Croatian Native Grapevine Varieties’ VOCs Responses upon <i>Plasmopara viticola</i> Inoculation
The <i>Plasmopara viticola</i> pathogen causes one of the most severe grapevine diseases, namely downy mildew. The response to <i>P. viticola</i> involves both visible symptoms and intricate metabolomic alterations, particularly in relation to volatile organic compounds, and...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| author | Petra Štambuk Iva Šikuten Darko Preiner Edi Maletić Jasminka Karoglan Kontić Ivana Tomaz |
| author_facet | Petra Štambuk Iva Šikuten Darko Preiner Edi Maletić Jasminka Karoglan Kontić Ivana Tomaz |
| author_sort | Petra Štambuk |
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| description | The <i>Plasmopara viticola</i> pathogen causes one of the most severe grapevine diseases, namely downy mildew. The response to <i>P. viticola</i> involves both visible symptoms and intricate metabolomic alterations, particularly in relation to volatile organic compounds, and depends on the degree of resistance of a particular variety. There are numerous native grapevine varieties in Croatia, and they vary in susceptibility to this oomycete. As previously reported, in vitro leaf disc bioassay and polyphenolic compound analysis are complementary methods that can be used to separate native varieties into various resistance classes. This research used the Solid Phase Microextraction-Arrow Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry method to identify the early alterations in the VOCs in the leaves after <i>P. viticola</i> inoculation. Based on the absolute peak area of sesquiterpenes, some discrepancies between the sampling terms were noticed. The presence of certain chemical compounds such as humulene, ylangene, and <i>α</i>-farnesene helped distinguish the non-inoculated and inoculated samples. Although specific VOC responses to <i>P. viticola</i> infection of native varieties from various resistance classes could not be identified, the response of less susceptible native varieties and resistant controls was associated with an increase in the absolute peak area of several compounds, including geranylacetone, <i>ß</i>-ocimene, and (<i>E</i>)-2-hexen-1-ol. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:24:38Z |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:24:38Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-acf4c38a544c444ea1094f432fe88d152023-12-01T00:06:21ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-01-0112240410.3390/plants12020404Croatian Native Grapevine Varieties’ VOCs Responses upon <i>Plasmopara viticola</i> InoculationPetra Štambuk0Iva Šikuten1Darko Preiner2Edi Maletić3Jasminka Karoglan Kontić4Ivana Tomaz5Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska Cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaThe <i>Plasmopara viticola</i> pathogen causes one of the most severe grapevine diseases, namely downy mildew. The response to <i>P. viticola</i> involves both visible symptoms and intricate metabolomic alterations, particularly in relation to volatile organic compounds, and depends on the degree of resistance of a particular variety. There are numerous native grapevine varieties in Croatia, and they vary in susceptibility to this oomycete. As previously reported, in vitro leaf disc bioassay and polyphenolic compound analysis are complementary methods that can be used to separate native varieties into various resistance classes. This research used the Solid Phase Microextraction-Arrow Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry method to identify the early alterations in the VOCs in the leaves after <i>P. viticola</i> inoculation. Based on the absolute peak area of sesquiterpenes, some discrepancies between the sampling terms were noticed. The presence of certain chemical compounds such as humulene, ylangene, and <i>α</i>-farnesene helped distinguish the non-inoculated and inoculated samples. Although specific VOC responses to <i>P. viticola</i> infection of native varieties from various resistance classes could not be identified, the response of less susceptible native varieties and resistant controls was associated with an increase in the absolute peak area of several compounds, including geranylacetone, <i>ß</i>-ocimene, and (<i>E</i>)-2-hexen-1-ol.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/2/404<i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.downy mildewsecondary metabolitesSPME-<i>Arrow</i>-GC/MS |
| spellingShingle | Petra Štambuk Iva Šikuten Darko Preiner Edi Maletić Jasminka Karoglan Kontić Ivana Tomaz Croatian Native Grapevine Varieties’ VOCs Responses upon <i>Plasmopara viticola</i> Inoculation Plants <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L. downy mildew secondary metabolites SPME-<i>Arrow</i>-GC/MS |
| title | Croatian Native Grapevine Varieties’ VOCs Responses upon <i>Plasmopara viticola</i> Inoculation |
| title_full | Croatian Native Grapevine Varieties’ VOCs Responses upon <i>Plasmopara viticola</i> Inoculation |
| title_fullStr | Croatian Native Grapevine Varieties’ VOCs Responses upon <i>Plasmopara viticola</i> Inoculation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Croatian Native Grapevine Varieties’ VOCs Responses upon <i>Plasmopara viticola</i> Inoculation |
| title_short | Croatian Native Grapevine Varieties’ VOCs Responses upon <i>Plasmopara viticola</i> Inoculation |
| title_sort | croatian native grapevine varieties vocs responses upon i plasmopara viticola i inoculation |
| topic | <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L. downy mildew secondary metabolites SPME-<i>Arrow</i>-GC/MS |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/2/404 |
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