Enhancing bioefficacy of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SF14 with salicylic acid for the control of the postharvest citrus green mould
Penicillium digitatum is a major post-harvest pathogen of citrus fruit causing tremendous economic losses. In this study, salicylic acid (SA) and antagonistic bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (SF14) were tested in controlling P. digitatum (green mould) infections as an alternative to chemical con...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Plant Stress |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667064X23000143 |
| _version_ | 1797869711378087936 |
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| author | Hajar El Hamss Nada Kajad Zineb Belabess Rachid Lahlali |
| author_facet | Hajar El Hamss Nada Kajad Zineb Belabess Rachid Lahlali |
| author_sort | Hajar El Hamss |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Penicillium digitatum is a major post-harvest pathogen of citrus fruit causing tremendous economic losses. In this study, salicylic acid (SA) and antagonistic bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (SF14) were tested in controlling P. digitatum (green mould) infections as an alternative to chemical controls. Three concentrations of SA (0.5, 1, and 2%) were tested for their antifungal activity in both in vitro and in vivo conditions alone and in combination with SF14. Fruit quality parameters including fruit firmness, weight loss, titratable acidity, and soluble solids content were evaluated. The impact of these biological treatments was also investigated by measuring the changes in organic and mineral properties of orange fruits using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Enzymatic activity including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), total polyphenols and flavonoids was also tested. In vitro assays showed that SF14 combined with 0.5% SA provided the highest inhibition of green mould growth reaching 72.98%. Inhibition of spore germination was also highest in the same treatment od reaching 63.40%. FTIR of fungal biomass confirmed an alteration of fungal well wall following biological treatments. Moreover, during in vivo assays, the combination of SF14 and 0.5% SA produced the lowest disease severity (5.43%) without considerably affecting the fruit quality. Further investigation of the effect of these treatments on the mineral composition of treated oranges showed that Ca, Fe, K, Mg, and Na concentrations were significantly affected. Changes in these elements may show a defence reaction induced by the biological treatments against the pathogen, which was also confirmed with the measurement of PAL activity, total polyphenols, and flavonoids. Interestingly, FTIR of citrus peel indicated significant changes in the content of bands denoting for phenolic and aromatic rings, suggesting an induced resistance against the pathogenic fungus. Overall, our findings suggested that the combination of both bacterial antagonist SF14 and 0.5% SA can control the green mould of citrus, and as such constitutes a safer alternative to chemicals during postharvest storage. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T00:15:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-abd6c3ba993a4e8fa94419bf81e31f20 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2667-064X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T00:15:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plant Stress |
| spelling | doaj.art-abd6c3ba993a4e8fa94419bf81e31f202023-03-16T05:06:54ZengElsevierPlant Stress2667-064X2023-03-017100144Enhancing bioefficacy of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SF14 with salicylic acid for the control of the postharvest citrus green mouldHajar El Hamss0Nada Kajad1Zineb Belabess2Rachid Lahlali3Phytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture de Meknès, Km10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Menkes 50001, MoroccoPhytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture de Meknès, Km10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Menkes 50001, MoroccoPlant Protection Laboratory, Regional Center of Agricultural Research of Meknes, National Institute of Agricultural Research, 50001, MoroccoPhytopathology Unit, Department of Plant Protection, Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture de Meknès, Km10, Rte Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, Menkes 50001, Morocco; Corresponding author.Penicillium digitatum is a major post-harvest pathogen of citrus fruit causing tremendous economic losses. In this study, salicylic acid (SA) and antagonistic bacteria Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (SF14) were tested in controlling P. digitatum (green mould) infections as an alternative to chemical controls. Three concentrations of SA (0.5, 1, and 2%) were tested for their antifungal activity in both in vitro and in vivo conditions alone and in combination with SF14. Fruit quality parameters including fruit firmness, weight loss, titratable acidity, and soluble solids content were evaluated. The impact of these biological treatments was also investigated by measuring the changes in organic and mineral properties of orange fruits using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Enzymatic activity including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), total polyphenols and flavonoids was also tested. In vitro assays showed that SF14 combined with 0.5% SA provided the highest inhibition of green mould growth reaching 72.98%. Inhibition of spore germination was also highest in the same treatment od reaching 63.40%. FTIR of fungal biomass confirmed an alteration of fungal well wall following biological treatments. Moreover, during in vivo assays, the combination of SF14 and 0.5% SA produced the lowest disease severity (5.43%) without considerably affecting the fruit quality. Further investigation of the effect of these treatments on the mineral composition of treated oranges showed that Ca, Fe, K, Mg, and Na concentrations were significantly affected. Changes in these elements may show a defence reaction induced by the biological treatments against the pathogen, which was also confirmed with the measurement of PAL activity, total polyphenols, and flavonoids. Interestingly, FTIR of citrus peel indicated significant changes in the content of bands denoting for phenolic and aromatic rings, suggesting an induced resistance against the pathogenic fungus. Overall, our findings suggested that the combination of both bacterial antagonist SF14 and 0.5% SA can control the green mould of citrus, and as such constitutes a safer alternative to chemicals during postharvest storage.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667064X23000143BiocontrolPost-harvestBio-control agentsPenicillium digitatumBacillus amyloliquefaciensOrange |
| spellingShingle | Hajar El Hamss Nada Kajad Zineb Belabess Rachid Lahlali Enhancing bioefficacy of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SF14 with salicylic acid for the control of the postharvest citrus green mould Plant Stress Biocontrol Post-harvest Bio-control agents Penicillium digitatum Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Orange |
| title | Enhancing bioefficacy of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SF14 with salicylic acid for the control of the postharvest citrus green mould |
| title_full | Enhancing bioefficacy of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SF14 with salicylic acid for the control of the postharvest citrus green mould |
| title_fullStr | Enhancing bioefficacy of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SF14 with salicylic acid for the control of the postharvest citrus green mould |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhancing bioefficacy of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SF14 with salicylic acid for the control of the postharvest citrus green mould |
| title_short | Enhancing bioefficacy of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SF14 with salicylic acid for the control of the postharvest citrus green mould |
| title_sort | enhancing bioefficacy of bacillus amyloliquefaciens sf14 with salicylic acid for the control of the postharvest citrus green mould |
| topic | Biocontrol Post-harvest Bio-control agents Penicillium digitatum Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Orange |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667064X23000143 |
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