Fractalkine, sICAM-1 and Kynurenine Pathway in Restrictive Anorexia Nervosa–Exploratory Study
The link between the kynurenine pathway and immunomodulatory molecules—fractalkine and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1)—in anorexia nervosa (AN) remains unknown. Fractalkine, sICAM-1, tryptophan (TRP), kynurenine (KYN), neuroprotective kynurenic acid (KYNA), neurotoxic 3-OH-kynure...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| author | Ewa Dudzińska Kinga Szymona Renata Kloc Tomasz Kocki Paulina Gil-Kulik Jacek Bogucki Janusz Kocki Roman Paduch Ewa M. Urbańska |
| author_facet | Ewa Dudzińska Kinga Szymona Renata Kloc Tomasz Kocki Paulina Gil-Kulik Jacek Bogucki Janusz Kocki Roman Paduch Ewa M. Urbańska |
| author_sort | Ewa Dudzińska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The link between the kynurenine pathway and immunomodulatory molecules—fractalkine and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1)—in anorexia nervosa (AN) remains unknown. Fractalkine, sICAM-1, tryptophan (TRP), kynurenine (KYN), neuroprotective kynurenic acid (KYNA), neurotoxic 3-OH-kynurenine (3-OH-KYN), and the expression of mRNA for kynurenine aminotransferases (<i>KAT1-3</i>) were studied in 20 female patients with restrictive AN (mostly drug-free, all during first episode of the disease) and in 24 controls. In AN, serum fractalkine, but not sICAM-1, KYNA, KYN, TRP or 3-OH-KYN, was higher; ratios TRP/KYN, KYN/KYNA, KYN/3-OH-KYN and KYNA/3-OH-KYN were unaltered. The expression of the gene encoding <i>KAT3</i>, but not of genes encoding <i>KAT1</i> and <i>KAT2</i> (measured in blood mononuclear cells), was higher in patients with AN. In AN, fractalkine positively correlated with TRP, while sICAM-1 was negatively associated with 3-OH-KYN and positively linked with the ratio KYN/3-OH-KYN. Furthermore, TRP and fractalkine were negatively associated with the body mass index (BMI) in AN. Expression of <i>KAT1</i>, <i>KAT2</i> and <i>KAT3</i> did not correlate with fractalkine, sICAM-1 or BMI, either in AN or control. Increased fractalkine may be an independent factor associated with the restrictive type of AN. Excessive physical activity probably underlies increased expression of <i>KAT3</i> observed among enrolled patients. Further, longitudinal studies on a larger cohort of patients should be aimed to clarify the contribution of fractalkine and <i>KAT3</i> to the pathogenesis of AN. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:50:46Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:50:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ad11700bda0f4cccbdaf2f2b22b94cc52023-12-03T14:28:26ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-01-0113233910.3390/nu13020339Fractalkine, sICAM-1 and Kynurenine Pathway in Restrictive Anorexia Nervosa–Exploratory StudyEwa Dudzińska0Kinga Szymona1Renata Kloc2Tomasz Kocki3Paulina Gil-Kulik4Jacek Bogucki5Janusz Kocki6Roman Paduch7Ewa M. Urbańska8Chair of Public Health, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, 20-439 Lublin, PolandLaboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Chair and Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, PolandChair and Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Virology and Immunology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University of Lublin, 20-033 Lublin, PolandLaboratory of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Chair and Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, PolandThe link between the kynurenine pathway and immunomodulatory molecules—fractalkine and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1)—in anorexia nervosa (AN) remains unknown. Fractalkine, sICAM-1, tryptophan (TRP), kynurenine (KYN), neuroprotective kynurenic acid (KYNA), neurotoxic 3-OH-kynurenine (3-OH-KYN), and the expression of mRNA for kynurenine aminotransferases (<i>KAT1-3</i>) were studied in 20 female patients with restrictive AN (mostly drug-free, all during first episode of the disease) and in 24 controls. In AN, serum fractalkine, but not sICAM-1, KYNA, KYN, TRP or 3-OH-KYN, was higher; ratios TRP/KYN, KYN/KYNA, KYN/3-OH-KYN and KYNA/3-OH-KYN were unaltered. The expression of the gene encoding <i>KAT3</i>, but not of genes encoding <i>KAT1</i> and <i>KAT2</i> (measured in blood mononuclear cells), was higher in patients with AN. In AN, fractalkine positively correlated with TRP, while sICAM-1 was negatively associated with 3-OH-KYN and positively linked with the ratio KYN/3-OH-KYN. Furthermore, TRP and fractalkine were negatively associated with the body mass index (BMI) in AN. Expression of <i>KAT1</i>, <i>KAT2</i> and <i>KAT3</i> did not correlate with fractalkine, sICAM-1 or BMI, either in AN or control. Increased fractalkine may be an independent factor associated with the restrictive type of AN. Excessive physical activity probably underlies increased expression of <i>KAT3</i> observed among enrolled patients. Further, longitudinal studies on a larger cohort of patients should be aimed to clarify the contribution of fractalkine and <i>KAT3</i> to the pathogenesis of AN.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/2/339eating disordersneuroprotectionneurotoxicitykynurenine |
| spellingShingle | Ewa Dudzińska Kinga Szymona Renata Kloc Tomasz Kocki Paulina Gil-Kulik Jacek Bogucki Janusz Kocki Roman Paduch Ewa M. Urbańska Fractalkine, sICAM-1 and Kynurenine Pathway in Restrictive Anorexia Nervosa–Exploratory Study Nutrients eating disorders neuroprotection neurotoxicity kynurenine |
| title | Fractalkine, sICAM-1 and Kynurenine Pathway in Restrictive Anorexia Nervosa–Exploratory Study |
| title_full | Fractalkine, sICAM-1 and Kynurenine Pathway in Restrictive Anorexia Nervosa–Exploratory Study |
| title_fullStr | Fractalkine, sICAM-1 and Kynurenine Pathway in Restrictive Anorexia Nervosa–Exploratory Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fractalkine, sICAM-1 and Kynurenine Pathway in Restrictive Anorexia Nervosa–Exploratory Study |
| title_short | Fractalkine, sICAM-1 and Kynurenine Pathway in Restrictive Anorexia Nervosa–Exploratory Study |
| title_sort | fractalkine sicam 1 and kynurenine pathway in restrictive anorexia nervosa exploratory study |
| topic | eating disorders neuroprotection neurotoxicity kynurenine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/2/339 |
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