Investigating the Result of Current Density, Temperature, and Electrolyte Concentration on COD: Subtraction of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology
Electrochemical oxidation (EO) investigated chemical oxygen demand (COD) subtraction from petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW) as a capable remediation process. Titanium substrates coated with iridium–tantalum oxide mixtures (Ti/IrO<sub>2</sub>–Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/6/835 |
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| author | Sharon Chakawa Mujahid Aziz |
| author_facet | Sharon Chakawa Mujahid Aziz |
| author_sort | Sharon Chakawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Electrochemical oxidation (EO) investigated chemical oxygen demand (COD) subtraction from petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW) as a capable remediation process. Titanium substrates coated with iridium–tantalum oxide mixtures (Ti/IrO<sub>2</sub>–Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) were used as the dimensional stable anode (DSA). The Box-Behnken Design (BBD), a statistical experimental design and response surface methodology (RSM), was used to matrix the current density, temperature, and electrolyte (NaCl) concentration variables, with COD removal efficiency as the response factor. A second-order verifiable relationship between the response and independent variables was derived where the analysis of variance displayed a high coefficient of determination value (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9799). The predicted values calculated with the model equations were very close to the experimental values where the model was highly significant. Based on the BBD for current density, the optimum process conditions, temperature and electrolyte (NaCl) concentration were 7.5 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, 42 °C and 4.5 g/L, respectively. They were resulting in a COD removal efficiency of 99.83% after a 12-hour EO period. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:06:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ac29a469b46748feb91c04ed00c17295 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T13:06:04Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-ac29a469b46748feb91c04ed00c172952023-11-21T11:06:10ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412021-03-0113683510.3390/w13060835Investigating the Result of Current Density, Temperature, and Electrolyte Concentration on COD: Subtraction of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater Using Response Surface MethodologySharon Chakawa0Mujahid Aziz1Environmental Engineering Research Group (EnvERG), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, P.O. Box 1906, Cape Town 7535, South AfricaEnvironmental Engineering Research Group (EnvERG), Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, P.O. Box 1906, Cape Town 7535, South AfricaElectrochemical oxidation (EO) investigated chemical oxygen demand (COD) subtraction from petroleum refinery wastewater (PRW) as a capable remediation process. Titanium substrates coated with iridium–tantalum oxide mixtures (Ti/IrO<sub>2</sub>–Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) were used as the dimensional stable anode (DSA). The Box-Behnken Design (BBD), a statistical experimental design and response surface methodology (RSM), was used to matrix the current density, temperature, and electrolyte (NaCl) concentration variables, with COD removal efficiency as the response factor. A second-order verifiable relationship between the response and independent variables was derived where the analysis of variance displayed a high coefficient of determination value (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.9799). The predicted values calculated with the model equations were very close to the experimental values where the model was highly significant. Based on the BBD for current density, the optimum process conditions, temperature and electrolyte (NaCl) concentration were 7.5 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, 42 °C and 4.5 g/L, respectively. They were resulting in a COD removal efficiency of 99.83% after a 12-hour EO period.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/6/835box-behnken designelectrochemical oxidationpetroleum refinery wastewaterchemical oxygen demandresponse surface methodologyremediation |
| spellingShingle | Sharon Chakawa Mujahid Aziz Investigating the Result of Current Density, Temperature, and Electrolyte Concentration on COD: Subtraction of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology Water box-behnken design electrochemical oxidation petroleum refinery wastewater chemical oxygen demand response surface methodology remediation |
| title | Investigating the Result of Current Density, Temperature, and Electrolyte Concentration on COD: Subtraction of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_full | Investigating the Result of Current Density, Temperature, and Electrolyte Concentration on COD: Subtraction of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_fullStr | Investigating the Result of Current Density, Temperature, and Electrolyte Concentration on COD: Subtraction of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigating the Result of Current Density, Temperature, and Electrolyte Concentration on COD: Subtraction of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_short | Investigating the Result of Current Density, Temperature, and Electrolyte Concentration on COD: Subtraction of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater Using Response Surface Methodology |
| title_sort | investigating the result of current density temperature and electrolyte concentration on cod subtraction of petroleum refinery wastewater using response surface methodology |
| topic | box-behnken design electrochemical oxidation petroleum refinery wastewater chemical oxygen demand response surface methodology remediation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/6/835 |
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