Respiratory Management of the Preterm Infant: Supporting Evidence-Based Practice at the Bedside
Extremely preterm infants frequently require some form of respiratory assistance to facilitate the cardiopulmonary transition that occurs in the first hours of life. Current resuscitation guidelines identify as a primary determinant of overall newborn survival the establishment, immediately after bi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Children |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/10/3/535 |
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| author | Milena Tana Chiara Tirone Claudia Aurilia Alessandra Lio Angela Paladini Simona Fattore Alice Esposito Davide De Tomaso Giovanni Vento |
| author_facet | Milena Tana Chiara Tirone Claudia Aurilia Alessandra Lio Angela Paladini Simona Fattore Alice Esposito Davide De Tomaso Giovanni Vento |
| author_sort | Milena Tana |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Extremely preterm infants frequently require some form of respiratory assistance to facilitate the cardiopulmonary transition that occurs in the first hours of life. Current resuscitation guidelines identify as a primary determinant of overall newborn survival the establishment, immediately after birth, of adequate lung inflation and ventilation to ensure an adequate functional residual capacity. Any respiratory support provided, however, is an important contributing factor to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The risks correlated to invasive ventilatory techniques increase inversely with gestational age. Preterm infants are born at an early stage of lung development and are more susceptible to lung injury deriving from mechanical ventilation. Any approach aiming to reduce the global burden of preterm lung disease must implement lung-protective ventilation strategies that begin from the newborn’s first breaths in the delivery room. Neonatologists today must be able to manage both invasive and noninvasive forms of respiratory assistance to treat a spectrum of lung diseases ranging from acute to chronic conditions. We searched PubMed for articles on preterm infant respiratory assistance. Our narrative review provides an evidence-based overview on the respiratory management of preterm infants, especially in the acute phase of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, starting from the delivery room and continuing in the neonatal intensive care unit, including a section regarding exogenous surfactant therapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:44:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ac8f5c6c15854d58bb253a21bf47d289 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:44:23Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Children |
| spelling | doaj.art-ac8f5c6c15854d58bb253a21bf47d2892023-11-17T10:21:37ZengMDPI AGChildren2227-90672023-03-0110353510.3390/children10030535Respiratory Management of the Preterm Infant: Supporting Evidence-Based Practice at the BedsideMilena Tana0Chiara Tirone1Claudia Aurilia2Alessandra Lio3Angela Paladini4Simona Fattore5Alice Esposito6Davide De Tomaso7Giovanni Vento8Unità Operativa Complessa di Neonatologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyUnità Operativa Complessa di Neonatologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyUnità Operativa Complessa di Neonatologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyUnità Operativa Complessa di Neonatologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyUnità Operativa Complessa di Neonatologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyUnità Operativa Complessa di Neonatologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyUnità Operativa Complessa di Neonatologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyUnità Operativa Complessa di Neonatologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyUnità Operativa Complessa di Neonatologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyExtremely preterm infants frequently require some form of respiratory assistance to facilitate the cardiopulmonary transition that occurs in the first hours of life. Current resuscitation guidelines identify as a primary determinant of overall newborn survival the establishment, immediately after birth, of adequate lung inflation and ventilation to ensure an adequate functional residual capacity. Any respiratory support provided, however, is an important contributing factor to the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The risks correlated to invasive ventilatory techniques increase inversely with gestational age. Preterm infants are born at an early stage of lung development and are more susceptible to lung injury deriving from mechanical ventilation. Any approach aiming to reduce the global burden of preterm lung disease must implement lung-protective ventilation strategies that begin from the newborn’s first breaths in the delivery room. Neonatologists today must be able to manage both invasive and noninvasive forms of respiratory assistance to treat a spectrum of lung diseases ranging from acute to chronic conditions. We searched PubMed for articles on preterm infant respiratory assistance. Our narrative review provides an evidence-based overview on the respiratory management of preterm infants, especially in the acute phase of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, starting from the delivery room and continuing in the neonatal intensive care unit, including a section regarding exogenous surfactant therapy.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/10/3/535preterm infantsrespiratory managementrespiratory distress syndrome |
| spellingShingle | Milena Tana Chiara Tirone Claudia Aurilia Alessandra Lio Angela Paladini Simona Fattore Alice Esposito Davide De Tomaso Giovanni Vento Respiratory Management of the Preterm Infant: Supporting Evidence-Based Practice at the Bedside Children preterm infants respiratory management respiratory distress syndrome |
| title | Respiratory Management of the Preterm Infant: Supporting Evidence-Based Practice at the Bedside |
| title_full | Respiratory Management of the Preterm Infant: Supporting Evidence-Based Practice at the Bedside |
| title_fullStr | Respiratory Management of the Preterm Infant: Supporting Evidence-Based Practice at the Bedside |
| title_full_unstemmed | Respiratory Management of the Preterm Infant: Supporting Evidence-Based Practice at the Bedside |
| title_short | Respiratory Management of the Preterm Infant: Supporting Evidence-Based Practice at the Bedside |
| title_sort | respiratory management of the preterm infant supporting evidence based practice at the bedside |
| topic | preterm infants respiratory management respiratory distress syndrome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/10/3/535 |
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