Glycerolic Licorice Extracts as Active Cosmeceutical Ingredients: Extraction Optimization, Chemical Characterization, and Biological Activity
A green ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method using glycerol/water mixtures for extraction of licorice (<i>Glycyrrhiza glabra</i>) bioactive constituents was developed in this study. The response surface method, according to the Box-Behnken design, was employed to optimize the extr...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-10-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/8/10/445 |
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| author | Petar Ciganović Katarzyna Jakimiuk Michał Tomczyk Marijana Zovko Končić |
| author_facet | Petar Ciganović Katarzyna Jakimiuk Michał Tomczyk Marijana Zovko Končić |
| author_sort | Petar Ciganović |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A green ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method using glycerol/water mixtures for extraction of licorice (<i>Glycyrrhiza glabra</i>) bioactive constituents was developed in this study. The response surface method, according to the Box-Behnken design, was employed to optimize the extraction parameters: glycerol concentration (X<sub>1</sub>), temperature (X<sub>2</sub>), and the amount of herbal drug used in the production (X<sub>3</sub>). The responses were content of total phenols (TP), TP extraction efficiency (TPy) and the content of licorice characteristic constituents, glabridin (Gla) and isoliquiritigenin (Iso). Response surface analysis predicted the optimal extraction conditions for maximized amounts of TP, Tpy, Gla, and Iso. The extracts were prepared using the calculated conditions. The analysis of the selected constituents confirmed the validity of the model. Furthermore, biological activity of the extracts was tested. The results demonstrate that UAE using glycerol is a fast and efficient method for preparation of extracts with excellent radical scavenging, Fe<sup>2+</sup> chelating and antioxidant activity. Furthermore, the observed notable tyrosinase and elastase inhibitory activity of the extracts, as well as their anti-inflammatory activity, indicate the anti-aging properties of the investigated extracts. The fact that the extracts were prepared using the safe, cosmetically active solvent, glycerol, makes them suitable for direct use in specialized cosmeceutical formulations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T20:00:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ac111486adff428aad7a1cfe7b08fec3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T20:00:04Z |
| publishDate | 2019-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-ac111486adff428aad7a1cfe7b08fec32023-08-02T02:29:35ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212019-10-0181044510.3390/antiox8100445antiox8100445Glycerolic Licorice Extracts as Active Cosmeceutical Ingredients: Extraction Optimization, Chemical Characterization, and Biological ActivityPetar Ciganović0Katarzyna Jakimiuk1Michał Tomczyk2Marijana Zovko Končić3Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Mickiewicza 2a, 15-230 Białystok, PolandDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaA green ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) method using glycerol/water mixtures for extraction of licorice (<i>Glycyrrhiza glabra</i>) bioactive constituents was developed in this study. The response surface method, according to the Box-Behnken design, was employed to optimize the extraction parameters: glycerol concentration (X<sub>1</sub>), temperature (X<sub>2</sub>), and the amount of herbal drug used in the production (X<sub>3</sub>). The responses were content of total phenols (TP), TP extraction efficiency (TPy) and the content of licorice characteristic constituents, glabridin (Gla) and isoliquiritigenin (Iso). Response surface analysis predicted the optimal extraction conditions for maximized amounts of TP, Tpy, Gla, and Iso. The extracts were prepared using the calculated conditions. The analysis of the selected constituents confirmed the validity of the model. Furthermore, biological activity of the extracts was tested. The results demonstrate that UAE using glycerol is a fast and efficient method for preparation of extracts with excellent radical scavenging, Fe<sup>2+</sup> chelating and antioxidant activity. Furthermore, the observed notable tyrosinase and elastase inhibitory activity of the extracts, as well as their anti-inflammatory activity, indicate the anti-aging properties of the investigated extracts. The fact that the extracts were prepared using the safe, cosmetically active solvent, glycerol, makes them suitable for direct use in specialized cosmeceutical formulations.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/8/10/445licoriceanti-inflammatoryantioxidantcosmeticelastase inhibitory activitygreen extractiontyrosinase inhibitory activity |
| spellingShingle | Petar Ciganović Katarzyna Jakimiuk Michał Tomczyk Marijana Zovko Končić Glycerolic Licorice Extracts as Active Cosmeceutical Ingredients: Extraction Optimization, Chemical Characterization, and Biological Activity Antioxidants licorice anti-inflammatory antioxidant cosmetic elastase inhibitory activity green extraction tyrosinase inhibitory activity |
| title | Glycerolic Licorice Extracts as Active Cosmeceutical Ingredients: Extraction Optimization, Chemical Characterization, and Biological Activity |
| title_full | Glycerolic Licorice Extracts as Active Cosmeceutical Ingredients: Extraction Optimization, Chemical Characterization, and Biological Activity |
| title_fullStr | Glycerolic Licorice Extracts as Active Cosmeceutical Ingredients: Extraction Optimization, Chemical Characterization, and Biological Activity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Glycerolic Licorice Extracts as Active Cosmeceutical Ingredients: Extraction Optimization, Chemical Characterization, and Biological Activity |
| title_short | Glycerolic Licorice Extracts as Active Cosmeceutical Ingredients: Extraction Optimization, Chemical Characterization, and Biological Activity |
| title_sort | glycerolic licorice extracts as active cosmeceutical ingredients extraction optimization chemical characterization and biological activity |
| topic | licorice anti-inflammatory antioxidant cosmetic elastase inhibitory activity green extraction tyrosinase inhibitory activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/8/10/445 |
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