High-energy Electromagnetic, Neutrino, and Cosmic-Ray Emission by Stellar-mass Black Holes in Disks of Active Galactic Nuclei
Some Seyfert galaxies are detected in high-energy gamma rays, but the mechanism and site of gamma-ray emission are unknown. Also, the origins of the cosmic high-energy neutrino and MeV gamma-ray backgrounds have been veiled in mystery since their discoveries. We propose emission from stellar-mass BH...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ace71d |
| _version_ | 1797688085550465024 |
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| author | Hiromichi Tagawa Shigeo S. Kimura Zoltán Haiman |
| author_facet | Hiromichi Tagawa Shigeo S. Kimura Zoltán Haiman |
| author_sort | Hiromichi Tagawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Some Seyfert galaxies are detected in high-energy gamma rays, but the mechanism and site of gamma-ray emission are unknown. Also, the origins of the cosmic high-energy neutrino and MeV gamma-ray backgrounds have been veiled in mystery since their discoveries. We propose emission from stellar-mass BHs (sBHs) embedded in disks of active galactic nuclei as their possible sources. These sBHs are predicted to launch jets due to the Blandford–Znajek mechanism, which can produce intense electromagnetic, neutrino, and cosmic-ray emissions. We investigate whether these emissions can be the sources of cosmic high-energy particles. We find that emission from internal shocks in the jets can explain gamma rays from nearby radio-quiet Seyfert galaxies including NGC 1068, if the Lorentz factor of the jets (Γ _j ) is high. On the other hand, for moderate Γ _j , the emission can significantly contribute to the background gamma-ray and neutrino intensities in the ~MeV and ≲PeV bands, respectively. Furthermore, for moderate Γ _j with efficient amplification of the magnetic field and cosmic-ray acceleration, the neutrino emission from NGC 1068 and the ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays can be explained. These results suggest that the neutrino flux from NGC 1068 as well as the background intensities of MeV gamma rays, neutrinos, and the ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays can be explained by a unified model. Future MeV gamma-ray satellites will test our scenario for neutrino emission. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:26:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-acd8299a9b4744f88774e76a36deb3df |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:26:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-acd8299a9b4744f88774e76a36deb3df2023-09-12T17:06:24ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572023-01-0195512310.3847/1538-4357/ace71dHigh-energy Electromagnetic, Neutrino, and Cosmic-Ray Emission by Stellar-mass Black Holes in Disks of Active Galactic NucleiHiromichi Tagawa0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5674-0644Shigeo S. Kimura1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2579-7266Zoltán Haiman2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3633-5403Department of Astronomy, Columbia University , 550 W. 120th St., New York, NY 10027, USA ; ht2613@columbia.edu; Astronomical Institute, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University , Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanAstronomical Institute, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University , Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan; Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University , Sendai 980-8578, JapanDepartment of Astronomy, Columbia University , 550 W. 120th St., New York, NY 10027, USA ; ht2613@columbia.eduSome Seyfert galaxies are detected in high-energy gamma rays, but the mechanism and site of gamma-ray emission are unknown. Also, the origins of the cosmic high-energy neutrino and MeV gamma-ray backgrounds have been veiled in mystery since their discoveries. We propose emission from stellar-mass BHs (sBHs) embedded in disks of active galactic nuclei as their possible sources. These sBHs are predicted to launch jets due to the Blandford–Znajek mechanism, which can produce intense electromagnetic, neutrino, and cosmic-ray emissions. We investigate whether these emissions can be the sources of cosmic high-energy particles. We find that emission from internal shocks in the jets can explain gamma rays from nearby radio-quiet Seyfert galaxies including NGC 1068, if the Lorentz factor of the jets (Γ _j ) is high. On the other hand, for moderate Γ _j , the emission can significantly contribute to the background gamma-ray and neutrino intensities in the ~MeV and ≲PeV bands, respectively. Furthermore, for moderate Γ _j with efficient amplification of the magnetic field and cosmic-ray acceleration, the neutrino emission from NGC 1068 and the ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays can be explained. These results suggest that the neutrino flux from NGC 1068 as well as the background intensities of MeV gamma rays, neutrinos, and the ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays can be explained by a unified model. Future MeV gamma-ray satellites will test our scenario for neutrino emission.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ace71dActive galactic nucleiHigh energy astrophysicsAstrophysical black holesNeutrino astronomyGamma-ray astronomyCosmic ray astronomy |
| spellingShingle | Hiromichi Tagawa Shigeo S. Kimura Zoltán Haiman High-energy Electromagnetic, Neutrino, and Cosmic-Ray Emission by Stellar-mass Black Holes in Disks of Active Galactic Nuclei The Astrophysical Journal Active galactic nuclei High energy astrophysics Astrophysical black holes Neutrino astronomy Gamma-ray astronomy Cosmic ray astronomy |
| title | High-energy Electromagnetic, Neutrino, and Cosmic-Ray Emission by Stellar-mass Black Holes in Disks of Active Galactic Nuclei |
| title_full | High-energy Electromagnetic, Neutrino, and Cosmic-Ray Emission by Stellar-mass Black Holes in Disks of Active Galactic Nuclei |
| title_fullStr | High-energy Electromagnetic, Neutrino, and Cosmic-Ray Emission by Stellar-mass Black Holes in Disks of Active Galactic Nuclei |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-energy Electromagnetic, Neutrino, and Cosmic-Ray Emission by Stellar-mass Black Holes in Disks of Active Galactic Nuclei |
| title_short | High-energy Electromagnetic, Neutrino, and Cosmic-Ray Emission by Stellar-mass Black Holes in Disks of Active Galactic Nuclei |
| title_sort | high energy electromagnetic neutrino and cosmic ray emission by stellar mass black holes in disks of active galactic nuclei |
| topic | Active galactic nuclei High energy astrophysics Astrophysical black holes Neutrino astronomy Gamma-ray astronomy Cosmic ray astronomy |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ace71d |
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