Short- and Long-Term Study of the Impact of Focal Blue Light-Emitting Diode-Induced Phototoxicity in Adult Albino Rats
Background: In adult rats we study the short- and long-term effects of focal blue light-emitting diode (LED)-induced phototoxicity (LIP) on retinal thickness and Iba-1<sup>+</sup> activation. Methods: The left eyes of previously dark-adapted Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were photoexposed to...
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/18/9742 |
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| author | Juan A. Miralles de Imperial-Ollero Alejandro Gallego-Ortega María Norte-Muñoz Johnny Di Pierdomenico José Manuel Bernal-Garro Francisco J. Valiente-Soriano Manuel Vidal-Sanz |
| author_facet | Juan A. Miralles de Imperial-Ollero Alejandro Gallego-Ortega María Norte-Muñoz Johnny Di Pierdomenico José Manuel Bernal-Garro Francisco J. Valiente-Soriano Manuel Vidal-Sanz |
| author_sort | Juan A. Miralles de Imperial-Ollero |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: In adult rats we study the short- and long-term effects of focal blue light-emitting diode (LED)-induced phototoxicity (LIP) on retinal thickness and Iba-1<sup>+</sup> activation. Methods: The left eyes of previously dark-adapted Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were photoexposed to a blue LED (20 s, 200 lux). In vivo longitudinal monitoring of retinal thickness, fundus images, and optical retinal sections was performed from 1 to 30 days (d) after LIP with SD-OCT. Ex vivo, we analysed the population of S-cone and Iba-1<sup>+</sup> cells within a predetermined fixed-size circular area (PCA) centred on the lesion. Results: LIP resulted in a circular focal lesion readily identifiable in vivo by fundus examination, which showed within the PCAs a progressive thinning of the outer retinal layer, and a diminution of the S-cone population to 19% by 30 d. In parallel to S-cone loss, activated Iba-1<sup>+</sup> cells delineated the lesioned area and acquired an ameboid morphology with peak expression at 3 d after LIP. Iba-1<sup>+</sup> cells adopted a more relaxed-branched morphology at 7 d and by 14–30 d their morphology was fully branched. Conclusion: LIP caused a progressive reduction of the outer retina with loss of S cones and a parallel dynamic activation of microglial cells in the lesioned area. |
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| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:37:00Z |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ac968163f1cf46e4bf466d433e98b0a72023-11-22T13:26:48ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-09-012218974210.3390/ijms22189742Short- and Long-Term Study of the Impact of Focal Blue Light-Emitting Diode-Induced Phototoxicity in Adult Albino RatsJuan A. Miralles de Imperial-Ollero0Alejandro Gallego-Ortega1María Norte-Muñoz2Johnny Di Pierdomenico3José Manuel Bernal-Garro4Francisco J. Valiente-Soriano5Manuel Vidal-Sanz6Departamento de Oftalmología, Universidad de Murcia e Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Virgen de la Arrixaca, Campus de CC de la Salud, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, SpainDepartamento de Oftalmología, Universidad de Murcia e Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Virgen de la Arrixaca, Campus de CC de la Salud, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, SpainDepartamento de Oftalmología, Universidad de Murcia e Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Virgen de la Arrixaca, Campus de CC de la Salud, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, SpainDepartamento de Oftalmología, Universidad de Murcia e Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Virgen de la Arrixaca, Campus de CC de la Salud, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, SpainDepartamento de Oftalmología, Universidad de Murcia e Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Virgen de la Arrixaca, Campus de CC de la Salud, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, SpainDepartamento de Oftalmología, Universidad de Murcia e Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Virgen de la Arrixaca, Campus de CC de la Salud, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, SpainDepartamento de Oftalmología, Universidad de Murcia e Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) Virgen de la Arrixaca, Campus de CC de la Salud, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, SpainBackground: In adult rats we study the short- and long-term effects of focal blue light-emitting diode (LED)-induced phototoxicity (LIP) on retinal thickness and Iba-1<sup>+</sup> activation. Methods: The left eyes of previously dark-adapted Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were photoexposed to a blue LED (20 s, 200 lux). In vivo longitudinal monitoring of retinal thickness, fundus images, and optical retinal sections was performed from 1 to 30 days (d) after LIP with SD-OCT. Ex vivo, we analysed the population of S-cone and Iba-1<sup>+</sup> cells within a predetermined fixed-size circular area (PCA) centred on the lesion. Results: LIP resulted in a circular focal lesion readily identifiable in vivo by fundus examination, which showed within the PCAs a progressive thinning of the outer retinal layer, and a diminution of the S-cone population to 19% by 30 d. In parallel to S-cone loss, activated Iba-1<sup>+</sup> cells delineated the lesioned area and acquired an ameboid morphology with peak expression at 3 d after LIP. Iba-1<sup>+</sup> cells adopted a more relaxed-branched morphology at 7 d and by 14–30 d their morphology was fully branched. Conclusion: LIP caused a progressive reduction of the outer retina with loss of S cones and a parallel dynamic activation of microglial cells in the lesioned area.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/18/9742LED-induced phototoxicitymicroglia activationcone photoreceptoradult albino rat |
| spellingShingle | Juan A. Miralles de Imperial-Ollero Alejandro Gallego-Ortega María Norte-Muñoz Johnny Di Pierdomenico José Manuel Bernal-Garro Francisco J. Valiente-Soriano Manuel Vidal-Sanz Short- and Long-Term Study of the Impact of Focal Blue Light-Emitting Diode-Induced Phototoxicity in Adult Albino Rats International Journal of Molecular Sciences LED-induced phototoxicity microglia activation cone photoreceptor adult albino rat |
| title | Short- and Long-Term Study of the Impact of Focal Blue Light-Emitting Diode-Induced Phototoxicity in Adult Albino Rats |
| title_full | Short- and Long-Term Study of the Impact of Focal Blue Light-Emitting Diode-Induced Phototoxicity in Adult Albino Rats |
| title_fullStr | Short- and Long-Term Study of the Impact of Focal Blue Light-Emitting Diode-Induced Phototoxicity in Adult Albino Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Short- and Long-Term Study of the Impact of Focal Blue Light-Emitting Diode-Induced Phototoxicity in Adult Albino Rats |
| title_short | Short- and Long-Term Study of the Impact of Focal Blue Light-Emitting Diode-Induced Phototoxicity in Adult Albino Rats |
| title_sort | short and long term study of the impact of focal blue light emitting diode induced phototoxicity in adult albino rats |
| topic | LED-induced phototoxicity microglia activation cone photoreceptor adult albino rat |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/18/9742 |
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