Alkylamide Profiling of Pericarps Coupled with Chemometric Analysis to Distinguish Prickly Ash Pericarps
Because of extensive cultivation areas, various cultivars, nonstandard naming notations, and morphology similarity among relative cultivars, adulteration and associated business fraud may happen in the marketplaces of prickly ash pericarps due to higher financial gain and high-frequency trading. Thi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/4/866 |
| _version_ | 1797537606343327744 |
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| author | Yao Ma Lu Tian Xiaona Wang Chen Huang Mingjing Tian Anzhi Wei |
| author_facet | Yao Ma Lu Tian Xiaona Wang Chen Huang Mingjing Tian Anzhi Wei |
| author_sort | Yao Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Because of extensive cultivation areas, various cultivars, nonstandard naming notations, and morphology similarity among relative cultivars, adulteration and associated business fraud may happen in the marketplaces of prickly ash pericarps due to higher financial gain and high-frequency trading. This study presents variations in the chemical components and contents of different prickly ash species from different plantations. Alkylamide profiling of pericarps derived from <i>Zanthoxylum armatum</i>, <i>Z. bungeanum,</i> and some relative <i>Zanthoxylum</i> species from 72 plantations across China were tested using ultra-performance liquid chromatography. Then, several chemometrics were applied to classify the prickly ash pericarps to reveal potential indicators that distinguish prickly ash pericarps and to identify the key factors that affect pericarp alkylamide profiling. The dominating alkylamides in the prickly ash pericarps were <i>Z. piperitum</i> (ZP)-amide C (0–20.64 mg/g) and ZP-amide D (0–30.43 mg/g). Alkylamide profiling of prickly ash pericarps varied significantly across species and geographical variations. ZP-amide D in prickly ash pericarps was identified as a potential indicator to distinguish prickly ash species. Longitude and aluminum content in soils were identified as key factors that affected alkylamide profiling of prickly ash pericarps. This study provides a useful tool to classify prickly ash species based on pericarp alkylamide profiling and to determine the key influence factors on pericarp alkylamide variations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:17:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ad48eb57a37a4f3eb362b629bedbe5fa |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:17:36Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-ad48eb57a37a4f3eb362b629bedbe5fa2023-11-21T15:44:49ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582021-04-0110486610.3390/foods10040866Alkylamide Profiling of Pericarps Coupled with Chemometric Analysis to Distinguish Prickly Ash PericarpsYao Ma0Lu Tian1Xiaona Wang2Chen Huang3Mingjing Tian4Anzhi Wei5College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaCollege of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, ChinaBecause of extensive cultivation areas, various cultivars, nonstandard naming notations, and morphology similarity among relative cultivars, adulteration and associated business fraud may happen in the marketplaces of prickly ash pericarps due to higher financial gain and high-frequency trading. This study presents variations in the chemical components and contents of different prickly ash species from different plantations. Alkylamide profiling of pericarps derived from <i>Zanthoxylum armatum</i>, <i>Z. bungeanum,</i> and some relative <i>Zanthoxylum</i> species from 72 plantations across China were tested using ultra-performance liquid chromatography. Then, several chemometrics were applied to classify the prickly ash pericarps to reveal potential indicators that distinguish prickly ash pericarps and to identify the key factors that affect pericarp alkylamide profiling. The dominating alkylamides in the prickly ash pericarps were <i>Z. piperitum</i> (ZP)-amide C (0–20.64 mg/g) and ZP-amide D (0–30.43 mg/g). Alkylamide profiling of prickly ash pericarps varied significantly across species and geographical variations. ZP-amide D in prickly ash pericarps was identified as a potential indicator to distinguish prickly ash species. Longitude and aluminum content in soils were identified as key factors that affected alkylamide profiling of prickly ash pericarps. This study provides a useful tool to classify prickly ash species based on pericarp alkylamide profiling and to determine the key influence factors on pericarp alkylamide variations.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/4/866alkylamide profilingprickly ash pericarpsinfluence factorschemometrics |
| spellingShingle | Yao Ma Lu Tian Xiaona Wang Chen Huang Mingjing Tian Anzhi Wei Alkylamide Profiling of Pericarps Coupled with Chemometric Analysis to Distinguish Prickly Ash Pericarps Foods alkylamide profiling prickly ash pericarps influence factors chemometrics |
| title | Alkylamide Profiling of Pericarps Coupled with Chemometric Analysis to Distinguish Prickly Ash Pericarps |
| title_full | Alkylamide Profiling of Pericarps Coupled with Chemometric Analysis to Distinguish Prickly Ash Pericarps |
| title_fullStr | Alkylamide Profiling of Pericarps Coupled with Chemometric Analysis to Distinguish Prickly Ash Pericarps |
| title_full_unstemmed | Alkylamide Profiling of Pericarps Coupled with Chemometric Analysis to Distinguish Prickly Ash Pericarps |
| title_short | Alkylamide Profiling of Pericarps Coupled with Chemometric Analysis to Distinguish Prickly Ash Pericarps |
| title_sort | alkylamide profiling of pericarps coupled with chemometric analysis to distinguish prickly ash pericarps |
| topic | alkylamide profiling prickly ash pericarps influence factors chemometrics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/10/4/866 |
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