Travelling through the Natural Hierarchies of Type I Collagen with X-rays: From Tendons of Cattle, Horses, Sheep and Pigs
Type I collagen physiological scaffold for tissue regeneration is considered one of the widely used biomaterials for tissue engineering and medical applications. It is hierarchically organized: five laterally staggered molecules are packed within fibrils, arranged into fascicles and bundles. The str...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/13/4753 |
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| author | Alberta Terzi Nunzia Gallo Teresa Sibillano Davide Altamura Annalia Masi Rocco Lassandro Alessandro Sannino Luca Salvatore Oliver Bunk Cinzia Giannini Liberato De Caro |
| author_facet | Alberta Terzi Nunzia Gallo Teresa Sibillano Davide Altamura Annalia Masi Rocco Lassandro Alessandro Sannino Luca Salvatore Oliver Bunk Cinzia Giannini Liberato De Caro |
| author_sort | Alberta Terzi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Type I collagen physiological scaffold for tissue regeneration is considered one of the widely used biomaterials for tissue engineering and medical applications. It is hierarchically organized: five laterally staggered molecules are packed within fibrils, arranged into fascicles and bundles. The structural organization is correlated to the direction and intensity of the forces which can be loaded onto the tissue. For a tissue-specific regeneration, the required macro- and microstructure of a suitable biomaterial has been largely investigated. Conversely, the function of multiscale structural integrity has been much less explored but is crucial for scaffold design and application. In this work, collagen was extracted from different animal sources with protocols that alter its structure. Collagen of tendon shreds excised from cattle, horse, sheep and pig was structurally investigated by wide- and small-angle X-ray scattering techniques, at both molecular and supramolecular scales, and thermo-mechanically with thermal and load-bearing tests. Tendons were selected because of their resistance to chemical degradation and mechanical stresses. The multiscale structural integrity of tendons’ collagen was studied in relation to the animal source, anatomic location and source for collagen extraction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:36:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ac312851995442c589d4c79e99252e5b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:36:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-ac312851995442c589d4c79e99252e5b2023-11-18T16:59:23ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-06-011613475310.3390/ma16134753Travelling through the Natural Hierarchies of Type I Collagen with X-rays: From Tendons of Cattle, Horses, Sheep and PigsAlberta Terzi0Nunzia Gallo1Teresa Sibillano2Davide Altamura3Annalia Masi4Rocco Lassandro5Alessandro Sannino6Luca Salvatore7Oliver Bunk8Cinzia Giannini9Liberato De Caro10Institute of Crystallography, National Research Council, 70125 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, ItalyInstitute of Crystallography, National Research Council, 70125 Bari, ItalyInstitute of Crystallography, National Research Council, 70125 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, ItalyInstitute of Crystallography, National Research Council, 70125 Bari, ItalyDepartment of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, ItalyDepartment of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, ItalyPaul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen PSI, SwitzerlandInstitute of Crystallography, National Research Council, 70125 Bari, ItalyInstitute of Crystallography, National Research Council, 70125 Bari, ItalyType I collagen physiological scaffold for tissue regeneration is considered one of the widely used biomaterials for tissue engineering and medical applications. It is hierarchically organized: five laterally staggered molecules are packed within fibrils, arranged into fascicles and bundles. The structural organization is correlated to the direction and intensity of the forces which can be loaded onto the tissue. For a tissue-specific regeneration, the required macro- and microstructure of a suitable biomaterial has been largely investigated. Conversely, the function of multiscale structural integrity has been much less explored but is crucial for scaffold design and application. In this work, collagen was extracted from different animal sources with protocols that alter its structure. Collagen of tendon shreds excised from cattle, horse, sheep and pig was structurally investigated by wide- and small-angle X-ray scattering techniques, at both molecular and supramolecular scales, and thermo-mechanically with thermal and load-bearing tests. Tendons were selected because of their resistance to chemical degradation and mechanical stresses. The multiscale structural integrity of tendons’ collagen was studied in relation to the animal source, anatomic location and source for collagen extraction.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/13/4753biomaterialtype I collagentissue regenerationWAXSSAXSmechanical properties |
| spellingShingle | Alberta Terzi Nunzia Gallo Teresa Sibillano Davide Altamura Annalia Masi Rocco Lassandro Alessandro Sannino Luca Salvatore Oliver Bunk Cinzia Giannini Liberato De Caro Travelling through the Natural Hierarchies of Type I Collagen with X-rays: From Tendons of Cattle, Horses, Sheep and Pigs Materials biomaterial type I collagen tissue regeneration WAXS SAXS mechanical properties |
| title | Travelling through the Natural Hierarchies of Type I Collagen with X-rays: From Tendons of Cattle, Horses, Sheep and Pigs |
| title_full | Travelling through the Natural Hierarchies of Type I Collagen with X-rays: From Tendons of Cattle, Horses, Sheep and Pigs |
| title_fullStr | Travelling through the Natural Hierarchies of Type I Collagen with X-rays: From Tendons of Cattle, Horses, Sheep and Pigs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Travelling through the Natural Hierarchies of Type I Collagen with X-rays: From Tendons of Cattle, Horses, Sheep and Pigs |
| title_short | Travelling through the Natural Hierarchies of Type I Collagen with X-rays: From Tendons of Cattle, Horses, Sheep and Pigs |
| title_sort | travelling through the natural hierarchies of type i collagen with x rays from tendons of cattle horses sheep and pigs |
| topic | biomaterial type I collagen tissue regeneration WAXS SAXS mechanical properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/13/4753 |
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