The spatial response pattern of coseismic landslides induced by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake to the surface deformation and Coulomb stress change revealed from InSAR observations
The 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake triggered plenty of coseismic giant landslides, which resulted in almost one third of total fatalities and economic losses during the event. Previous studies investigated the spatial relations between landslide distribution and topographic and seismic factors such...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2020-05-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Applied Earth Observations and Geoinformation |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303243419309778 |
| _version_ | 1818245385226813440 |
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| author | Xianwen Liu Qiang Chen Jingjing Zhao Qian Xu Rong Luo Yijun Zhang Yinghui Yang Guoxiang Liu |
| author_facet | Xianwen Liu Qiang Chen Jingjing Zhao Qian Xu Rong Luo Yijun Zhang Yinghui Yang Guoxiang Liu |
| author_sort | Xianwen Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake triggered plenty of coseismic giant landslides, which resulted in almost one third of total fatalities and economic losses during the event. Previous studies investigated the spatial relations between landslide distribution and topographic and seismic factors such as elevation, slope aspect, distance from rupture trace and seismic intensity. However, few studies are performed exploring the effects of coseismic surface deformation and Coulomb stress change on triggering landslides due to lack of adequate deformation observation data and stress calculation model for slope failure. In this study, we develop an envelope method to map an entire coseismic deformation field in both near- and far-field areas of seismic faults through the data fusion from InSAR and pixel offset-tracking (POT) techniques. The change in static Coulomb stress (SCS) acting on coseismic landsliding surface caused by the event is determined using the faulting model derived from the joint inversion of InSAR and GPS data, and also with the use of the elastic half-space dislocation theory and the generalized Hook’s law. The analysis suggests the spatial response pattern of seismic landslides to the coseismic ground motion and stress change, especially in the vicinity of fault rupture trace. The landslide density dramatically rises with the stress increase within the range from Yingxiu to Beichuan areas along the major surface rupture. Moving further and eastward along the fault strike, most of large landslides are triggered as the zone of positive SCS change narrows. Moreover, the high-magnitude surface displacements are possibly responsible for the giant landsliding events in the easternmost section. From the analysis of the stress transfer, the occurrence of landslides in the study area is largely controlled by the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault with overwhelming rupture length and fault slip, yet the Pengguan fault indeed shows dominance in the area between the two faults. The results show that coseismic surface deformation (derived from InSAR data in this study) and static Coulomb stress change can serve as two significant controlling factors on seismic landslide distribution and that the stress factor seems more significant in the vicinity of surface rupture. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1569-8432 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T14:32:04Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | International Journal of Applied Earth Observations and Geoinformation |
| spelling | doaj.art-aca37e031a654da19e40799d19ec88072022-12-22T00:21:28ZengElsevierInternational Journal of Applied Earth Observations and Geoinformation1569-84322020-05-0187102030The spatial response pattern of coseismic landslides induced by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake to the surface deformation and Coulomb stress change revealed from InSAR observationsXianwen Liu0Qiang Chen1Jingjing Zhao2Qian Xu3Rong Luo4Yijun Zhang5Yinghui Yang6Guoxiang Liu7Department of Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, ChinaCorresponding author.; Department of Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Remote Sensing and Geoinformation Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, ChinaThe 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake triggered plenty of coseismic giant landslides, which resulted in almost one third of total fatalities and economic losses during the event. Previous studies investigated the spatial relations between landslide distribution and topographic and seismic factors such as elevation, slope aspect, distance from rupture trace and seismic intensity. However, few studies are performed exploring the effects of coseismic surface deformation and Coulomb stress change on triggering landslides due to lack of adequate deformation observation data and stress calculation model for slope failure. In this study, we develop an envelope method to map an entire coseismic deformation field in both near- and far-field areas of seismic faults through the data fusion from InSAR and pixel offset-tracking (POT) techniques. The change in static Coulomb stress (SCS) acting on coseismic landsliding surface caused by the event is determined using the faulting model derived from the joint inversion of InSAR and GPS data, and also with the use of the elastic half-space dislocation theory and the generalized Hook’s law. The analysis suggests the spatial response pattern of seismic landslides to the coseismic ground motion and stress change, especially in the vicinity of fault rupture trace. The landslide density dramatically rises with the stress increase within the range from Yingxiu to Beichuan areas along the major surface rupture. Moving further and eastward along the fault strike, most of large landslides are triggered as the zone of positive SCS change narrows. Moreover, the high-magnitude surface displacements are possibly responsible for the giant landsliding events in the easternmost section. From the analysis of the stress transfer, the occurrence of landslides in the study area is largely controlled by the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault with overwhelming rupture length and fault slip, yet the Pengguan fault indeed shows dominance in the area between the two faults. The results show that coseismic surface deformation (derived from InSAR data in this study) and static Coulomb stress change can serve as two significant controlling factors on seismic landslide distribution and that the stress factor seems more significant in the vicinity of surface rupture.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303243419309778SAR data fusionWenchuan earthquakeCoseismic landslidesCoseismic surface deformationSpatial pattern |
| spellingShingle | Xianwen Liu Qiang Chen Jingjing Zhao Qian Xu Rong Luo Yijun Zhang Yinghui Yang Guoxiang Liu The spatial response pattern of coseismic landslides induced by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake to the surface deformation and Coulomb stress change revealed from InSAR observations International Journal of Applied Earth Observations and Geoinformation SAR data fusion Wenchuan earthquake Coseismic landslides Coseismic surface deformation Spatial pattern |
| title | The spatial response pattern of coseismic landslides induced by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake to the surface deformation and Coulomb stress change revealed from InSAR observations |
| title_full | The spatial response pattern of coseismic landslides induced by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake to the surface deformation and Coulomb stress change revealed from InSAR observations |
| title_fullStr | The spatial response pattern of coseismic landslides induced by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake to the surface deformation and Coulomb stress change revealed from InSAR observations |
| title_full_unstemmed | The spatial response pattern of coseismic landslides induced by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake to the surface deformation and Coulomb stress change revealed from InSAR observations |
| title_short | The spatial response pattern of coseismic landslides induced by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake to the surface deformation and Coulomb stress change revealed from InSAR observations |
| title_sort | spatial response pattern of coseismic landslides induced by the 2008 wenchuan earthquake to the surface deformation and coulomb stress change revealed from insar observations |
| topic | SAR data fusion Wenchuan earthquake Coseismic landslides Coseismic surface deformation Spatial pattern |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303243419309778 |
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