Maturation and Conversion of Somatic Embryos Derived from Seeds of Olive (<i>Olea europaea</i> L.) cv. Dahbia: Occurrence of Secondary Embryogenesis and Adventitious Bud Formation
Maturation and conversion of somatic embryos are two crucial steps that hamper the development of efficient somatic embryogenesis systems in olive. Herein, a simple and efficient protocol for the maturation and conversion of olive somatic embryos is reported. Globular somatic embryos derived from se...
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/11/1489 |
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| author | Mouaad Amine Mazri Rachida Naciri Ilham Belkoura |
| author_facet | Mouaad Amine Mazri Rachida Naciri Ilham Belkoura |
| author_sort | Mouaad Amine Mazri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Maturation and conversion of somatic embryos are two crucial steps that hamper the development of efficient somatic embryogenesis systems in olive. Herein, a simple and efficient protocol for the maturation and conversion of olive somatic embryos is reported. Globular somatic embryos derived from seeds of cv. Dahbia were cultured on either half-strength olive (OM) or olive cyclic embryogenesis (ECO) media, with and without plant growth regulators (PGRs). The embryos reached the cotyledonary stage in 9 weeks, but those cultured on ECO medium containing 0.1 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> 6-(dimethylallylamino)purine (2iP), 0.1 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.05 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) exhibited the largest sizes, with an average of 4.7 mm. Somatic embryo conversion into plantlets was evaluated using different culture media (half-strength OM or one-third strength Murashige and Skoog (MS)), light conditions (light or dark) and desiccation pretreatments. The highest rate of somatic embryo conversion (45%) was observed under a 16 h photoperiod on half strength OM medium containing 0.1 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> gibberellic acid (GA<sub>3</sub>) and 0.1 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The embryos that failed to germinate showed either necrosis, cotyledon greening with no further conversion, adventitious bud formation or secondary embryogenesis. The findings of this study will be beneficial for biotechnological applications in olive. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ad4f827f70054e52b94e0563c7b715ee2023-11-20T19:48:51ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472020-11-01911148910.3390/plants9111489Maturation and Conversion of Somatic Embryos Derived from Seeds of Olive (<i>Olea europaea</i> L.) cv. Dahbia: Occurrence of Secondary Embryogenesis and Adventitious Bud FormationMouaad Amine Mazri0Rachida Naciri1Ilham Belkoura2Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Végétale, CRRA-Marrakech, UR Agro-Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Marrakech BP 533, MoroccoLaboratoire de Culture In Vitro, Département des Sciences de Base, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture, Meknes BP S/40, MoroccoLaboratoire de Culture In Vitro, Département des Sciences de Base, Ecole Nationale d’Agriculture, Meknes BP S/40, MoroccoMaturation and conversion of somatic embryos are two crucial steps that hamper the development of efficient somatic embryogenesis systems in olive. Herein, a simple and efficient protocol for the maturation and conversion of olive somatic embryos is reported. Globular somatic embryos derived from seeds of cv. Dahbia were cultured on either half-strength olive (OM) or olive cyclic embryogenesis (ECO) media, with and without plant growth regulators (PGRs). The embryos reached the cotyledonary stage in 9 weeks, but those cultured on ECO medium containing 0.1 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> 6-(dimethylallylamino)purine (2iP), 0.1 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> 6-benzyladenine (BA) and 0.05 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) exhibited the largest sizes, with an average of 4.7 mm. Somatic embryo conversion into plantlets was evaluated using different culture media (half-strength OM or one-third strength Murashige and Skoog (MS)), light conditions (light or dark) and desiccation pretreatments. The highest rate of somatic embryo conversion (45%) was observed under a 16 h photoperiod on half strength OM medium containing 0.1 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> gibberellic acid (GA<sub>3</sub>) and 0.1 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The embryos that failed to germinate showed either necrosis, cotyledon greening with no further conversion, adventitious bud formation or secondary embryogenesis. The findings of this study will be beneficial for biotechnological applications in olive.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/11/1489adventitious budin vitro tissue culturesecondary embryogenesissomatic embryogenesis |
| spellingShingle | Mouaad Amine Mazri Rachida Naciri Ilham Belkoura Maturation and Conversion of Somatic Embryos Derived from Seeds of Olive (<i>Olea europaea</i> L.) cv. Dahbia: Occurrence of Secondary Embryogenesis and Adventitious Bud Formation Plants adventitious bud in vitro tissue culture secondary embryogenesis somatic embryogenesis |
| title | Maturation and Conversion of Somatic Embryos Derived from Seeds of Olive (<i>Olea europaea</i> L.) cv. Dahbia: Occurrence of Secondary Embryogenesis and Adventitious Bud Formation |
| title_full | Maturation and Conversion of Somatic Embryos Derived from Seeds of Olive (<i>Olea europaea</i> L.) cv. Dahbia: Occurrence of Secondary Embryogenesis and Adventitious Bud Formation |
| title_fullStr | Maturation and Conversion of Somatic Embryos Derived from Seeds of Olive (<i>Olea europaea</i> L.) cv. Dahbia: Occurrence of Secondary Embryogenesis and Adventitious Bud Formation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Maturation and Conversion of Somatic Embryos Derived from Seeds of Olive (<i>Olea europaea</i> L.) cv. Dahbia: Occurrence of Secondary Embryogenesis and Adventitious Bud Formation |
| title_short | Maturation and Conversion of Somatic Embryos Derived from Seeds of Olive (<i>Olea europaea</i> L.) cv. Dahbia: Occurrence of Secondary Embryogenesis and Adventitious Bud Formation |
| title_sort | maturation and conversion of somatic embryos derived from seeds of olive i olea europaea i l cv dahbia occurrence of secondary embryogenesis and adventitious bud formation |
| topic | adventitious bud in vitro tissue culture secondary embryogenesis somatic embryogenesis |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/11/1489 |
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