Ionizing Radiation Induced Removal of Ofloxacin, Abatement of Its Toxicity and Antibacterial Activity in Various Water Matrices
The fluoroquinolone-type antibiotic ofloxacin is regularly detected in wastewaters. In this work, its hydroxyl radical (<sup>•</sup>OH) induced degradation was studied at a concentration of 0.1 mmol dm<sup>−3</sup> in three water matrices, pure water, tap water, and purified...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/12/7211 |
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| author | László Wojnárovits Renáta Homlok Krisztina Kovács Anikó Bezsenyi Erzsébet Takács |
| author_facet | László Wojnárovits Renáta Homlok Krisztina Kovács Anikó Bezsenyi Erzsébet Takács |
| author_sort | László Wojnárovits |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The fluoroquinolone-type antibiotic ofloxacin is regularly detected in wastewaters. In this work, its hydroxyl radical (<sup>•</sup>OH) induced degradation was studied at a concentration of 0.1 mmol dm<sup>−3</sup> in three water matrices, pure water, tap water, and purified wastewater (collected from a wastewater treatment plant). <sup>•</sup>OH was produced by γ-irradiation under conditions when it had a high yield. The <sup>•</sup>OH dosage dependencies of chemical (COD) and biochemical (BOD) oxygen demands, total organic carbon (TOC) content, oxygen uptake rate (OUR), Microtox<sup>®</sup> toxicity, and antibacterial activity values were evaluated. <sup>•</sup>OH effectively oxidized and mineralized ofloxacin; both processes were observed even at the lowest <sup>•</sup>OH dosage, 0.14 mmol dm<sup>−3</sup> (0.5 kGy absorbed dose). When 0.28 mmol dm<sup>−3 •</sup>OH was introduced into pure or tap water, the antibacterial activity vanished. In purified wastewater, a higher dosage (0.56 mmol dm<sup>−3</sup>) was required to achieve the same effect as in pure water, due to the organic molecules of the matrix that quenched the <sup>•</sup>OH radicals. The products did not have antibacterial activity and showed little toxicity toward the test organism <i>Vibrio fischeri</i>. <sup>•</sup>OH preferentially attacks the pharmacophore part, the 4-quinolone unit of ofloxacin. <sup>•</sup>OH-induced reactions can be safely applied to destroy the antimicrobial potency of fluoroquinolone-type antibiotics in purified wastewater matrices. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:49:00Z |
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| id | doaj.art-ad0eb080767c48ad919328aea74139ab |
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| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:49:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ad0eb080767c48ad919328aea74139ab2023-11-18T09:10:41ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-06-011312721110.3390/app13127211Ionizing Radiation Induced Removal of Ofloxacin, Abatement of Its Toxicity and Antibacterial Activity in Various Water MatricesLászló Wojnárovits0Renáta Homlok1Krisztina Kovács2Anikó Bezsenyi3Erzsébet Takács4Radiation Chemistry Department, Institute for Energy Security and Environmental Safety, Centre for Energy Research, H-1121, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, 1121 Budapest, HungaryRadiation Chemistry Department, Institute for Energy Security and Environmental Safety, Centre for Energy Research, H-1121, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, 1121 Budapest, HungaryRadiation Chemistry Department, Institute for Energy Security and Environmental Safety, Centre for Energy Research, H-1121, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, 1121 Budapest, HungaryBudapest Sewage Works Pte Ltd., H-1087, Asztalos Sándor út 4, 1087 Budapest, HungaryRadiation Chemistry Department, Institute for Energy Security and Environmental Safety, Centre for Energy Research, H-1121, Konkoly-Thege Miklós út 29-33, 1121 Budapest, HungaryThe fluoroquinolone-type antibiotic ofloxacin is regularly detected in wastewaters. In this work, its hydroxyl radical (<sup>•</sup>OH) induced degradation was studied at a concentration of 0.1 mmol dm<sup>−3</sup> in three water matrices, pure water, tap water, and purified wastewater (collected from a wastewater treatment plant). <sup>•</sup>OH was produced by γ-irradiation under conditions when it had a high yield. The <sup>•</sup>OH dosage dependencies of chemical (COD) and biochemical (BOD) oxygen demands, total organic carbon (TOC) content, oxygen uptake rate (OUR), Microtox<sup>®</sup> toxicity, and antibacterial activity values were evaluated. <sup>•</sup>OH effectively oxidized and mineralized ofloxacin; both processes were observed even at the lowest <sup>•</sup>OH dosage, 0.14 mmol dm<sup>−3</sup> (0.5 kGy absorbed dose). When 0.28 mmol dm<sup>−3 •</sup>OH was introduced into pure or tap water, the antibacterial activity vanished. In purified wastewater, a higher dosage (0.56 mmol dm<sup>−3</sup>) was required to achieve the same effect as in pure water, due to the organic molecules of the matrix that quenched the <sup>•</sup>OH radicals. The products did not have antibacterial activity and showed little toxicity toward the test organism <i>Vibrio fischeri</i>. <sup>•</sup>OH preferentially attacks the pharmacophore part, the 4-quinolone unit of ofloxacin. <sup>•</sup>OH-induced reactions can be safely applied to destroy the antimicrobial potency of fluoroquinolone-type antibiotics in purified wastewater matrices.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/12/7211biodegradabilityantibacterial activitychemical oxygen demandbiochemical oxygen demandtoxicityoxygen uptake rate |
| spellingShingle | László Wojnárovits Renáta Homlok Krisztina Kovács Anikó Bezsenyi Erzsébet Takács Ionizing Radiation Induced Removal of Ofloxacin, Abatement of Its Toxicity and Antibacterial Activity in Various Water Matrices Applied Sciences biodegradability antibacterial activity chemical oxygen demand biochemical oxygen demand toxicity oxygen uptake rate |
| title | Ionizing Radiation Induced Removal of Ofloxacin, Abatement of Its Toxicity and Antibacterial Activity in Various Water Matrices |
| title_full | Ionizing Radiation Induced Removal of Ofloxacin, Abatement of Its Toxicity and Antibacterial Activity in Various Water Matrices |
| title_fullStr | Ionizing Radiation Induced Removal of Ofloxacin, Abatement of Its Toxicity and Antibacterial Activity in Various Water Matrices |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ionizing Radiation Induced Removal of Ofloxacin, Abatement of Its Toxicity and Antibacterial Activity in Various Water Matrices |
| title_short | Ionizing Radiation Induced Removal of Ofloxacin, Abatement of Its Toxicity and Antibacterial Activity in Various Water Matrices |
| title_sort | ionizing radiation induced removal of ofloxacin abatement of its toxicity and antibacterial activity in various water matrices |
| topic | biodegradability antibacterial activity chemical oxygen demand biochemical oxygen demand toxicity oxygen uptake rate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/12/7211 |
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