Small-Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Proteasome-Associated Deubiquitinases
The 26S proteasome is the principal protease for regulated intracellular proteolysis. This multi-subunit complex is also pivotal for clearance of harmful proteins that are produced throughout the lifetime of eukaryotes. Recent structural and kinetic studies have revealed a multitude of conformationa...
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/12/6213 |
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| author | Seonghyeon Moon Srinivasan Muniyappan Sung-Bae Lee Byung-Hoon Lee |
| author_facet | Seonghyeon Moon Srinivasan Muniyappan Sung-Bae Lee Byung-Hoon Lee |
| author_sort | Seonghyeon Moon |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The 26S proteasome is the principal protease for regulated intracellular proteolysis. This multi-subunit complex is also pivotal for clearance of harmful proteins that are produced throughout the lifetime of eukaryotes. Recent structural and kinetic studies have revealed a multitude of conformational states of the proteasome in substrate-free and substrate-engaged forms. These conformational transitions demonstrate that proteasome is a highly dynamic machinery during substrate processing that can be also controlled by a number of proteasome-associated factors. Essentially, three distinct family of deubiquitinases–USP14, RPN11, and UCH37–are associated with the 19S regulatory particle of human proteasome. USP14 and UCH37 are capable of editing ubiquitin conjugates during the process of their dynamic engagement into the proteasome prior to the catalytic commitment. In contrast, RPN11-mediated deubiquitination is directly coupled to substrate degradation by sensing the proteasome’s conformational switch into the commitment steps. Therefore, proteasome-bound deubiquitinases are likely to tailor the degradation events in accordance with substrate processing steps and for dynamic proteolysis outcomes. Recent chemical screening efforts have yielded highly selective small-molecule inhibitors for targeting proteasomal deubiquitinases, such as USP14 and RPN11. USP14 inhibitors, IU1 and its progeny, were found to promote the degradation of a subset of substrates probably by overriding USP14-imposed checkpoint on the proteasome. On the other hand, capzimin, a RPN11 inhibitor, stabilized the proteasome substrates and showed the anti-proliferative effects on cancer cells. It is highly conceivable that these specific inhibitors will aid to dissect the role of each deubiquitinase on the proteasome. Moreover, customized targeting of proteasome-associated deubiquitinases may also provide versatile therapeutic strategies for induced or repressed protein degradation depending on proteolytic demand and cellular context. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:35:26Z |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:35:26Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ac510387d6164407b12e79d4d468a7bf2023-11-21T23:20:38ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-06-012212621310.3390/ijms22126213Small-Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Proteasome-Associated DeubiquitinasesSeonghyeon Moon0Srinivasan Muniyappan1Sung-Bae Lee2Byung-Hoon Lee3Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, KoreaDepartment of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, KoreaProtein Dynamics-Based Proteotoxicity Control Lab, Basic Research Lab, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, KoreaDepartment of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, KoreaThe 26S proteasome is the principal protease for regulated intracellular proteolysis. This multi-subunit complex is also pivotal for clearance of harmful proteins that are produced throughout the lifetime of eukaryotes. Recent structural and kinetic studies have revealed a multitude of conformational states of the proteasome in substrate-free and substrate-engaged forms. These conformational transitions demonstrate that proteasome is a highly dynamic machinery during substrate processing that can be also controlled by a number of proteasome-associated factors. Essentially, three distinct family of deubiquitinases–USP14, RPN11, and UCH37–are associated with the 19S regulatory particle of human proteasome. USP14 and UCH37 are capable of editing ubiquitin conjugates during the process of their dynamic engagement into the proteasome prior to the catalytic commitment. In contrast, RPN11-mediated deubiquitination is directly coupled to substrate degradation by sensing the proteasome’s conformational switch into the commitment steps. Therefore, proteasome-bound deubiquitinases are likely to tailor the degradation events in accordance with substrate processing steps and for dynamic proteolysis outcomes. Recent chemical screening efforts have yielded highly selective small-molecule inhibitors for targeting proteasomal deubiquitinases, such as USP14 and RPN11. USP14 inhibitors, IU1 and its progeny, were found to promote the degradation of a subset of substrates probably by overriding USP14-imposed checkpoint on the proteasome. On the other hand, capzimin, a RPN11 inhibitor, stabilized the proteasome substrates and showed the anti-proliferative effects on cancer cells. It is highly conceivable that these specific inhibitors will aid to dissect the role of each deubiquitinase on the proteasome. Moreover, customized targeting of proteasome-associated deubiquitinases may also provide versatile therapeutic strategies for induced or repressed protein degradation depending on proteolytic demand and cellular context.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/12/6213proteasomeproteolysisdeubiquitinaseUSP14UCH37RPN11 |
| spellingShingle | Seonghyeon Moon Srinivasan Muniyappan Sung-Bae Lee Byung-Hoon Lee Small-Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Proteasome-Associated Deubiquitinases International Journal of Molecular Sciences proteasome proteolysis deubiquitinase USP14 UCH37 RPN11 |
| title | Small-Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Proteasome-Associated Deubiquitinases |
| title_full | Small-Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Proteasome-Associated Deubiquitinases |
| title_fullStr | Small-Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Proteasome-Associated Deubiquitinases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Small-Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Proteasome-Associated Deubiquitinases |
| title_short | Small-Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Proteasome-Associated Deubiquitinases |
| title_sort | small molecule inhibitors targeting proteasome associated deubiquitinases |
| topic | proteasome proteolysis deubiquitinase USP14 UCH37 RPN11 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/12/6213 |
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