Ultrasonic Preparation of PN for the Photodegradation of 17β-Estradiol in Water and Biotoxicity Assessment of 17β-Estradiol after Degradation
This study prepares a novel phosphorene (PN) and loads it onto TiO<sub>2</sub> to fabricate PN-TiO<sub>2</sub> and effectively photodegrade the hydrophobic environmental hormone 17β-estradiol in aqueous solutions. The effect of the PN on degradation efficiency is systematical...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Catalysts |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/2/332 |
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| author | Kun Meng Kefu Zhou Chang-Tang Chang |
| author_facet | Kun Meng Kefu Zhou Chang-Tang Chang |
| author_sort | Kun Meng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study prepares a novel phosphorene (PN) and loads it onto TiO<sub>2</sub> to fabricate PN-TiO<sub>2</sub> and effectively photodegrade the hydrophobic environmental hormone 17β-estradiol in aqueous solutions. The effect of the PN on degradation efficiency is systematically investigated. It is observed that the doping of TiO<sub>2</sub> with PN significantly enhances its photocatalytic and adsorption properties compared with that in the absence of PN; that is, the addition improves the adsorption capability of the composite. The optimal PN weight content is found to be 0.5%. The performance of the PN-TiO<sub>2</sub> photocatalyst in degrading E2 is around 67.5%. However, its photodegradation efficiency gradually decreases when the PN content is further increased. This optimal PN content directly suggests synergistic interactions affecting the photodegrading efficiency. Compared with other PN-based photocatalysts mentioned in the literature, this PN-based material possesses striking advantages, such as higher energy efficiency, greater removal capacity, and superior cost-effectiveness. Further, the decrease in the biotoxicity of the water after treatment is evident in observing the development of zebrafish embryos. The studies of the catalyst performed on the zebrafish show that it results in a higher mortality rate at 96 h with a superior hatching rate and healthy fish development. In summary, the prepared PN-based materials exhibited promising photocatalytic capabilities for the removal and biotoxicity reduction of 17β-estradiol in aqueous solutions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:02:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ace3d402350540459728946350378caf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:02:14Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-ace3d402350540459728946350378caf2023-11-16T19:41:39ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442023-02-0113233210.3390/catal13020332Ultrasonic Preparation of PN for the Photodegradation of 17β-Estradiol in Water and Biotoxicity Assessment of 17β-Estradiol after DegradationKun Meng0Kefu Zhou1Chang-Tang Chang2Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, ChinaLaboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, ChinaDepartment of Environmental Engineering, National I-Lan University, Yilan 260007, TaiwanThis study prepares a novel phosphorene (PN) and loads it onto TiO<sub>2</sub> to fabricate PN-TiO<sub>2</sub> and effectively photodegrade the hydrophobic environmental hormone 17β-estradiol in aqueous solutions. The effect of the PN on degradation efficiency is systematically investigated. It is observed that the doping of TiO<sub>2</sub> with PN significantly enhances its photocatalytic and adsorption properties compared with that in the absence of PN; that is, the addition improves the adsorption capability of the composite. The optimal PN weight content is found to be 0.5%. The performance of the PN-TiO<sub>2</sub> photocatalyst in degrading E2 is around 67.5%. However, its photodegradation efficiency gradually decreases when the PN content is further increased. This optimal PN content directly suggests synergistic interactions affecting the photodegrading efficiency. Compared with other PN-based photocatalysts mentioned in the literature, this PN-based material possesses striking advantages, such as higher energy efficiency, greater removal capacity, and superior cost-effectiveness. Further, the decrease in the biotoxicity of the water after treatment is evident in observing the development of zebrafish embryos. The studies of the catalyst performed on the zebrafish show that it results in a higher mortality rate at 96 h with a superior hatching rate and healthy fish development. In summary, the prepared PN-based materials exhibited promising photocatalytic capabilities for the removal and biotoxicity reduction of 17β-estradiol in aqueous solutions.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/2/332PN-oxide hybridphotocatalysis17β-estradiol removalzebrafish embryos |
| spellingShingle | Kun Meng Kefu Zhou Chang-Tang Chang Ultrasonic Preparation of PN for the Photodegradation of 17β-Estradiol in Water and Biotoxicity Assessment of 17β-Estradiol after Degradation Catalysts PN-oxide hybrid photocatalysis 17β-estradiol removal zebrafish embryos |
| title | Ultrasonic Preparation of PN for the Photodegradation of 17β-Estradiol in Water and Biotoxicity Assessment of 17β-Estradiol after Degradation |
| title_full | Ultrasonic Preparation of PN for the Photodegradation of 17β-Estradiol in Water and Biotoxicity Assessment of 17β-Estradiol after Degradation |
| title_fullStr | Ultrasonic Preparation of PN for the Photodegradation of 17β-Estradiol in Water and Biotoxicity Assessment of 17β-Estradiol after Degradation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultrasonic Preparation of PN for the Photodegradation of 17β-Estradiol in Water and Biotoxicity Assessment of 17β-Estradiol after Degradation |
| title_short | Ultrasonic Preparation of PN for the Photodegradation of 17β-Estradiol in Water and Biotoxicity Assessment of 17β-Estradiol after Degradation |
| title_sort | ultrasonic preparation of pn for the photodegradation of 17β estradiol in water and biotoxicity assessment of 17β estradiol after degradation |
| topic | PN-oxide hybrid photocatalysis 17β-estradiol removal zebrafish embryos |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/2/332 |
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