High-latitude thermospheric wind study using a Fabry–Perot interferometer at Tromsø in Norway: averages and variations during quiet times
Abstract The average winds in the thermosphere during geomagnetically quiet times are important because they provide a baseline wind in the upper atmosphere, but they remain insufficiently understood at high latitudes. This paper reports the first direct ground-based wind measurements of the quiet-t...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2019-10-01
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| Series: | Earth, Planets and Space |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40623-019-1093-8 |
| _version_ | 1818544251897643008 |
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| author | Heqiucen Xu Kazuo Shiokawa Shin-ichiro Oyama Satonori Nozawa |
| author_facet | Heqiucen Xu Kazuo Shiokawa Shin-ichiro Oyama Satonori Nozawa |
| author_sort | Heqiucen Xu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The average winds in the thermosphere during geomagnetically quiet times are important because they provide a baseline wind in the upper atmosphere, but they remain insufficiently understood at high latitudes. This paper reports the first direct ground-based wind measurements of the quiet-time thermospheric wind pattern at Tromsø in Norway using 2009–2015 data from a Fabry–Perot interferometer. We analyzed red-line wind measurements (630.0 nm; altitude: 200–300 km). On average, the zonal wind shows a decrease of eastward wind compared with diurnal tidal wind before midnight. A maximum speed of 100 m/s occurs at both the dusk and dawn sides. The meridional wind has a diurnal tide structure with a minimum value of − 130 m/s around midnight. We also found occasional large wind deviations (> 100 m/s) from the averages, even during geomagnetically quiet times. We suggest that these large wind deviations are caused by the plasma convection associated with weak substorm activities with auroral electrojet (AE) index values of less than 100 nT that occurred at local times different from that at Tromsø. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T22:46:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ad00e429f01c4c2a96743abaa2bdcc8b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1880-5981 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T22:46:03Z |
| publishDate | 2019-10-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Earth, Planets and Space |
| spelling | doaj.art-ad00e429f01c4c2a96743abaa2bdcc8b2022-12-22T00:47:36ZengSpringerOpenEarth, Planets and Space1880-59812019-10-017111810.1186/s40623-019-1093-8High-latitude thermospheric wind study using a Fabry–Perot interferometer at Tromsø in Norway: averages and variations during quiet timesHeqiucen Xu0Kazuo Shiokawa1Shin-ichiro Oyama2Satonori Nozawa3Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), Nagoya UniversityInstitute for Space-Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), Nagoya UniversityInstitute for Space-Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), Nagoya UniversityInstitute for Space-Earth Environmental Research (ISEE), Nagoya UniversityAbstract The average winds in the thermosphere during geomagnetically quiet times are important because they provide a baseline wind in the upper atmosphere, but they remain insufficiently understood at high latitudes. This paper reports the first direct ground-based wind measurements of the quiet-time thermospheric wind pattern at Tromsø in Norway using 2009–2015 data from a Fabry–Perot interferometer. We analyzed red-line wind measurements (630.0 nm; altitude: 200–300 km). On average, the zonal wind shows a decrease of eastward wind compared with diurnal tidal wind before midnight. A maximum speed of 100 m/s occurs at both the dusk and dawn sides. The meridional wind has a diurnal tide structure with a minimum value of − 130 m/s around midnight. We also found occasional large wind deviations (> 100 m/s) from the averages, even during geomagnetically quiet times. We suggest that these large wind deviations are caused by the plasma convection associated with weak substorm activities with auroral electrojet (AE) index values of less than 100 nT that occurred at local times different from that at Tromsø.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40623-019-1093-8Fabry–Perot interferometerAverage windThermosphere |
| spellingShingle | Heqiucen Xu Kazuo Shiokawa Shin-ichiro Oyama Satonori Nozawa High-latitude thermospheric wind study using a Fabry–Perot interferometer at Tromsø in Norway: averages and variations during quiet times Earth, Planets and Space Fabry–Perot interferometer Average wind Thermosphere |
| title | High-latitude thermospheric wind study using a Fabry–Perot interferometer at Tromsø in Norway: averages and variations during quiet times |
| title_full | High-latitude thermospheric wind study using a Fabry–Perot interferometer at Tromsø in Norway: averages and variations during quiet times |
| title_fullStr | High-latitude thermospheric wind study using a Fabry–Perot interferometer at Tromsø in Norway: averages and variations during quiet times |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-latitude thermospheric wind study using a Fabry–Perot interferometer at Tromsø in Norway: averages and variations during quiet times |
| title_short | High-latitude thermospheric wind study using a Fabry–Perot interferometer at Tromsø in Norway: averages and variations during quiet times |
| title_sort | high latitude thermospheric wind study using a fabry perot interferometer at tromso in norway averages and variations during quiet times |
| topic | Fabry–Perot interferometer Average wind Thermosphere |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40623-019-1093-8 |
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