Platelets and Cardioprotection: The Role of Nitric Oxide and Carbon Oxide
Nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) represent a pair of biologically active gases with an increasingly well-defined range of effects on circulating platelets. These gases interact with platelets and cells in the vessels and heart and exert fundamentally similar biological effects, albeit thro...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/7/6107 |
| _version_ | 1797607902681235456 |
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| author | Isabella Russo Cristina Barale Elena Melchionda Claudia Penna Pasquale Pagliaro |
| author_facet | Isabella Russo Cristina Barale Elena Melchionda Claudia Penna Pasquale Pagliaro |
| author_sort | Isabella Russo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) represent a pair of biologically active gases with an increasingly well-defined range of effects on circulating platelets. These gases interact with platelets and cells in the vessels and heart and exert fundamentally similar biological effects, albeit through different mechanisms and with some peculiarity. Within the cardiovascular system, for example, the gases are predominantly vasodilators and exert antiaggregatory effects, and are protective against damage in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Indeed, NO is an important vasodilator acting on vascular smooth muscle and is able to inhibit platelet activation. NO reacts with superoxide anion (O<sub>2</sub>(<sup>−</sup>•)) to form peroxynitrite (ONOO(<sup>−</sup>)), a nitrosating agent capable of inducing oxidative/nitrative signaling and stress both at cardiovascular, platelet, and plasma levels. CO reduces platelet reactivity, therefore it is an anticoagulant, but it also has some cardioprotective and procoagulant properties. This review article summarizes current knowledge on the platelets and roles of gas mediators (NO, and CO) in cardioprotection. In particular, we aim to examine the link and interactions between platelets, NO, and CO and cardioprotective pathways. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:36:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-abb82568687740aa9dba0ea5b46bbffe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:36:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-abb82568687740aa9dba0ea5b46bbffe2023-11-17T16:46:29ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-03-01247610710.3390/ijms24076107Platelets and Cardioprotection: The Role of Nitric Oxide and Carbon OxideIsabella Russo0Cristina Barale1Elena Melchionda2Claudia Penna3Pasquale Pagliaro4Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, Orbassano, I-10043 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, Orbassano, I-10043 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, Orbassano, I-10043 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, Orbassano, I-10043 Turin, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Biological Sciences of Turin University, Orbassano, I-10043 Turin, ItalyNitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) represent a pair of biologically active gases with an increasingly well-defined range of effects on circulating platelets. These gases interact with platelets and cells in the vessels and heart and exert fundamentally similar biological effects, albeit through different mechanisms and with some peculiarity. Within the cardiovascular system, for example, the gases are predominantly vasodilators and exert antiaggregatory effects, and are protective against damage in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Indeed, NO is an important vasodilator acting on vascular smooth muscle and is able to inhibit platelet activation. NO reacts with superoxide anion (O<sub>2</sub>(<sup>−</sup>•)) to form peroxynitrite (ONOO(<sup>−</sup>)), a nitrosating agent capable of inducing oxidative/nitrative signaling and stress both at cardiovascular, platelet, and plasma levels. CO reduces platelet reactivity, therefore it is an anticoagulant, but it also has some cardioprotective and procoagulant properties. This review article summarizes current knowledge on the platelets and roles of gas mediators (NO, and CO) in cardioprotection. In particular, we aim to examine the link and interactions between platelets, NO, and CO and cardioprotective pathways.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/7/6107plateletspreconditioningremote conditioningnitrosating agentsgasotransmitters |
| spellingShingle | Isabella Russo Cristina Barale Elena Melchionda Claudia Penna Pasquale Pagliaro Platelets and Cardioprotection: The Role of Nitric Oxide and Carbon Oxide International Journal of Molecular Sciences platelets preconditioning remote conditioning nitrosating agents gasotransmitters |
| title | Platelets and Cardioprotection: The Role of Nitric Oxide and Carbon Oxide |
| title_full | Platelets and Cardioprotection: The Role of Nitric Oxide and Carbon Oxide |
| title_fullStr | Platelets and Cardioprotection: The Role of Nitric Oxide and Carbon Oxide |
| title_full_unstemmed | Platelets and Cardioprotection: The Role of Nitric Oxide and Carbon Oxide |
| title_short | Platelets and Cardioprotection: The Role of Nitric Oxide and Carbon Oxide |
| title_sort | platelets and cardioprotection the role of nitric oxide and carbon oxide |
| topic | platelets preconditioning remote conditioning nitrosating agents gasotransmitters |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/7/6107 |
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