Glycemia-Induced miRNA Changes: A Review
Diabetes is a rapidly increasing global health concern that significantly strains the health system due to its downstream complications. Dysregulation in glycemia represents one of the fundamental obstacles to achieving glycemic control in diabetic patients. Frequent hyperglycemia and/or hypoglycemi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/8/7488 |
| _version_ | 1797605102103560192 |
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| author | Sara Al-Mahayni Mohamed Ali Muhammad Khan Fatema Jamsheer Abu Saleh Md Moin Alexandra E. Butler |
| author_facet | Sara Al-Mahayni Mohamed Ali Muhammad Khan Fatema Jamsheer Abu Saleh Md Moin Alexandra E. Butler |
| author_sort | Sara Al-Mahayni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diabetes is a rapidly increasing global health concern that significantly strains the health system due to its downstream complications. Dysregulation in glycemia represents one of the fundamental obstacles to achieving glycemic control in diabetic patients. Frequent hyperglycemia and/or hypoglycemia events contribute to pathologies that disrupt cellular and metabolic processes, which may contribute to the development of macrovascular and microvascular complications, worsening the disease burden and mortality. miRNAs are small single-stranded non-coding RNAs that regulate cellular protein expression and have been linked to various diseases, including diabetes mellitus. miRNAs have proven useful in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of diabetes and its complications. There is a vast body of literature examining the role of miRNA biomarkers in diabetes, aiming for earlier diagnoses and improved treatment for diabetic patients. This article reviews the most recent literature discussing the role of specific miRNAs in glycemic control, platelet activity, and macrovascular and microvascular complications. Our review examines the different miRNAs involved in the pathological processes leading to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, such as endothelial dysfunction, pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, and insulin resistance. Furthermore, we discuss the potential applications of miRNAs as next-generation biomarkers in diabetes with the aim of preventing, treating, and reversing diabetes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:56:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-acbc9c3995e24d128553ff2e73cf9453 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:56:23Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-acbc9c3995e24d128553ff2e73cf94532023-11-17T19:41:12ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-04-01248748810.3390/ijms24087488Glycemia-Induced miRNA Changes: A ReviewSara Al-Mahayni0Mohamed Ali1Muhammad Khan2Fatema Jamsheer3Abu Saleh Md Moin4Alexandra E. Butler5School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Busaiteen 15503, BahrainSchool of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Busaiteen 15503, BahrainSchool of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Busaiteen 15503, BahrainSchool of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Busaiteen 15503, BahrainResearch Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Busaiteen 15503, BahrainResearch Department, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Bahrain, Busaiteen 15503, BahrainDiabetes is a rapidly increasing global health concern that significantly strains the health system due to its downstream complications. Dysregulation in glycemia represents one of the fundamental obstacles to achieving glycemic control in diabetic patients. Frequent hyperglycemia and/or hypoglycemia events contribute to pathologies that disrupt cellular and metabolic processes, which may contribute to the development of macrovascular and microvascular complications, worsening the disease burden and mortality. miRNAs are small single-stranded non-coding RNAs that regulate cellular protein expression and have been linked to various diseases, including diabetes mellitus. miRNAs have proven useful in the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of diabetes and its complications. There is a vast body of literature examining the role of miRNA biomarkers in diabetes, aiming for earlier diagnoses and improved treatment for diabetic patients. This article reviews the most recent literature discussing the role of specific miRNAs in glycemic control, platelet activity, and macrovascular and microvascular complications. Our review examines the different miRNAs involved in the pathological processes leading to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, such as endothelial dysfunction, pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, and insulin resistance. Furthermore, we discuss the potential applications of miRNAs as next-generation biomarkers in diabetes with the aim of preventing, treating, and reversing diabetes.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/8/7488miRNAdiabeteshypoglycemiahyperglycemiacomplications |
| spellingShingle | Sara Al-Mahayni Mohamed Ali Muhammad Khan Fatema Jamsheer Abu Saleh Md Moin Alexandra E. Butler Glycemia-Induced miRNA Changes: A Review International Journal of Molecular Sciences miRNA diabetes hypoglycemia hyperglycemia complications |
| title | Glycemia-Induced miRNA Changes: A Review |
| title_full | Glycemia-Induced miRNA Changes: A Review |
| title_fullStr | Glycemia-Induced miRNA Changes: A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Glycemia-Induced miRNA Changes: A Review |
| title_short | Glycemia-Induced miRNA Changes: A Review |
| title_sort | glycemia induced mirna changes a review |
| topic | miRNA diabetes hypoglycemia hyperglycemia complications |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/8/7488 |
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