Case Report: Subclinical Verminous Pneumonia and High Ambient Temperatures Had Severe Impact on the Anesthesia of Semi-domesticated Eurasian Tundra Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) With Medetomidine–Ketamine
Semidomesticated Eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus, n = 21) were scheduled twice for chemical immobilization with medetomidine–ketamine as part of a scientific experiment in June 2014. During the first round of immobilizations, seven animals developed severe respiratory depression...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.606323/full |
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| author | Morten Tryland Terje D. Josefsen Terje D. Josefsen Javier Sánchez Romano Nina Marcin Torill Mørk Jon M. Arnemo Jon M. Arnemo |
| author_facet | Morten Tryland Terje D. Josefsen Terje D. Josefsen Javier Sánchez Romano Nina Marcin Torill Mørk Jon M. Arnemo Jon M. Arnemo |
| author_sort | Morten Tryland |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Semidomesticated Eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus, n = 21) were scheduled twice for chemical immobilization with medetomidine–ketamine as part of a scientific experiment in June 2014. During the first round of immobilizations, seven animals developed severe respiratory depression (RD). Three individuals died, and 4 recovered. The ambient temperature during the 2 days of immobilization (June 3 and 4) was high (mean 13.9–17.6°C) compared to the normal mean temperature for these 2 days (7–8°C) based on statistical records. During the second round of immobilizations, using the same anesthetic protocol for the remaining animals as in the first round but conducted under cooler conditions (mean 6.6°C for the period June 9–18), no signs of RD were observed. Clinical and pathological investigations indicated that the animals suffered from circulatory changes possibly caused by high ambient temperatures and granulomatous interstitial pneumonia due to Elaphostrongylus rangiferi larvae. These conditions, together with the cardiovascular effects of medetomidine, were likely causes of RD and the fatal outcome. We conclude that chemical immobilization of reindeer with medetomidine–ketamine should be avoided in May–June due to the potential risk when animals partly in winter coats encounter rising ambient temperatures and usually have parasites developing in their airways. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T12:53:12Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2297-1769 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T12:53:12Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Veterinary Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-abe14685d73e49a3bb629c5036d2318e2022-12-21T23:45:15ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Veterinary Science2297-17692021-02-01810.3389/fvets.2021.606323606323Case Report: Subclinical Verminous Pneumonia and High Ambient Temperatures Had Severe Impact on the Anesthesia of Semi-domesticated Eurasian Tundra Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) With Medetomidine–KetamineMorten Tryland0Terje D. Josefsen1Terje D. Josefsen2Javier Sánchez Romano3Nina Marcin4Torill Mørk5Jon M. Arnemo6Jon M. Arnemo7Arctic Infection Biology, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, NorwaySection for Research in Food Safety and Animal Health, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Tromsø, NorwayFaculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, NorwayArctic Infection Biology, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, NorwayArctic Infection Biology, Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, NorwaySection for Research in Food Safety and Animal Health, Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Tromsø, NorwayDepartment of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Evenstad, Koppang, NorwayDepartment of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, SwedenSemidomesticated Eurasian tundra reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus, n = 21) were scheduled twice for chemical immobilization with medetomidine–ketamine as part of a scientific experiment in June 2014. During the first round of immobilizations, seven animals developed severe respiratory depression (RD). Three individuals died, and 4 recovered. The ambient temperature during the 2 days of immobilization (June 3 and 4) was high (mean 13.9–17.6°C) compared to the normal mean temperature for these 2 days (7–8°C) based on statistical records. During the second round of immobilizations, using the same anesthetic protocol for the remaining animals as in the first round but conducted under cooler conditions (mean 6.6°C for the period June 9–18), no signs of RD were observed. Clinical and pathological investigations indicated that the animals suffered from circulatory changes possibly caused by high ambient temperatures and granulomatous interstitial pneumonia due to Elaphostrongylus rangiferi larvae. These conditions, together with the cardiovascular effects of medetomidine, were likely causes of RD and the fatal outcome. We conclude that chemical immobilization of reindeer with medetomidine–ketamine should be avoided in May–June due to the potential risk when animals partly in winter coats encounter rising ambient temperatures and usually have parasites developing in their airways.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.606323/fullAlfa-2 agonistatipamezolechemical immobilizationcirculationketaminemedetomidine |
| spellingShingle | Morten Tryland Terje D. Josefsen Terje D. Josefsen Javier Sánchez Romano Nina Marcin Torill Mørk Jon M. Arnemo Jon M. Arnemo Case Report: Subclinical Verminous Pneumonia and High Ambient Temperatures Had Severe Impact on the Anesthesia of Semi-domesticated Eurasian Tundra Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) With Medetomidine–Ketamine Frontiers in Veterinary Science Alfa-2 agonist atipamezole chemical immobilization circulation ketamine medetomidine |
| title | Case Report: Subclinical Verminous Pneumonia and High Ambient Temperatures Had Severe Impact on the Anesthesia of Semi-domesticated Eurasian Tundra Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) With Medetomidine–Ketamine |
| title_full | Case Report: Subclinical Verminous Pneumonia and High Ambient Temperatures Had Severe Impact on the Anesthesia of Semi-domesticated Eurasian Tundra Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) With Medetomidine–Ketamine |
| title_fullStr | Case Report: Subclinical Verminous Pneumonia and High Ambient Temperatures Had Severe Impact on the Anesthesia of Semi-domesticated Eurasian Tundra Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) With Medetomidine–Ketamine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Case Report: Subclinical Verminous Pneumonia and High Ambient Temperatures Had Severe Impact on the Anesthesia of Semi-domesticated Eurasian Tundra Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) With Medetomidine–Ketamine |
| title_short | Case Report: Subclinical Verminous Pneumonia and High Ambient Temperatures Had Severe Impact on the Anesthesia of Semi-domesticated Eurasian Tundra Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) With Medetomidine–Ketamine |
| title_sort | case report subclinical verminous pneumonia and high ambient temperatures had severe impact on the anesthesia of semi domesticated eurasian tundra reindeer rangifer tarandus tarandus with medetomidine ketamine |
| topic | Alfa-2 agonist atipamezole chemical immobilization circulation ketamine medetomidine |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.606323/full |
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