Transcription Factor <i>VM1G_06867</i>: A Requirement for Growth, Pathogenicity, Development, and Maintenance of Cell Wall Integrity in <i>Valsa mali</i>
Apple canker disease, caused by <i>Valsa mali</i>, is one of the most serious apple tree diseases in China. <i>VmSom1</i> is an important transcription factor that acts on the cyclic adenosine signaling pathway (cAMP/PKA), regulating the growth, development, morphological dif...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-06-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/6/692 |
| _version_ | 1797593939052593152 |
|---|---|
| author | Yufei Diao Jiyang Jin Xiong Xiong Chengming Yu Yehan Tian Duochuan Li Huixiang Liu |
| author_facet | Yufei Diao Jiyang Jin Xiong Xiong Chengming Yu Yehan Tian Duochuan Li Huixiang Liu |
| author_sort | Yufei Diao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Apple canker disease, caused by <i>Valsa mali</i>, is one of the most serious apple tree diseases in China. <i>VmSom1</i> is an important transcription factor that acts on the cyclic adenosine signaling pathway (cAMP/PKA), regulating the growth, development, morphological differentiation, and pathogenic forces of the pathogen. We perform transcriptome analysis of the <i>VmSom1</i> deletion mutant and the wild-type strain 11-175 and identify a significantly differentially expressed gene, <i>VM1G_06867</i>, a zinc finger motif transcription factor in <i>V. mali</i>. In this study, we obtain the <i>VM1G_06867</i> gene using the single deletion mutant via homologous recombination. To determine the relationship between <i>VmSom1</i> and <i>VM1G_06867</i>, we also obtain a double deletion mutant <i>ΔVmSom1/06867</i>. Compared to the wild-type strain 11-175, the single deletion mutant <i>VM1G_06867</i> shows a drastic reduction in growth rate and forms more pycnidia on the PDA medium. Additionally, the growth of the mutant is inhibited by SDS, Congo red, and fluorescent brighteners. In comparison to the single deletion mutant <i>VmSom1</i>, the double deletion mutant <i>ΔVmSom1/06867</i> shows no significant change in growth or conidiation and is unable to produce conidia. The growth rate is significantly increased in Congo red, NaCl, and Sorbitol mediums. These results demonstrate that <i>VM1G_06867</i> plays important roles in growth, pathogenicity, asexual development, and maintenance of cell wall integrity. <i>VM1G_06867</i> can recover osmotic stress and cell wall integrity defects caused by the deletion of <i>VmSom1</i>, as well as restore the loss of pathogenicity caused by the deletion of the <i>VmSom1</i> gene, but not completely. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:16:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ad3070c3a6c34ba68721b37fc0ba0b4c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:16:38Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-ad3070c3a6c34ba68721b37fc0ba0b4c2023-11-18T11:09:30ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2023-06-019669210.3390/jof9060692Transcription Factor <i>VM1G_06867</i>: A Requirement for Growth, Pathogenicity, Development, and Maintenance of Cell Wall Integrity in <i>Valsa mali</i>Yufei Diao0Jiyang Jin1Xiong Xiong2Chengming Yu3Yehan Tian4Duochuan Li5Huixiang Liu6Shandong Research Center for Forestry Harmful Biological Control Engineering and Technology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaMountain Tai Forest Ecosystem Research Station of State Forestry Administration, Forestry College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaMountain Tai Forest Ecosystem Research Station of State Forestry Administration, Forestry College, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaShandong Research Center for Forestry Harmful Biological Control Engineering and Technology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaShandong Research Center for Forestry Harmful Biological Control Engineering and Technology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaShandong Research Center for Forestry Harmful Biological Control Engineering and Technology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaShandong Research Center for Forestry Harmful Biological Control Engineering and Technology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaApple canker disease, caused by <i>Valsa mali</i>, is one of the most serious apple tree diseases in China. <i>VmSom1</i> is an important transcription factor that acts on the cyclic adenosine signaling pathway (cAMP/PKA), regulating the growth, development, morphological differentiation, and pathogenic forces of the pathogen. We perform transcriptome analysis of the <i>VmSom1</i> deletion mutant and the wild-type strain 11-175 and identify a significantly differentially expressed gene, <i>VM1G_06867</i>, a zinc finger motif transcription factor in <i>V. mali</i>. In this study, we obtain the <i>VM1G_06867</i> gene using the single deletion mutant via homologous recombination. To determine the relationship between <i>VmSom1</i> and <i>VM1G_06867</i>, we also obtain a double deletion mutant <i>ΔVmSom1/06867</i>. Compared to the wild-type strain 11-175, the single deletion mutant <i>VM1G_06867</i> shows a drastic reduction in growth rate and forms more pycnidia on the PDA medium. Additionally, the growth of the mutant is inhibited by SDS, Congo red, and fluorescent brighteners. In comparison to the single deletion mutant <i>VmSom1</i>, the double deletion mutant <i>ΔVmSom1/06867</i> shows no significant change in growth or conidiation and is unable to produce conidia. The growth rate is significantly increased in Congo red, NaCl, and Sorbitol mediums. These results demonstrate that <i>VM1G_06867</i> plays important roles in growth, pathogenicity, asexual development, and maintenance of cell wall integrity. <i>VM1G_06867</i> can recover osmotic stress and cell wall integrity defects caused by the deletion of <i>VmSom1</i>, as well as restore the loss of pathogenicity caused by the deletion of the <i>VmSom1</i> gene, but not completely.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/6/692<i>Valsa mali</i><i>VmSom1</i><i>VM1G_06867</i>growthconidiationpathogenicity |
| spellingShingle | Yufei Diao Jiyang Jin Xiong Xiong Chengming Yu Yehan Tian Duochuan Li Huixiang Liu Transcription Factor <i>VM1G_06867</i>: A Requirement for Growth, Pathogenicity, Development, and Maintenance of Cell Wall Integrity in <i>Valsa mali</i> Journal of Fungi <i>Valsa mali</i> <i>VmSom1</i> <i>VM1G_06867</i> growth conidiation pathogenicity |
| title | Transcription Factor <i>VM1G_06867</i>: A Requirement for Growth, Pathogenicity, Development, and Maintenance of Cell Wall Integrity in <i>Valsa mali</i> |
| title_full | Transcription Factor <i>VM1G_06867</i>: A Requirement for Growth, Pathogenicity, Development, and Maintenance of Cell Wall Integrity in <i>Valsa mali</i> |
| title_fullStr | Transcription Factor <i>VM1G_06867</i>: A Requirement for Growth, Pathogenicity, Development, and Maintenance of Cell Wall Integrity in <i>Valsa mali</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcription Factor <i>VM1G_06867</i>: A Requirement for Growth, Pathogenicity, Development, and Maintenance of Cell Wall Integrity in <i>Valsa mali</i> |
| title_short | Transcription Factor <i>VM1G_06867</i>: A Requirement for Growth, Pathogenicity, Development, and Maintenance of Cell Wall Integrity in <i>Valsa mali</i> |
| title_sort | transcription factor i vm1g 06867 i a requirement for growth pathogenicity development and maintenance of cell wall integrity in i valsa mali i |
| topic | <i>Valsa mali</i> <i>VmSom1</i> <i>VM1G_06867</i> growth conidiation pathogenicity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/6/692 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yufeidiao transcriptionfactorivm1g06867iarequirementforgrowthpathogenicitydevelopmentandmaintenanceofcellwallintegrityinivalsamalii AT jiyangjin transcriptionfactorivm1g06867iarequirementforgrowthpathogenicitydevelopmentandmaintenanceofcellwallintegrityinivalsamalii AT xiongxiong transcriptionfactorivm1g06867iarequirementforgrowthpathogenicitydevelopmentandmaintenanceofcellwallintegrityinivalsamalii AT chengmingyu transcriptionfactorivm1g06867iarequirementforgrowthpathogenicitydevelopmentandmaintenanceofcellwallintegrityinivalsamalii AT yehantian transcriptionfactorivm1g06867iarequirementforgrowthpathogenicitydevelopmentandmaintenanceofcellwallintegrityinivalsamalii AT duochuanli transcriptionfactorivm1g06867iarequirementforgrowthpathogenicitydevelopmentandmaintenanceofcellwallintegrityinivalsamalii AT huixiangliu transcriptionfactorivm1g06867iarequirementforgrowthpathogenicitydevelopmentandmaintenanceofcellwallintegrityinivalsamalii |