Molecular immune monitoring in kidney transplant rejection: a state-of-the-art review
Although current regimens of immunosuppressive drugs are effective in renal transplant recipients, long-term renal allograft outcomes remain suboptimal. For many years, the diagnosis of renal allograft rejection and of several causes of renal allograft dysfunction, such as chronic subclinical inflam...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1206929/full |
| _version_ | 1827862775779557376 |
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| author | Wiwat Chancharoenthana Wiwat Chancharoenthana Wiwat Chancharoenthana Opas Traitanon Opas Traitanon Asada Leelahavanichkul Asada Leelahavanichkul Adis Tasanarong Adis Tasanarong |
| author_facet | Wiwat Chancharoenthana Wiwat Chancharoenthana Wiwat Chancharoenthana Opas Traitanon Opas Traitanon Asada Leelahavanichkul Asada Leelahavanichkul Adis Tasanarong Adis Tasanarong |
| author_sort | Wiwat Chancharoenthana |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Although current regimens of immunosuppressive drugs are effective in renal transplant recipients, long-term renal allograft outcomes remain suboptimal. For many years, the diagnosis of renal allograft rejection and of several causes of renal allograft dysfunction, such as chronic subclinical inflammation and infection, was mostly based on renal allograft biopsy, which is not only invasive but also possibly performed too late for proper management. In addition, certain allograft dysfunctions are difficult to differentiate from renal histology due to their similar pathogenesis and immune responses. As such, non-invasive assays and biomarkers may be more beneficial than conventional renal biopsy for enhancing graft survival and optimizing immunosuppressive drug regimens during long-term care. This paper discusses recent biomarker candidates, including donor-derived cell-free DNA, transcriptomics, microRNAs, exosomes (or other extracellular vesicles), urine chemokines, and nucleosomes, that show high potential for clinical use in determining the prognosis of long-term outcomes of kidney transplantation, along with their limitations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T13:59:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ad15b9ecc6f14c559e0a190934f9a406 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T13:59:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-ad15b9ecc6f14c559e0a190934f9a4062023-08-22T10:01:46ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242023-08-011410.3389/fimmu.2023.12069291206929Molecular immune monitoring in kidney transplant rejection: a state-of-the-art reviewWiwat Chancharoenthana0Wiwat Chancharoenthana1Wiwat Chancharoenthana2Opas Traitanon3Opas Traitanon4Asada Leelahavanichkul5Asada Leelahavanichkul6Adis Tasanarong7Adis Tasanarong8Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandTropical Immunology and Translational Research Unit (TITRU), Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandThammasat Multi-Organ Transplant Center, Thammasat University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, ThailandThammasat Multi-Organ Transplant Center, Thammasat University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, ThailandDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, ThailandCenter of Excellence on Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology (CETRII), Department of Microbiology, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandThammasat Multi-Organ Transplant Center, Thammasat University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, ThailandDivision of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, ThailandAlthough current regimens of immunosuppressive drugs are effective in renal transplant recipients, long-term renal allograft outcomes remain suboptimal. For many years, the diagnosis of renal allograft rejection and of several causes of renal allograft dysfunction, such as chronic subclinical inflammation and infection, was mostly based on renal allograft biopsy, which is not only invasive but also possibly performed too late for proper management. In addition, certain allograft dysfunctions are difficult to differentiate from renal histology due to their similar pathogenesis and immune responses. As such, non-invasive assays and biomarkers may be more beneficial than conventional renal biopsy for enhancing graft survival and optimizing immunosuppressive drug regimens during long-term care. This paper discusses recent biomarker candidates, including donor-derived cell-free DNA, transcriptomics, microRNAs, exosomes (or other extracellular vesicles), urine chemokines, and nucleosomes, that show high potential for clinical use in determining the prognosis of long-term outcomes of kidney transplantation, along with their limitations.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1206929/fullchemokinedonor-derived cell-free DNAexosomesextracellular vesiclesMicroRNAsmolecular immune monitoring |
| spellingShingle | Wiwat Chancharoenthana Wiwat Chancharoenthana Wiwat Chancharoenthana Opas Traitanon Opas Traitanon Asada Leelahavanichkul Asada Leelahavanichkul Adis Tasanarong Adis Tasanarong Molecular immune monitoring in kidney transplant rejection: a state-of-the-art review Frontiers in Immunology chemokine donor-derived cell-free DNA exosomes extracellular vesicles MicroRNAs molecular immune monitoring |
| title | Molecular immune monitoring in kidney transplant rejection: a state-of-the-art review |
| title_full | Molecular immune monitoring in kidney transplant rejection: a state-of-the-art review |
| title_fullStr | Molecular immune monitoring in kidney transplant rejection: a state-of-the-art review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular immune monitoring in kidney transplant rejection: a state-of-the-art review |
| title_short | Molecular immune monitoring in kidney transplant rejection: a state-of-the-art review |
| title_sort | molecular immune monitoring in kidney transplant rejection a state of the art review |
| topic | chemokine donor-derived cell-free DNA exosomes extracellular vesicles MicroRNAs molecular immune monitoring |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1206929/full |
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