Molecular Influence of the ATM Protein in the Treatment of Human Cells with Different Radioprotective Drugs: Comparisons between Antioxidative and Pro-Episkevic Strategies
The radiation protection strategy with chemical agents has long been based on an antioxidative approach consisting in reducing the number of radical oxygen and nitrogen species responsible for the formation of the radiation-induced (RI) DNA damage, notably the DNA double-strand breaks (DSB), whose s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/13/3/524 |
| _version_ | 1797613222184878080 |
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| author | Juliette Restier-Verlet Michel Drouet Pauline Pras Mélanie L. Ferlazzo Adeline Granzotto Laurène Sonzogni Joëlle Al-Choboq Laura El Nachef Sabine François Michel Bourguignon Nicolas Foray |
| author_facet | Juliette Restier-Verlet Michel Drouet Pauline Pras Mélanie L. Ferlazzo Adeline Granzotto Laurène Sonzogni Joëlle Al-Choboq Laura El Nachef Sabine François Michel Bourguignon Nicolas Foray |
| author_sort | Juliette Restier-Verlet |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The radiation protection strategy with chemical agents has long been based on an antioxidative approach consisting in reducing the number of radical oxygen and nitrogen species responsible for the formation of the radiation-induced (RI) DNA damage, notably the DNA double-strand breaks (DSB), whose subset participates in the RI lethal effect as unrepairable damage. Conversely, a DSB repair-stimulating strategy that may be called the “pro-episkevic” approach (from the ancient Greek <i>episkeve</i>, meaning repair) can be proposed. The pro-episkevic approach directly derives from a mechanistic model based on the RI nucleoshuttling of the ATM protein (RIANS) and contributes to increase the number of DSB managed by NHEJ, the most predominant DSB repair and signaling pathway in mammalians. Here, three radioresistant and three radiosensitive human fibroblast cell lines were pretreated with antioxidative agents (N-acetylcysteine or amifostine) or to two pro-episkevic agents (zoledronate or pravastatin or both (ZOPRA)) before X-ray irradiation. The fate of the RI DSB was analyzed by using γH2AX and pATM immunofluorescence. While amifostine pretreatment appeared to be the most efficient antioxidative process, ZOPRA shows the most powerful radiation protection, suggesting that the pro-episkevic strategy may be an alternative to the antioxidative one. Additional investigations are needed to develop some new drugs that may elicit both antioxidative and pro-episkevic properties and to quantify the radiation protection action of both types of drugs applied concomitantly. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:52:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-aba816590eb24ede9cdaf87e29bc3f30 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:52:49Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-aba816590eb24ede9cdaf87e29bc3f302023-11-17T09:52:31ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2023-03-0113352410.3390/biom13030524Molecular Influence of the ATM Protein in the Treatment of Human Cells with Different Radioprotective Drugs: Comparisons between Antioxidative and Pro-Episkevic StrategiesJuliette Restier-Verlet0Michel Drouet1Pauline Pras2Mélanie L. Ferlazzo3Adeline Granzotto4Laurène Sonzogni5Joëlle Al-Choboq6Laura El Nachef7Sabine François8Michel Bourguignon9Nicolas Foray10INSERM U1296 Unit “Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment”, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, FranceINSERM U1296 Unit “Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment”, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, FranceINSERM U1296 Unit “Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment”, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, FranceINSERM U1296 Unit “Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment”, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, FranceINSERM U1296 Unit “Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment”, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, FranceINSERM U1296 Unit “Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment”, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, FranceINSERM U1296 Unit “Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment”, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, FranceINSERM U1296 Unit “Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment”, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, FranceINSERM U1296 Unit “Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment”, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, FranceINSERM U1296 Unit “Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment”, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, FranceINSERM U1296 Unit “Radiation: Defense, Health, Environment”, Centre Léon-Bérard, 69008 Lyon, FranceThe radiation protection strategy with chemical agents has long been based on an antioxidative approach consisting in reducing the number of radical oxygen and nitrogen species responsible for the formation of the radiation-induced (RI) DNA damage, notably the DNA double-strand breaks (DSB), whose subset participates in the RI lethal effect as unrepairable damage. Conversely, a DSB repair-stimulating strategy that may be called the “pro-episkevic” approach (from the ancient Greek <i>episkeve</i>, meaning repair) can be proposed. The pro-episkevic approach directly derives from a mechanistic model based on the RI nucleoshuttling of the ATM protein (RIANS) and contributes to increase the number of DSB managed by NHEJ, the most predominant DSB repair and signaling pathway in mammalians. Here, three radioresistant and three radiosensitive human fibroblast cell lines were pretreated with antioxidative agents (N-acetylcysteine or amifostine) or to two pro-episkevic agents (zoledronate or pravastatin or both (ZOPRA)) before X-ray irradiation. The fate of the RI DSB was analyzed by using γH2AX and pATM immunofluorescence. While amifostine pretreatment appeared to be the most efficient antioxidative process, ZOPRA shows the most powerful radiation protection, suggesting that the pro-episkevic strategy may be an alternative to the antioxidative one. Additional investigations are needed to develop some new drugs that may elicit both antioxidative and pro-episkevic properties and to quantify the radiation protection action of both types of drugs applied concomitantly.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/13/3/524radioprotectorsN-acetylcysteineamifostinestatinbisphosphonatesATM |
| spellingShingle | Juliette Restier-Verlet Michel Drouet Pauline Pras Mélanie L. Ferlazzo Adeline Granzotto Laurène Sonzogni Joëlle Al-Choboq Laura El Nachef Sabine François Michel Bourguignon Nicolas Foray Molecular Influence of the ATM Protein in the Treatment of Human Cells with Different Radioprotective Drugs: Comparisons between Antioxidative and Pro-Episkevic Strategies Biomolecules radioprotectors N-acetylcysteine amifostine statin bisphosphonates ATM |
| title | Molecular Influence of the ATM Protein in the Treatment of Human Cells with Different Radioprotective Drugs: Comparisons between Antioxidative and Pro-Episkevic Strategies |
| title_full | Molecular Influence of the ATM Protein in the Treatment of Human Cells with Different Radioprotective Drugs: Comparisons between Antioxidative and Pro-Episkevic Strategies |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Influence of the ATM Protein in the Treatment of Human Cells with Different Radioprotective Drugs: Comparisons between Antioxidative and Pro-Episkevic Strategies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Influence of the ATM Protein in the Treatment of Human Cells with Different Radioprotective Drugs: Comparisons between Antioxidative and Pro-Episkevic Strategies |
| title_short | Molecular Influence of the ATM Protein in the Treatment of Human Cells with Different Radioprotective Drugs: Comparisons between Antioxidative and Pro-Episkevic Strategies |
| title_sort | molecular influence of the atm protein in the treatment of human cells with different radioprotective drugs comparisons between antioxidative and pro episkevic strategies |
| topic | radioprotectors N-acetylcysteine amifostine statin bisphosphonates ATM |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/13/3/524 |
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