Evaluation of Limited Joint Mobility of the Hand and Associated Factors among Diabetic and Non Diabetic Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Southern Ethiopia: A Case-control Study
Introduction: Limited Joint Mobility (LJM) is one of the longterm complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). It is a widespread problem among patients with DM, affecting more than twothirds of diabetic patients. It is known that LJM predominantly affects the mobility of upper limb joints, especially...
Main Authors: | , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Pvt. Ltd.
2022-01-01
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Series: | International Journal of Anatomy Radiology and Surgery |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.ijars.net/articles/PDF/2738/49096_CE[Ra1]_F(SHU)_PF1(AKA_SS)_PFA(AKA_KM)_PN(KM).pdf |
Summary: | Introduction: Limited Joint Mobility (LJM) is one of the longterm complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). It is a widespread
problem among patients with DM, affecting more than twothirds of diabetic patients. It is known that LJM predominantly
affects the mobility of upper limb joints, especially those of
the hand, and is often neglected until hand deformity is severe
enough to interfere with daily life. Even though various studies
in developed countries have revealed a significantly higher rate
of LJM among diabetic patients, there is limited evidence in
developing countries, specifically in Ethiopia.
Aim: To assess LJM of the hand and associated factors among
diabetic and non diabetic patients.
Materials and Methods: A hospital-based, case-control study
was conducted on 240 participants in Arba Minch General
Hospital, Southern Ethiopia from November 2018 to May 2019.
The range of flexion and extension motions of individual hand
joints {wrist, Metacarpophalangeal (MCP), first Interphalangeal
(IP), Proximal Interphalangeal (PIP), and Distal Interphalangeal
(DIP)} were measured by using a Goniometer. The collected
data was entered into Epi (Epidemiological) Info version 3.2 and
transferred to Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS)
version 20.0 for analysis. An independent t-test was conducted to
compare the mean and standard deviations of hand joint motions
among diabetic and non diabetic groups. Logistic regression
was used to assess the association between the dependent
and independent factors. The p-value <0.05 was considered as
statistically significant.
Results: A total of 234 participants (response rate of 97.5% ,117
diabetic cases and 117 non diabetic controls) were included in
the study. The magnitude of LJM among diabetic cases was
17.1%, whereas in non diabetic controls, it accounted for 4.3%.
The composite score mean (±SD) of hand flexion in diabetic
patients was 1088.75±860, which is significantly lower (p<0.05)
than in non diabetic patients, 1117.75±82.880, and hand
extension in diabetic patients was 227.98±87.220, which was
significantly lower than in non diabetic patients, 276.96±78.180.
Age >50 years {AOR: 3.9 (1.14-13.36) with p=0.03} and comorbidity with hypertension {AOR: 3.26 (1.02-10.41) with
p=0.04} were identified as significant associated factors for
LJM in diabetic patients.
Conclusion: In diabetic patients, flexion and extension movements
of hand joints were significantly reduced compared to those of non
diabetic patients. Advanced age and co-morbidity with hypertension
were significantly associated with LJM in the current study. |
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ISSN: | 2277-8543 2455-6874 |