Effects of Fat Pre-Emulsification on the Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Index, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Nutrient Utilization, and Standardized Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acids in Pekin Ducks Fed Diets with Different Fat Sources
This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of fat pre-emulsification on growth performance, the serum biochemical index, intestinal digestive enzyme activities, nutrient utilization, and the standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids (SIDAA) in Pekin ducks fed diets containing differ...
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/20/2729 |
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| author | Xiangyi Zeng Keying Zhang Gang Tian Xuemei Ding Shiping Bai Jianping Wang Li Lv Yupeng Liao Yue Xuan Qiufeng Zeng |
| author_facet | Xiangyi Zeng Keying Zhang Gang Tian Xuemei Ding Shiping Bai Jianping Wang Li Lv Yupeng Liao Yue Xuan Qiufeng Zeng |
| author_sort | Xiangyi Zeng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of fat pre-emulsification on growth performance, the serum biochemical index, intestinal digestive enzyme activities, nutrient utilization, and the standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids (SIDAA) in Pekin ducks fed diets containing different fat sources. Three hundred and twenty healthy ten-day-old Pekin male ducks (409 ± 27 g) were assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial design and given one of two types of poultry fat (duck fat or a mixed type of fat composed of chicken fat and duck fat in a 1:1 ratio) that had been pre-emulsified or not. This resulted in four treatments of eight replicates, with each replicate having ten ducks. The results showed that fat pre-emulsification (preE) significantly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) body weight and body weight gain and decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) the feed-to-gain ratio, the liver index, the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and the concentration of total cholesterol (TC) in the serum. Fat preE also tended to decrease the activity of lipase (<i>p</i> = 0.07) and significantly reduced (<i>p < 0.05</i>) the activity of trypsin in the duodenum. The utilization of dietary dry matter, ether extract (EE), energy, and total phosphorus, as well as apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and the SID of serine (<i>p</i> = 0.090), were improved by fat preE. Duck fat markedly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) the serum TC concentration and the utilization of dietary EE; however, it also tended to decrease the serum triglyceride (TG) concentration (<i>p</i> = 0.09) and markedly decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) the activity of trypsin in the jejunum and duodenum. These results indicated that fat preE contributed to the utilization of dietary nutrients, serum lipid metabolism, intestinal digestive enzyme activities, and liver health, thereby improving the growth performance of ducks. Duck fat has higher bioavailability for ducks based on dietary EE utilization. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:52:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-abcc0689b8c9446ea312c04579dc2349 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:52:49Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
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| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-abcc0689b8c9446ea312c04579dc23492023-11-23T22:30:53ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-10-011220272910.3390/ani12202729Effects of Fat Pre-Emulsification on the Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Index, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Nutrient Utilization, and Standardized Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acids in Pekin Ducks Fed Diets with Different Fat SourcesXiangyi Zeng0Keying Zhang1Gang Tian2Xuemei Ding3Shiping Bai4Jianping Wang5Li Lv6Yupeng Liao7Yue Xuan8Qiufeng Zeng9Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, ChinaInstitute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, ChinaInstitute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, ChinaInstitute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, ChinaInstitute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, ChinaInstitute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, ChinaInstitute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, ChinaSi Chuan Action Biotech Co., Ltd., 11 Jinxing Road, Guanghan City, Deyang 618302, ChinaInstitute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, ChinaInstitute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, ChinaThis experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of fat pre-emulsification on growth performance, the serum biochemical index, intestinal digestive enzyme activities, nutrient utilization, and the standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids (SIDAA) in Pekin ducks fed diets containing different fat sources. Three hundred and twenty healthy ten-day-old Pekin male ducks (409 ± 27 g) were assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial design and given one of two types of poultry fat (duck fat or a mixed type of fat composed of chicken fat and duck fat in a 1:1 ratio) that had been pre-emulsified or not. This resulted in four treatments of eight replicates, with each replicate having ten ducks. The results showed that fat pre-emulsification (preE) significantly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) body weight and body weight gain and decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) the feed-to-gain ratio, the liver index, the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and the concentration of total cholesterol (TC) in the serum. Fat preE also tended to decrease the activity of lipase (<i>p</i> = 0.07) and significantly reduced (<i>p < 0.05</i>) the activity of trypsin in the duodenum. The utilization of dietary dry matter, ether extract (EE), energy, and total phosphorus, as well as apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and the SID of serine (<i>p</i> = 0.090), were improved by fat preE. Duck fat markedly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) the serum TC concentration and the utilization of dietary EE; however, it also tended to decrease the serum triglyceride (TG) concentration (<i>p</i> = 0.09) and markedly decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) the activity of trypsin in the jejunum and duodenum. These results indicated that fat preE contributed to the utilization of dietary nutrients, serum lipid metabolism, intestinal digestive enzyme activities, and liver health, thereby improving the growth performance of ducks. Duck fat has higher bioavailability for ducks based on dietary EE utilization.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/20/2729ducksfat pre-emulsificationduck fatgrowth performancenutrient utilization |
| spellingShingle | Xiangyi Zeng Keying Zhang Gang Tian Xuemei Ding Shiping Bai Jianping Wang Li Lv Yupeng Liao Yue Xuan Qiufeng Zeng Effects of Fat Pre-Emulsification on the Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Index, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Nutrient Utilization, and Standardized Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acids in Pekin Ducks Fed Diets with Different Fat Sources Animals ducks fat pre-emulsification duck fat growth performance nutrient utilization |
| title | Effects of Fat Pre-Emulsification on the Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Index, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Nutrient Utilization, and Standardized Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acids in Pekin Ducks Fed Diets with Different Fat Sources |
| title_full | Effects of Fat Pre-Emulsification on the Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Index, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Nutrient Utilization, and Standardized Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acids in Pekin Ducks Fed Diets with Different Fat Sources |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Fat Pre-Emulsification on the Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Index, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Nutrient Utilization, and Standardized Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acids in Pekin Ducks Fed Diets with Different Fat Sources |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Fat Pre-Emulsification on the Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Index, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Nutrient Utilization, and Standardized Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acids in Pekin Ducks Fed Diets with Different Fat Sources |
| title_short | Effects of Fat Pre-Emulsification on the Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Index, Digestive Enzyme Activities, Nutrient Utilization, and Standardized Ileal Digestibility of Amino Acids in Pekin Ducks Fed Diets with Different Fat Sources |
| title_sort | effects of fat pre emulsification on the growth performance serum biochemical index digestive enzyme activities nutrient utilization and standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in pekin ducks fed diets with different fat sources |
| topic | ducks fat pre-emulsification duck fat growth performance nutrient utilization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/20/2729 |
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