A Novel Energy-Efficient Contention-Based MAC Protocol Used for OA-UWSN
A hybrid optical-acoustic underwater wireless sensor network (OA-UWSN) was proposed to solve the problem of high-speed transmission of real-time video and images in marine information detection. This paper proposes a novel energy-efficient contention-based media access control (MAC) protocol (OA-CMA...
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| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/1/183 |
| _version_ | 1798005566869602304 |
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| author | Jingjing Wang Jie Shen Wei Shi Gang Qiao Shaoen Wu Xinjie Wang |
| author_facet | Jingjing Wang Jie Shen Wei Shi Gang Qiao Shaoen Wu Xinjie Wang |
| author_sort | Jingjing Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A hybrid optical-acoustic underwater wireless sensor network (OA-UWSN) was proposed to solve the problem of high-speed transmission of real-time video and images in marine information detection. This paper proposes a novel energy-efficient contention-based media access control (MAC) protocol (OA-CMAC) for the OA-UWSN. Based on optical-acoustic fusion technology, our proposed OA-CMAC combines the postponed access mechanism in carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) and multiplexing-based spatial division multiple access (SDMA) technology to achieve high-speed and real-time data transmission. The protocol first performs an acoustic handshake to obtain the location information of a transceiver node, ensuring that the channel is idle. Otherwise, it performs postponed access and waits for the next time slot to contend for the channel again. Then, an optical handshake is performed to detect whether the channel condition satisfies the optical transmission, and beam alignment is performed at the same time. Finally, the nodes transmit data using optical communication. If the channel conditions do not meet the requirements for optical communication, a small amount of data with high priority is transmitted through acoustic communication. An evaluation of the proposed MAC protocol was performed with OMNeT++ simulations. The results showed that when the optical handshaking success ratio was greater than 50%, compared to the O-A handshake protocol in the literature, our protocol could result in doubled throughput. Due to the low energy consumption of optical communication, the node’s lifetime is 30% longer than that of pure acoustic communication, greatly reducing the network operation cost. Therefore, it is suitable for large-scale underwater sensor networks with high loads. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:42:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ad3df10f626e4a45a505de575637a27b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:42:19Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-ad3df10f626e4a45a505de575637a27b2022-12-22T04:23:28ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202019-01-0119118310.3390/s19010183s19010183A Novel Energy-Efficient Contention-Based MAC Protocol Used for OA-UWSNJingjing Wang0Jie Shen1Wei Shi2Gang Qiao3Shaoen Wu4Xinjie Wang5School of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266061, ChinaSchool of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266061, ChinaSchool of Information Science and Technology, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266061, ChinaCollege of Underwater Acoustic Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, ChinaDepartment of Computer Science, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47304, USASchool of Information and Control Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266000, ChinaA hybrid optical-acoustic underwater wireless sensor network (OA-UWSN) was proposed to solve the problem of high-speed transmission of real-time video and images in marine information detection. This paper proposes a novel energy-efficient contention-based media access control (MAC) protocol (OA-CMAC) for the OA-UWSN. Based on optical-acoustic fusion technology, our proposed OA-CMAC combines the postponed access mechanism in carrier sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) and multiplexing-based spatial division multiple access (SDMA) technology to achieve high-speed and real-time data transmission. The protocol first performs an acoustic handshake to obtain the location information of a transceiver node, ensuring that the channel is idle. Otherwise, it performs postponed access and waits for the next time slot to contend for the channel again. Then, an optical handshake is performed to detect whether the channel condition satisfies the optical transmission, and beam alignment is performed at the same time. Finally, the nodes transmit data using optical communication. If the channel conditions do not meet the requirements for optical communication, a small amount of data with high priority is transmitted through acoustic communication. An evaluation of the proposed MAC protocol was performed with OMNeT++ simulations. The results showed that when the optical handshaking success ratio was greater than 50%, compared to the O-A handshake protocol in the literature, our protocol could result in doubled throughput. Due to the low energy consumption of optical communication, the node’s lifetime is 30% longer than that of pure acoustic communication, greatly reducing the network operation cost. Therefore, it is suitable for large-scale underwater sensor networks with high loads.http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/1/183MAC protocolOA-UWSNhigh throughputlow energycontention-based |
| spellingShingle | Jingjing Wang Jie Shen Wei Shi Gang Qiao Shaoen Wu Xinjie Wang A Novel Energy-Efficient Contention-Based MAC Protocol Used for OA-UWSN Sensors MAC protocol OA-UWSN high throughput low energy contention-based |
| title | A Novel Energy-Efficient Contention-Based MAC Protocol Used for OA-UWSN |
| title_full | A Novel Energy-Efficient Contention-Based MAC Protocol Used for OA-UWSN |
| title_fullStr | A Novel Energy-Efficient Contention-Based MAC Protocol Used for OA-UWSN |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Novel Energy-Efficient Contention-Based MAC Protocol Used for OA-UWSN |
| title_short | A Novel Energy-Efficient Contention-Based MAC Protocol Used for OA-UWSN |
| title_sort | novel energy efficient contention based mac protocol used for oa uwsn |
| topic | MAC protocol OA-UWSN high throughput low energy contention-based |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/1/183 |
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