Topical anesthesia
Topical anesthetics are being widely used in numerous medical and surgical sub-specialties such as anesthesia, ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology, dentistry, urology, and aesthetic surgery. They cause superficial loss of pain sensation after direct application. Their delivery and effectiveness can b...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2015-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.joacp.org/article.asp?issn=0970-9185;year=2015;volume=31;issue=4;spage=450;epage=456;aulast=Kumar |
| _version_ | 1811319118296514560 |
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| author | Mritunjay Kumar Rajiv Chawla Manish Goyal |
| author_facet | Mritunjay Kumar Rajiv Chawla Manish Goyal |
| author_sort | Mritunjay Kumar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Topical anesthetics are being widely used in numerous medical and surgical sub-specialties such as anesthesia, ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology, dentistry, urology, and aesthetic surgery. They cause superficial loss of pain sensation after direct application. Their delivery and effectiveness can be enhanced by using free bases; by increasing the drug concentration, lowering the melting point; by using physical and chemical permeation enhancers and lipid delivery vesicles. Various topical anesthetic agents available for use are eutectic mixture of local anesthetics, ELA-max, lidocaine, epinephrine, tetracaine, bupivanor, 4% tetracaine, benzocaine, proparacaine, Betacaine-LA, topicaine, lidoderm, S-caine patch™ and local anesthetic peel. While using them, careful attention must be paid to their pharmacology, area and duration of application, age and weight of the patients and possible side-effects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T12:37:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ac68dd5ef410435b9ed94dc8de84d7e0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0970-9185 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T12:37:22Z |
| publishDate | 2015-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-ac68dd5ef410435b9ed94dc8de84d7e02022-12-22T02:46:37ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology0970-91852015-01-0131445045610.4103/0970-9185.169049Topical anesthesiaMritunjay KumarRajiv ChawlaManish GoyalTopical anesthetics are being widely used in numerous medical and surgical sub-specialties such as anesthesia, ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology, dentistry, urology, and aesthetic surgery. They cause superficial loss of pain sensation after direct application. Their delivery and effectiveness can be enhanced by using free bases; by increasing the drug concentration, lowering the melting point; by using physical and chemical permeation enhancers and lipid delivery vesicles. Various topical anesthetic agents available for use are eutectic mixture of local anesthetics, ELA-max, lidocaine, epinephrine, tetracaine, bupivanor, 4% tetracaine, benzocaine, proparacaine, Betacaine-LA, topicaine, lidoderm, S-caine patch™ and local anesthetic peel. While using them, careful attention must be paid to their pharmacology, area and duration of application, age and weight of the patients and possible side-effects.http://www.joacp.org/article.asp?issn=0970-9185;year=2015;volume=31;issue=4;spage=450;epage=456;aulast=KumarTopical anesthesiaEutectic mixture of local anestheticsiontophoresislocal anestheticskin permeation enhancersonophoresisuses and side-effects of topical anesthetics |
| spellingShingle | Mritunjay Kumar Rajiv Chawla Manish Goyal Topical anesthesia Journal of Anaesthesiology Clinical Pharmacology Topical anesthesia Eutectic mixture of local anesthetics iontophoresis local anesthetic skin permeation enhancer sonophoresis uses and side-effects of topical anesthetics |
| title | Topical anesthesia |
| title_full | Topical anesthesia |
| title_fullStr | Topical anesthesia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Topical anesthesia |
| title_short | Topical anesthesia |
| title_sort | topical anesthesia |
| topic | Topical anesthesia Eutectic mixture of local anesthetics iontophoresis local anesthetic skin permeation enhancer sonophoresis uses and side-effects of topical anesthetics |
| url | http://www.joacp.org/article.asp?issn=0970-9185;year=2015;volume=31;issue=4;spage=450;epage=456;aulast=Kumar |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mritunjaykumar topicalanesthesia AT rajivchawla topicalanesthesia AT manishgoyal topicalanesthesia |