Cognitive- and memory-enhancing effects of Augmentin in Alzheimer’s rats through regulation of gene expression and neuronal cell apoptosis
Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia among older persons. This study looked at how Augmentin affected behavior, gene expression, and apoptosis in rats in which AD had been induced by scopolamine.Methods: The rats were divided into five groups: control, sham, mem...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1154607/full |
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| author | Mahmoud Kandeel Mahmoud Kandeel Mohamed A. Morsy Mohamed A. Morsy Hany M. Abd El-Lateef Hany M. Abd El-Lateef Mohamed Marzok Mohamed Marzok Hossam S. El-Beltagi Hossam S. El-Beltagi Khalid M. Al Khodair Ibrahim Albokhadaim Katharigatta N. Venugopala Katharigatta N. Venugopala |
| author_facet | Mahmoud Kandeel Mahmoud Kandeel Mohamed A. Morsy Mohamed A. Morsy Hany M. Abd El-Lateef Hany M. Abd El-Lateef Mohamed Marzok Mohamed Marzok Hossam S. El-Beltagi Hossam S. El-Beltagi Khalid M. Al Khodair Ibrahim Albokhadaim Katharigatta N. Venugopala Katharigatta N. Venugopala |
| author_sort | Mahmoud Kandeel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia among older persons. This study looked at how Augmentin affected behavior, gene expression, and apoptosis in rats in which AD had been induced by scopolamine.Methods: The rats were divided into five groups: control, sham, memantine, Augmentin, and pre-Augmentin (the last group received Augmentin before scopolamine administration and was treated with memantine). A Morris water maze was utilized to measure spatial memory in the animals, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and flow cytometry were employed to analyze gene expression and neuronal cell apoptosis, respectively.Results: Memantine and Augmentin increased spatial memory in healthy rats. The use of scopolamine impaired spatial memory. Both Augmentin and memantine improved spatial memory in AD rats, particularly in the group that received memantine; however, the outcomes were more substantial when Augmentin was administered before scopolamine was given to induce AD. Furthermore, the expression of presenilin-2 (PSEN2) and inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase B (ITPKB) increased, whereas the expression of DEAD-box helicase 5 (DDX5) fell in the AD-treated groups; however, the results were more substantial after combination therapy. According to flow cytometry studies, Augmentin pre-treatment reduced apoptosis in AD rats.Discussion: The results showed that administering Augmentin to AD rats before memantine improved their spatial memory, reduced neuronal cell death, upregulated protective genes, and suppressed genes involved in AD pathogenesis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:14:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ad497c87956a430b8b92e7833fa1ebb6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:14:02Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj.art-ad497c87956a430b8b92e7833fa1ebb62023-03-09T05:02:03ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122023-03-011410.3389/fphar.2023.11546071154607Cognitive- and memory-enhancing effects of Augmentin in Alzheimer’s rats through regulation of gene expression and neuronal cell apoptosisMahmoud Kandeel0Mahmoud Kandeel1Mohamed A. Morsy2Mohamed A. Morsy3Hany M. Abd El-Lateef4Hany M. Abd El-Lateef5Mohamed Marzok6Mohamed Marzok7Hossam S. El-Beltagi8Hossam S. El-Beltagi9Khalid M. Al Khodair10Ibrahim Albokhadaim11Katharigatta N. Venugopala12Katharigatta N. Venugopala13Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, EgyptDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, El-Minia, EgyptDepartment of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, EgyptDepartment of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, EgyptAgricultural Biotechnology Department, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia0Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt1Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia2Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South AfricaIntroduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia among older persons. This study looked at how Augmentin affected behavior, gene expression, and apoptosis in rats in which AD had been induced by scopolamine.Methods: The rats were divided into five groups: control, sham, memantine, Augmentin, and pre-Augmentin (the last group received Augmentin before scopolamine administration and was treated with memantine). A Morris water maze was utilized to measure spatial memory in the animals, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and flow cytometry were employed to analyze gene expression and neuronal cell apoptosis, respectively.Results: Memantine and Augmentin increased spatial memory in healthy rats. The use of scopolamine impaired spatial memory. Both Augmentin and memantine improved spatial memory in AD rats, particularly in the group that received memantine; however, the outcomes were more substantial when Augmentin was administered before scopolamine was given to induce AD. Furthermore, the expression of presenilin-2 (PSEN2) and inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase B (ITPKB) increased, whereas the expression of DEAD-box helicase 5 (DDX5) fell in the AD-treated groups; however, the results were more substantial after combination therapy. According to flow cytometry studies, Augmentin pre-treatment reduced apoptosis in AD rats.Discussion: The results showed that administering Augmentin to AD rats before memantine improved their spatial memory, reduced neuronal cell death, upregulated protective genes, and suppressed genes involved in AD pathogenesis.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1154607/fullAlzheimer’s diseasememantineaugmentinexpressionapoptosis |
| spellingShingle | Mahmoud Kandeel Mahmoud Kandeel Mohamed A. Morsy Mohamed A. Morsy Hany M. Abd El-Lateef Hany M. Abd El-Lateef Mohamed Marzok Mohamed Marzok Hossam S. El-Beltagi Hossam S. El-Beltagi Khalid M. Al Khodair Ibrahim Albokhadaim Katharigatta N. Venugopala Katharigatta N. Venugopala Cognitive- and memory-enhancing effects of Augmentin in Alzheimer’s rats through regulation of gene expression and neuronal cell apoptosis Frontiers in Pharmacology Alzheimer’s disease memantine augmentin expression apoptosis |
| title | Cognitive- and memory-enhancing effects of Augmentin in Alzheimer’s rats through regulation of gene expression and neuronal cell apoptosis |
| title_full | Cognitive- and memory-enhancing effects of Augmentin in Alzheimer’s rats through regulation of gene expression and neuronal cell apoptosis |
| title_fullStr | Cognitive- and memory-enhancing effects of Augmentin in Alzheimer’s rats through regulation of gene expression and neuronal cell apoptosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cognitive- and memory-enhancing effects of Augmentin in Alzheimer’s rats through regulation of gene expression and neuronal cell apoptosis |
| title_short | Cognitive- and memory-enhancing effects of Augmentin in Alzheimer’s rats through regulation of gene expression and neuronal cell apoptosis |
| title_sort | cognitive and memory enhancing effects of augmentin in alzheimer s rats through regulation of gene expression and neuronal cell apoptosis |
| topic | Alzheimer’s disease memantine augmentin expression apoptosis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2023.1154607/full |
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