Changes in Circulating Acylated Ghrelin and Neutrophil Elastase in Diabetic Retinopathy
<i>Background and Objectives</i>: The role and the levels of ghrelin in diabetes-induced retinal damage have not yet been explored. The present study aimed to measure the serum levels of total ghrelin (TG), and its acylated (AG) and des-acylated (DAG) forms in patients with the two stage...
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Medicina |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/1/118 |
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| author | Maria Consiglia Trotta Carlo Gesualdo Marina Russo Caterina Claudia Lepre Francesco Petrillo Maria Giovanna Vastarella Maddalena Nicoletti Francesca Simonelli Anca Hermenean Michele D’Amico Settimio Rossi |
| author_facet | Maria Consiglia Trotta Carlo Gesualdo Marina Russo Caterina Claudia Lepre Francesco Petrillo Maria Giovanna Vastarella Maddalena Nicoletti Francesca Simonelli Anca Hermenean Michele D’Amico Settimio Rossi |
| author_sort | Maria Consiglia Trotta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background and Objectives</i>: The role and the levels of ghrelin in diabetes-induced retinal damage have not yet been explored. The present study aimed to measure the serum levels of total ghrelin (TG), and its acylated (AG) and des-acylated (DAG) forms in patients with the two stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR), non-proliferative (NPDR) and proliferative (PDR). Moreover, the correlation between serum ghrelin and neutrophil elastase (NE) levels was investigated. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: The serum markers were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in 12 non-diabetic subjects (CTRL), 15 diabetic patients without DR (Diabetic), 15 patients with NPDR, and 15 patients with PDR. <i>Results</i>: TG and AG serum levels were significantly decreased in Diabetic (respectively, <i>p</i> < 0.05 and <i>p</i> < 0.01 vs. CTRL), NPDR (<i>p</i> < 0.01 vs. Diabetic), and in PDR patients (<i>p</i> < 0.01 vs. NPDR). AG serum levels were inversely associated with DR abnormalities (microhemorrhages, microaneurysms, and exudates) progression (r = −0.83, <i>p</i> < 0.01), serum neutrophil percentage (r = −0.74, <i>p</i> < 0.01), and serum NE levels (r = −0.73, <i>p</i> < 0.01). The latter were significantly increased in the Diabetic (<i>p</i> < 0.05 vs. CTRL), NPDR (<i>p</i> < 0.01 vs. Diabetic), and PDR (<i>p</i> < 0.01 vs. PDR) groups. <i>Conclusions</i>: The two DR stages were characterized by decreased AG and increased NE levels. In particular, serum AG levels were lower in PDR compared to NPDR patients, and serum NE levels were higher in the PDR vs. the NPDR group. Together with the greater presence of retinal abnormalities, this could underline a distinctive role of AG in PDR compared to NPDR. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:41:32Z |
| format | Article |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:41:32Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ab8e25881eca4a66aa1cb20890ad9e4e2024-01-26T17:35:27ZengMDPI AGMedicina1010-660X1648-91442024-01-0160111810.3390/medicina60010118Changes in Circulating Acylated Ghrelin and Neutrophil Elastase in Diabetic RetinopathyMaria Consiglia Trotta0Carlo Gesualdo1Marina Russo2Caterina Claudia Lepre3Francesco Petrillo4Maria Giovanna Vastarella5Maddalena Nicoletti6Francesca Simonelli7Anca Hermenean8Michele D’Amico9Settimio Rossi10Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, ItalyMultidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, ItalyPhD Course in National Interest in Public Administration and Innovation for Disability and Social Inclusion, Department of Mental, Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, ItalyPhD Course in Translational Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, ItalyMultidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, ItalyMultidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy“Aurel Ardelean” Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 310144 Arad, RomaniaDepartment of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, ItalyMultidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy<i>Background and Objectives</i>: The role and the levels of ghrelin in diabetes-induced retinal damage have not yet been explored. The present study aimed to measure the serum levels of total ghrelin (TG), and its acylated (AG) and des-acylated (DAG) forms in patients with the two stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR), non-proliferative (NPDR) and proliferative (PDR). Moreover, the correlation between serum ghrelin and neutrophil elastase (NE) levels was investigated. <i>Materials and Methods</i>: The serum markers were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in 12 non-diabetic subjects (CTRL), 15 diabetic patients without DR (Diabetic), 15 patients with NPDR, and 15 patients with PDR. <i>Results</i>: TG and AG serum levels were significantly decreased in Diabetic (respectively, <i>p</i> < 0.05 and <i>p</i> < 0.01 vs. CTRL), NPDR (<i>p</i> < 0.01 vs. Diabetic), and in PDR patients (<i>p</i> < 0.01 vs. NPDR). AG serum levels were inversely associated with DR abnormalities (microhemorrhages, microaneurysms, and exudates) progression (r = −0.83, <i>p</i> < 0.01), serum neutrophil percentage (r = −0.74, <i>p</i> < 0.01), and serum NE levels (r = −0.73, <i>p</i> < 0.01). The latter were significantly increased in the Diabetic (<i>p</i> < 0.05 vs. CTRL), NPDR (<i>p</i> < 0.01 vs. Diabetic), and PDR (<i>p</i> < 0.01 vs. PDR) groups. <i>Conclusions</i>: The two DR stages were characterized by decreased AG and increased NE levels. In particular, serum AG levels were lower in PDR compared to NPDR patients, and serum NE levels were higher in the PDR vs. the NPDR group. Together with the greater presence of retinal abnormalities, this could underline a distinctive role of AG in PDR compared to NPDR.https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/1/118diabetic retinopathyghrelinneutrophilsneutrophil extracellular traps |
| spellingShingle | Maria Consiglia Trotta Carlo Gesualdo Marina Russo Caterina Claudia Lepre Francesco Petrillo Maria Giovanna Vastarella Maddalena Nicoletti Francesca Simonelli Anca Hermenean Michele D’Amico Settimio Rossi Changes in Circulating Acylated Ghrelin and Neutrophil Elastase in Diabetic Retinopathy Medicina diabetic retinopathy ghrelin neutrophils neutrophil extracellular traps |
| title | Changes in Circulating Acylated Ghrelin and Neutrophil Elastase in Diabetic Retinopathy |
| title_full | Changes in Circulating Acylated Ghrelin and Neutrophil Elastase in Diabetic Retinopathy |
| title_fullStr | Changes in Circulating Acylated Ghrelin and Neutrophil Elastase in Diabetic Retinopathy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Changes in Circulating Acylated Ghrelin and Neutrophil Elastase in Diabetic Retinopathy |
| title_short | Changes in Circulating Acylated Ghrelin and Neutrophil Elastase in Diabetic Retinopathy |
| title_sort | changes in circulating acylated ghrelin and neutrophil elastase in diabetic retinopathy |
| topic | diabetic retinopathy ghrelin neutrophils neutrophil extracellular traps |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1648-9144/60/1/118 |
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