Composite topological structures in SO(10)
Abstract We explore a variety of composite topological structures that arise from the spontaneous breaking of SO(10) to SU(3) c × U(1) em via one of its maximal subgroups SU(5) × U(1) χ , SU(4) c × SU(2) L × SU(2) R , and SU(5) × U(1) X (also known as flipped SU(5)). They include i) a network of ℤ s...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of High Energy Physics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2023)119 |
| _version_ | 1797736500306116608 |
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| author | George Lazarides Qaisar Shafi Amit Tiwari |
| author_facet | George Lazarides Qaisar Shafi Amit Tiwari |
| author_sort | George Lazarides |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract We explore a variety of composite topological structures that arise from the spontaneous breaking of SO(10) to SU(3) c × U(1) em via one of its maximal subgroups SU(5) × U(1) χ , SU(4) c × SU(2) L × SU(2) R , and SU(5) × U(1) X (also known as flipped SU(5)). They include i) a network of ℤ strings which develop monopoles and turn into necklaces with the structure of ℤ2 strings, ii) dumbbells connecting two different types of monopoles, or monopoles and antimonpoles, iii) starfish-like configurations, iv) polypole configurations, and v) walls bounded by a necklace. We display these structures both before and after the electroweak breaking. The appearance of these composite structures in the early universe and their astrophysical implications including gravitational wave emission would depend on the symmetry breaking patterns and scales, and the nature of the associated phase transitions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T13:14:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ad15c84b7d2d411091771241fe63dadf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1029-8479 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T13:14:48Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of High Energy Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-ad15c84b7d2d411091771241fe63dadf2023-08-27T11:04:07ZengSpringerOpenJournal of High Energy Physics1029-84792023-05-012023512710.1007/JHEP05(2023)119Composite topological structures in SO(10)George Lazarides0Qaisar Shafi1Amit Tiwari2School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Aristotle University of ThessalonikiBartol Research Institute, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of DelawareBartol Research Institute, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of DelawareAbstract We explore a variety of composite topological structures that arise from the spontaneous breaking of SO(10) to SU(3) c × U(1) em via one of its maximal subgroups SU(5) × U(1) χ , SU(4) c × SU(2) L × SU(2) R , and SU(5) × U(1) X (also known as flipped SU(5)). They include i) a network of ℤ strings which develop monopoles and turn into necklaces with the structure of ℤ2 strings, ii) dumbbells connecting two different types of monopoles, or monopoles and antimonpoles, iii) starfish-like configurations, iv) polypole configurations, and v) walls bounded by a necklace. We display these structures both before and after the electroweak breaking. The appearance of these composite structures in the early universe and their astrophysical implications including gravitational wave emission would depend on the symmetry breaking patterns and scales, and the nature of the associated phase transitions.https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2023)119Grand UnificationPhase Transitions in the Early UniverseTopological Strings |
| spellingShingle | George Lazarides Qaisar Shafi Amit Tiwari Composite topological structures in SO(10) Journal of High Energy Physics Grand Unification Phase Transitions in the Early Universe Topological Strings |
| title | Composite topological structures in SO(10) |
| title_full | Composite topological structures in SO(10) |
| title_fullStr | Composite topological structures in SO(10) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Composite topological structures in SO(10) |
| title_short | Composite topological structures in SO(10) |
| title_sort | composite topological structures in so 10 |
| topic | Grand Unification Phase Transitions in the Early Universe Topological Strings |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/JHEP05(2023)119 |
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