Production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using ZnCuO/N-doped graphene nanocomposite as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst
The use of heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production can reduce the price of separation process and therefore minimize the biodiesel cost. ZnCuO/N-doped graphene (NDG) catalyst synthesized by facile mechanochemical procedure was tested in the transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) with...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Arabian Journal of Chemistry |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535220305438 |
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| author | Mufsir Kuniyil J.V. Shanmukha Kumar Syed Farooq Adil Mohamed E. Assal Mohammed Rafi Shaik Mujeeb Khan Abdulrahman Al-Warthan Mohammed Rafiq H. Siddiqui |
| author_facet | Mufsir Kuniyil J.V. Shanmukha Kumar Syed Farooq Adil Mohamed E. Assal Mohammed Rafi Shaik Mujeeb Khan Abdulrahman Al-Warthan Mohammed Rafiq H. Siddiqui |
| author_sort | Mufsir Kuniyil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The use of heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production can reduce the price of separation process and therefore minimize the biodiesel cost. ZnCuO/N-doped graphene (NDG) catalyst synthesized by facile mechanochemical procedure was tested in the transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) with methanol to produce biodiesel. The effects of catalyst loading (0–15 wt%), weight percentage of NDG (10–100%), methanol to oil molar ratio (6:1–18:1), reaction time (2–10 h) and reaction temperature (120–200 °C) were systematically studied at the optimal conditions. Additionally, the properties of the fabricated catalysts were assessed via XRD, FTIR, N2 sorption studies, HRTEM, TGA and Raman spectroscopy. It was found that the ZnCuO/(X%)NDG nanocomposites exhibit enhanced catalytic performance when compared with the ZnCuO catalyst (without NDG) under the identical conditions. The efficacy of the ZnCuO/(X%)NDG nanocomposites has improved owing to the inclusion of NDG in the catalytic system, which in-turn enhanced the properties of the mixed metal oxides (MMO’s) such as surface area, defective sites to a great extent. The ZnCuO/(30%)NDG catalyst displayed a highest catalytic activity towards transesterification of WCO (97.1%) at the optimized conditions of 10 wt% catalyst loading, 15:1 methanol:oil molar ratio, 8 h reaction time and 180 °C reaction temperature. Moreover, the recovered catalyst was successfully reused six cycles with no discernible loss in its activity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T03:10:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ac782f0755b24730a93ca684a72e6b05 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1878-5352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T03:10:06Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Arabian Journal of Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-ac782f0755b24730a93ca684a72e6b052022-12-21T19:55:29ZengElsevierArabian Journal of Chemistry1878-53522021-03-01143102982Production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using ZnCuO/N-doped graphene nanocomposite as an efficient heterogeneous catalystMufsir Kuniyil0J.V. Shanmukha Kumar1Syed Farooq Adil2Mohamed E. Assal3Mohammed Rafi Shaik4Mujeeb Khan5Abdulrahman Al-Warthan6Mohammed Rafiq H. Siddiqui7Department of Chemistry, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522502, Andhra Pradesh, IndiaDepartment of Chemistry, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur 522502, Andhra Pradesh, India; Corresponding authors.Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Corresponding authors.Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaThe use of heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production can reduce the price of separation process and therefore minimize the biodiesel cost. ZnCuO/N-doped graphene (NDG) catalyst synthesized by facile mechanochemical procedure was tested in the transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) with methanol to produce biodiesel. The effects of catalyst loading (0–15 wt%), weight percentage of NDG (10–100%), methanol to oil molar ratio (6:1–18:1), reaction time (2–10 h) and reaction temperature (120–200 °C) were systematically studied at the optimal conditions. Additionally, the properties of the fabricated catalysts were assessed via XRD, FTIR, N2 sorption studies, HRTEM, TGA and Raman spectroscopy. It was found that the ZnCuO/(X%)NDG nanocomposites exhibit enhanced catalytic performance when compared with the ZnCuO catalyst (without NDG) under the identical conditions. The efficacy of the ZnCuO/(X%)NDG nanocomposites has improved owing to the inclusion of NDG in the catalytic system, which in-turn enhanced the properties of the mixed metal oxides (MMO’s) such as surface area, defective sites to a great extent. The ZnCuO/(30%)NDG catalyst displayed a highest catalytic activity towards transesterification of WCO (97.1%) at the optimized conditions of 10 wt% catalyst loading, 15:1 methanol:oil molar ratio, 8 h reaction time and 180 °C reaction temperature. Moreover, the recovered catalyst was successfully reused six cycles with no discernible loss in its activity.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535220305438TransesterificationN-doped grapheneWaste cooking oilBiodieselNanocomposite |
| spellingShingle | Mufsir Kuniyil J.V. Shanmukha Kumar Syed Farooq Adil Mohamed E. Assal Mohammed Rafi Shaik Mujeeb Khan Abdulrahman Al-Warthan Mohammed Rafiq H. Siddiqui Production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using ZnCuO/N-doped graphene nanocomposite as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst Arabian Journal of Chemistry Transesterification N-doped graphene Waste cooking oil Biodiesel Nanocomposite |
| title | Production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using ZnCuO/N-doped graphene nanocomposite as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst |
| title_full | Production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using ZnCuO/N-doped graphene nanocomposite as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst |
| title_fullStr | Production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using ZnCuO/N-doped graphene nanocomposite as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst |
| title_full_unstemmed | Production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using ZnCuO/N-doped graphene nanocomposite as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst |
| title_short | Production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using ZnCuO/N-doped graphene nanocomposite as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst |
| title_sort | production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil using zncuo n doped graphene nanocomposite as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst |
| topic | Transesterification N-doped graphene Waste cooking oil Biodiesel Nanocomposite |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1878535220305438 |
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