Metabolic Pathway Profiling in Intracellular and Extracellular Environments of Streptococcus thermophilus During pH-Controlled Batch Fermentations
Elucidating the metabolite profiles during the growth of Streptococcus thermophilus is beneficial for understanding its growth characteristics. The changes in the intracellular and extracellular concentrations of carbohydrates, nucleotides, amino sugars, nucleoside sugars, fatty acids, and amino aci...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.03144/full |
| _version_ | 1818777762149695488 |
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| author | Yali Qiao Gefei Liu Xuepeng Lv Xuejing Fan Yanjiao Zhang Li Meng Mingzhi Ai Zhen Feng |
| author_facet | Yali Qiao Gefei Liu Xuepeng Lv Xuejing Fan Yanjiao Zhang Li Meng Mingzhi Ai Zhen Feng |
| author_sort | Yali Qiao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Elucidating the metabolite profiles during the growth of Streptococcus thermophilus is beneficial for understanding its growth characteristics. The changes in the intracellular and extracellular concentrations of carbohydrates, nucleotides, amino sugars, nucleoside sugars, fatty acids, and amino acids, as well as their metabolites over time, were investigated by metabolomics technology. Most metabolites of nucleotides were highly accumulated in the intracellular environment after the mid-exponential phase. Increases in the intracellular unsaturated fatty acids and N-acetyl-glucosamine and N-acetyl-muramoate recycling provided potential evidence that cell envelope remodeling occurred after the mid-exponential phase. At the later fermentation stages, potentially functional metabolite produced by glycine was highly accumulated in the intracellular environment. Additionally, potential toxic metabolites produced by phenylalanine and tyrosine could not be excreted into the extracellular environment in a timely basis. The accumulation of large amounts of these metabolites might be the primary cause of the overconsumption of amino acids and influence the growth of S. thermophilus. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T11:33:58Z |
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| id | doaj.art-abc333877999462c8a17eac0365a3dbd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T11:33:58Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-abc333877999462c8a17eac0365a3dbd2022-12-21T21:09:32ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2020-01-011010.3389/fmicb.2019.03144487895Metabolic Pathway Profiling in Intracellular and Extracellular Environments of Streptococcus thermophilus During pH-Controlled Batch FermentationsYali QiaoGefei LiuXuepeng LvXuejing FanYanjiao ZhangLi MengMingzhi AiZhen FengElucidating the metabolite profiles during the growth of Streptococcus thermophilus is beneficial for understanding its growth characteristics. The changes in the intracellular and extracellular concentrations of carbohydrates, nucleotides, amino sugars, nucleoside sugars, fatty acids, and amino acids, as well as their metabolites over time, were investigated by metabolomics technology. Most metabolites of nucleotides were highly accumulated in the intracellular environment after the mid-exponential phase. Increases in the intracellular unsaturated fatty acids and N-acetyl-glucosamine and N-acetyl-muramoate recycling provided potential evidence that cell envelope remodeling occurred after the mid-exponential phase. At the later fermentation stages, potentially functional metabolite produced by glycine was highly accumulated in the intracellular environment. Additionally, potential toxic metabolites produced by phenylalanine and tyrosine could not be excreted into the extracellular environment in a timely basis. The accumulation of large amounts of these metabolites might be the primary cause of the overconsumption of amino acids and influence the growth of S. thermophilus.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.03144/fullStreptococcus thermophilusmetabolic pathwayintracellular metaboliteextracellular metabolitepH-controlled batch fermentations |
| spellingShingle | Yali Qiao Gefei Liu Xuepeng Lv Xuejing Fan Yanjiao Zhang Li Meng Mingzhi Ai Zhen Feng Metabolic Pathway Profiling in Intracellular and Extracellular Environments of Streptococcus thermophilus During pH-Controlled Batch Fermentations Frontiers in Microbiology Streptococcus thermophilus metabolic pathway intracellular metabolite extracellular metabolite pH-controlled batch fermentations |
| title | Metabolic Pathway Profiling in Intracellular and Extracellular Environments of Streptococcus thermophilus During pH-Controlled Batch Fermentations |
| title_full | Metabolic Pathway Profiling in Intracellular and Extracellular Environments of Streptococcus thermophilus During pH-Controlled Batch Fermentations |
| title_fullStr | Metabolic Pathway Profiling in Intracellular and Extracellular Environments of Streptococcus thermophilus During pH-Controlled Batch Fermentations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metabolic Pathway Profiling in Intracellular and Extracellular Environments of Streptococcus thermophilus During pH-Controlled Batch Fermentations |
| title_short | Metabolic Pathway Profiling in Intracellular and Extracellular Environments of Streptococcus thermophilus During pH-Controlled Batch Fermentations |
| title_sort | metabolic pathway profiling in intracellular and extracellular environments of streptococcus thermophilus during ph controlled batch fermentations |
| topic | Streptococcus thermophilus metabolic pathway intracellular metabolite extracellular metabolite pH-controlled batch fermentations |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.03144/full |
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