Application of Superparamagnetic Nanoparticle (SPM-NP) Heating in Wax Removal during Crude Oil Pipeline Pigging
Mechanical pigging is a major wax removal technique in crude oil pipeline transportation. To lower the risk of pig stalling accidents in pigging, a superparamagnetic nanoparticle (SPM-NP) pigging system that consists of an electromagnetic pig and nanopaint is designed to soften the wax deposit and r...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/17/6464 |
| _version_ | 1797495486619320320 |
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| author | Hanqing Zhang Huiyuan Li Weidong Li Jianguang Wang Wenda Wang Yongjuan Zhang Lin Teng Pengbo Yin Xin Huang |
| author_facet | Hanqing Zhang Huiyuan Li Weidong Li Jianguang Wang Wenda Wang Yongjuan Zhang Lin Teng Pengbo Yin Xin Huang |
| author_sort | Hanqing Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Mechanical pigging is a major wax removal technique in crude oil pipeline transportation. To lower the risk of pig stalling accidents in pigging, a superparamagnetic nanoparticle (SPM-NP) pigging system that consists of an electromagnetic pig and nanopaint is designed to soften the wax deposit and reduce the wax resistive force. During pigging, the induction coil on the pig generates an alternating magnetic field, which induces heat production of the nanopaint on the pipe wall. The COMSOL software is used to simulate the temperature distribution of the wax layer. Yield stress measurements reveal that the wax layer yield stress is nearly linearly correlated to temperature. Compared with a regular pig, the SPM-NP pigging system reduces the wax resistive force by up to 20~40%, with an acceptable electrical current intensity of about 20 A in the given cases. Multiple factors affecting the wax layer temperature were analyzed. SPM-NP heating could be a promising technique for wax remediation and hydrate prevention. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:50:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ace62fae7a6c4e2ab94e7748fabecc09 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:50:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-ace62fae7a6c4e2ab94e7748fabecc092023-11-23T13:06:38ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732022-09-011517646410.3390/en15176464Application of Superparamagnetic Nanoparticle (SPM-NP) Heating in Wax Removal during Crude Oil Pipeline PiggingHanqing Zhang0Huiyuan Li1Weidong Li2Jianguang Wang3Wenda Wang4Yongjuan Zhang5Lin Teng6Pengbo Yin7Xin Huang8College of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, ChinaCNPC Research Institute of Safety Environment Technology, Beijing 102206, ChinaCollege of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, ChinaFujian Special Equipment Inspection and Research Institute, Fuzhou 350008, ChinaPetroChina Marketing Company, Beijing 100007, ChinaCNPC Research Institute of Safety Environment Technology, Beijing 102206, ChinaCollege of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, ChinaCollege of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, ChinaCollege of Chemical Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, ChinaMechanical pigging is a major wax removal technique in crude oil pipeline transportation. To lower the risk of pig stalling accidents in pigging, a superparamagnetic nanoparticle (SPM-NP) pigging system that consists of an electromagnetic pig and nanopaint is designed to soften the wax deposit and reduce the wax resistive force. During pigging, the induction coil on the pig generates an alternating magnetic field, which induces heat production of the nanopaint on the pipe wall. The COMSOL software is used to simulate the temperature distribution of the wax layer. Yield stress measurements reveal that the wax layer yield stress is nearly linearly correlated to temperature. Compared with a regular pig, the SPM-NP pigging system reduces the wax resistive force by up to 20~40%, with an acceptable electrical current intensity of about 20 A in the given cases. Multiple factors affecting the wax layer temperature were analyzed. SPM-NP heating could be a promising technique for wax remediation and hydrate prevention.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/17/6464pipeline piggingpig stallingwax resistive forcesuperparamagnetic nanoparticleheating |
| spellingShingle | Hanqing Zhang Huiyuan Li Weidong Li Jianguang Wang Wenda Wang Yongjuan Zhang Lin Teng Pengbo Yin Xin Huang Application of Superparamagnetic Nanoparticle (SPM-NP) Heating in Wax Removal during Crude Oil Pipeline Pigging Energies pipeline pigging pig stalling wax resistive force superparamagnetic nanoparticle heating |
| title | Application of Superparamagnetic Nanoparticle (SPM-NP) Heating in Wax Removal during Crude Oil Pipeline Pigging |
| title_full | Application of Superparamagnetic Nanoparticle (SPM-NP) Heating in Wax Removal during Crude Oil Pipeline Pigging |
| title_fullStr | Application of Superparamagnetic Nanoparticle (SPM-NP) Heating in Wax Removal during Crude Oil Pipeline Pigging |
| title_full_unstemmed | Application of Superparamagnetic Nanoparticle (SPM-NP) Heating in Wax Removal during Crude Oil Pipeline Pigging |
| title_short | Application of Superparamagnetic Nanoparticle (SPM-NP) Heating in Wax Removal during Crude Oil Pipeline Pigging |
| title_sort | application of superparamagnetic nanoparticle spm np heating in wax removal during crude oil pipeline pigging |
| topic | pipeline pigging pig stalling wax resistive force superparamagnetic nanoparticle heating |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/17/6464 |
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