Preparation and Characterization of Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Modified Polyphenylene Oxide by a Direct Fiber Feeding Extrusion Process
Polyphenylene oxide (PPO) polymers have good mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties, but they have poor processability owing to their quite high melt viscosity. This hinders the manufacturing processes of fiber-reinforced thermoplastics that have enhanced mechanical and physical properties....
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/21/10266 |
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| author | SeungJae Ahn Jae-Chul Lee Ki-Young Kim |
| author_facet | SeungJae Ahn Jae-Chul Lee Ki-Young Kim |
| author_sort | SeungJae Ahn |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Polyphenylene oxide (PPO) polymers have good mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties, but they have poor processability owing to their quite high melt viscosity. This hinders the manufacturing processes of fiber-reinforced thermoplastics that have enhanced mechanical and physical properties. Although PPO was modified by blending with polystyrene (PS) or polyamide to improve processability, the modified PPO (mPPO) still had a high melt viscosity compared with other polymers. Thus, the fiber-reinforced mPPO is manufactured by compounding with chopped fiber, while various methods are applied to manufacture the fiber-reinforced polypropylene and polyamide in order to improve properties. One of the methods is a direct fiber feeding method, which can keep the longer fiber length because of a direct and continuous roving yarn feeding without chopping. Therefore, the composite manufactured by the direct fiber feeding method is expected to improve the mechanical properties. Hence, this study aims to investigate the feasibility of a direct fiber feeding extrusion process for manufacturing glass-fiber-reinforced mPPO or GFmPPO. The manufactured GF/mPPO composites exhibited increased tensile and flexural properties as the fiber content increased up to 50 wt% of GF owing to the predominant effects of fiber content. Nevertheless, the larger core area in the cross-section micrograph of the tensile specimen of the GF/mPPO composite with 50 wt% of GF was observed to reduce the fiber efficiency factor for tensile strength. Meanwhile, the impact strength of the GF/mPPO composites decreased with increasing GF content. This is attributed to the insufficient fiber length for the impact strength. As the GF content increased, the glass transition temperature slightly decreased. This result was interpreted as being a result of thermal degradation during the extrusion process to manufacture the GF/mPPO masterbatch. The results of the dynamic mechanical analyses, e.g., storage modulus and tan δ, show the good correlation with the increased flexural modulus, the decreased glass transition temperature, and the impact strength as the GF content increased. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:06:47Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:06:47Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ad3a9b64b82f4b1b9b19f47c34af58ff2023-11-22T20:30:14ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-11-0111211026610.3390/app112110266Preparation and Characterization of Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Modified Polyphenylene Oxide by a Direct Fiber Feeding Extrusion ProcessSeungJae Ahn0Jae-Chul Lee1Ki-Young Kim2Material & Component Convergence R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 143 Hanggaulro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Gyeonggi, KoreaMaterial & Component Convergence R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 143 Hanggaulro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Gyeonggi, KoreaMaterial & Component Convergence R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, 143 Hanggaulro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Gyeonggi, KoreaPolyphenylene oxide (PPO) polymers have good mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties, but they have poor processability owing to their quite high melt viscosity. This hinders the manufacturing processes of fiber-reinforced thermoplastics that have enhanced mechanical and physical properties. Although PPO was modified by blending with polystyrene (PS) or polyamide to improve processability, the modified PPO (mPPO) still had a high melt viscosity compared with other polymers. Thus, the fiber-reinforced mPPO is manufactured by compounding with chopped fiber, while various methods are applied to manufacture the fiber-reinforced polypropylene and polyamide in order to improve properties. One of the methods is a direct fiber feeding method, which can keep the longer fiber length because of a direct and continuous roving yarn feeding without chopping. Therefore, the composite manufactured by the direct fiber feeding method is expected to improve the mechanical properties. Hence, this study aims to investigate the feasibility of a direct fiber feeding extrusion process for manufacturing glass-fiber-reinforced mPPO or GFmPPO. The manufactured GF/mPPO composites exhibited increased tensile and flexural properties as the fiber content increased up to 50 wt% of GF owing to the predominant effects of fiber content. Nevertheless, the larger core area in the cross-section micrograph of the tensile specimen of the GF/mPPO composite with 50 wt% of GF was observed to reduce the fiber efficiency factor for tensile strength. Meanwhile, the impact strength of the GF/mPPO composites decreased with increasing GF content. This is attributed to the insufficient fiber length for the impact strength. As the GF content increased, the glass transition temperature slightly decreased. This result was interpreted as being a result of thermal degradation during the extrusion process to manufacture the GF/mPPO masterbatch. The results of the dynamic mechanical analyses, e.g., storage modulus and tan δ, show the good correlation with the increased flexural modulus, the decreased glass transition temperature, and the impact strength as the GF content increased.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/21/10266polyphenylene oxideglass-fiber-reinforced thermoplasticshort fiber compositedirect fiber feeding extrusion |
| spellingShingle | SeungJae Ahn Jae-Chul Lee Ki-Young Kim Preparation and Characterization of Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Modified Polyphenylene Oxide by a Direct Fiber Feeding Extrusion Process Applied Sciences polyphenylene oxide glass-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic short fiber composite direct fiber feeding extrusion |
| title | Preparation and Characterization of Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Modified Polyphenylene Oxide by a Direct Fiber Feeding Extrusion Process |
| title_full | Preparation and Characterization of Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Modified Polyphenylene Oxide by a Direct Fiber Feeding Extrusion Process |
| title_fullStr | Preparation and Characterization of Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Modified Polyphenylene Oxide by a Direct Fiber Feeding Extrusion Process |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preparation and Characterization of Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Modified Polyphenylene Oxide by a Direct Fiber Feeding Extrusion Process |
| title_short | Preparation and Characterization of Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Modified Polyphenylene Oxide by a Direct Fiber Feeding Extrusion Process |
| title_sort | preparation and characterization of glass fiber reinforced modified polyphenylene oxide by a direct fiber feeding extrusion process |
| topic | polyphenylene oxide glass-fiber-reinforced thermoplastic short fiber composite direct fiber feeding extrusion |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/21/10266 |
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