SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive and PCR-negative cases of pneumonia admitted to the hospital during the peak of COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of in-hospital and post-hospital mortality
Abstract Background During the spike of COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan (June-2020), multiple SARS-CoV-2 PCR-test negative pneumonia cases with higher mortality were reported by media. We aimed to study the epidemiologic characteristics of hospitalized PCR-test positive and negative patients with an...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-05-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06154-z |
| _version_ | 1818597528101191680 |
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| author | Abduzhappar Gaipov Arnur Gusmanov Anara Abbay Yesbolat Sakko Alpamys Issanov Kainar Kadyrzhanuly Zhanar Yermakhanova Lazzat Aliyeva Ardak Kashkynbayev Iklas Moldaliyev Byron Crape Antonio Sarria-Santamera |
| author_facet | Abduzhappar Gaipov Arnur Gusmanov Anara Abbay Yesbolat Sakko Alpamys Issanov Kainar Kadyrzhanuly Zhanar Yermakhanova Lazzat Aliyeva Ardak Kashkynbayev Iklas Moldaliyev Byron Crape Antonio Sarria-Santamera |
| author_sort | Abduzhappar Gaipov |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background During the spike of COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan (June-2020), multiple SARS-CoV-2 PCR-test negative pneumonia cases with higher mortality were reported by media. We aimed to study the epidemiologic characteristics of hospitalized PCR-test positive and negative patients with analysis of in-hospital and post-hospital mortality. We also compare the respiratory disease characteristics between 2019 and 2020. Methods The study population consist of 17,691 (March–July-2020) and 4600 (March–July-2019) hospitalized patients with respiratory diseases (including COVID-19). The incidence rate, case-fatality rate and survival analysis for overall mortality (in-hospital and post-hospital) were assessed. Results The incidence and mortality rates for respiratory diseases were 4-fold and 11-fold higher in 2020 compared to 2019 (877.5 vs 228.2 and 11.2 vs 1.2 per 100,000 respectively). The PCR-positive cases (compared to PCR-negative) had 2-fold higher risk of overall mortality. We observed 24% higher risk of death in males compared to females and in older patients compared to younger ones. Patients residing in rural areas had 66% higher risk of death compared to city residents and being treated in a provisional hospital was associated with 1.9-fold increased mortality compared to those who were treated in infectious disease hospitals. Conclusion This is the first study from the Central Asia and Eurasia regions, evaluating the mortality of SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive and PCR-negative respiratory system diseases during the peak of COVID-19 pandemic. We describe a higher mortality rate for PCR-test positive cases compared to PCR-test negative cases, for males compared to females, for elder patients compared to younger ones and for patients living in rural areas compared to city residents. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T11:49:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ad61c49e821941adb14de1aa81926a39 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T11:49:14Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-ad61c49e821941adb14de1aa81926a392022-12-21T22:32:45ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342021-05-0121111510.1186/s12879-021-06154-zSARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive and PCR-negative cases of pneumonia admitted to the hospital during the peak of COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of in-hospital and post-hospital mortalityAbduzhappar Gaipov0Arnur Gusmanov1Anara Abbay2Yesbolat Sakko3Alpamys Issanov4Kainar Kadyrzhanuly5Zhanar Yermakhanova6Lazzat Aliyeva7Ardak Kashkynbayev8Iklas Moldaliyev9Byron Crape10Antonio Sarria-Santamera11Department of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of MedicineDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Akhmet Yassawi University Medical FacultyDepartment of expertise, Social Health Insurance Fund branch of the Turkestan RegionDepartment of Mathematics, Nazarbayev University School of Sciences and HumanitiesDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Akhmet Yassawi University Medical FacultyDepartment of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of MedicineDepartment of Medicine, Nazarbayev University School of MedicineAbstract Background During the spike of COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan (June-2020), multiple SARS-CoV-2 PCR-test negative pneumonia cases with higher mortality were reported by media. We aimed to study the epidemiologic characteristics of hospitalized PCR-test positive and negative patients with analysis of in-hospital and post-hospital mortality. We also compare the respiratory disease characteristics between 2019 and 2020. Methods The study population consist of 17,691 (March–July-2020) and 4600 (March–July-2019) hospitalized patients with respiratory diseases (including COVID-19). The incidence rate, case-fatality rate and survival analysis for overall mortality (in-hospital and post-hospital) were assessed. Results The incidence and mortality rates for respiratory diseases were 4-fold and 11-fold higher in 2020 compared to 2019 (877.5 vs 228.2 and 11.2 vs 1.2 per 100,000 respectively). The PCR-positive cases (compared to PCR-negative) had 2-fold higher risk of overall mortality. We observed 24% higher risk of death in males compared to females and in older patients compared to younger ones. Patients residing in rural areas had 66% higher risk of death compared to city residents and being treated in a provisional hospital was associated with 1.9-fold increased mortality compared to those who were treated in infectious disease hospitals. Conclusion This is the first study from the Central Asia and Eurasia regions, evaluating the mortality of SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive and PCR-negative respiratory system diseases during the peak of COVID-19 pandemic. We describe a higher mortality rate for PCR-test positive cases compared to PCR-test negative cases, for males compared to females, for elder patients compared to younger ones and for patients living in rural areas compared to city residents.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06154-zSARS-CoV-2COVID-19-like pneumoniaPCR testIn-hospital mortalityPost-hospital mortalityProvisional hospitals |
| spellingShingle | Abduzhappar Gaipov Arnur Gusmanov Anara Abbay Yesbolat Sakko Alpamys Issanov Kainar Kadyrzhanuly Zhanar Yermakhanova Lazzat Aliyeva Ardak Kashkynbayev Iklas Moldaliyev Byron Crape Antonio Sarria-Santamera SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive and PCR-negative cases of pneumonia admitted to the hospital during the peak of COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of in-hospital and post-hospital mortality BMC Infectious Diseases SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19-like pneumonia PCR test In-hospital mortality Post-hospital mortality Provisional hospitals |
| title | SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive and PCR-negative cases of pneumonia admitted to the hospital during the peak of COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of in-hospital and post-hospital mortality |
| title_full | SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive and PCR-negative cases of pneumonia admitted to the hospital during the peak of COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of in-hospital and post-hospital mortality |
| title_fullStr | SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive and PCR-negative cases of pneumonia admitted to the hospital during the peak of COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of in-hospital and post-hospital mortality |
| title_full_unstemmed | SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive and PCR-negative cases of pneumonia admitted to the hospital during the peak of COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of in-hospital and post-hospital mortality |
| title_short | SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive and PCR-negative cases of pneumonia admitted to the hospital during the peak of COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of in-hospital and post-hospital mortality |
| title_sort | sars cov 2 pcr positive and pcr negative cases of pneumonia admitted to the hospital during the peak of covid 19 pandemic analysis of in hospital and post hospital mortality |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19-like pneumonia PCR test In-hospital mortality Post-hospital mortality Provisional hospitals |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06154-z |
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