Vancomycin and Linezolid-Resistant Enterococcus Isolates from a Tertiary Care Center in India
Introduction: There is increasing development of antibiotic resistance among the Enterococcus species. Objectives: This study was performed to determine prevalence and characterize the vancomycin-resistant and linezolid-resistant enterococcus isolates from a tertiary care center. Moreover, the antim...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Diagnostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/5/945 |
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| author | Mallika Sengupta Riya Sarkar Soma Sarkar Manideepa Sengupta Sougata Ghosh Parthajit Banerjee |
| author_facet | Mallika Sengupta Riya Sarkar Soma Sarkar Manideepa Sengupta Sougata Ghosh Parthajit Banerjee |
| author_sort | Mallika Sengupta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: There is increasing development of antibiotic resistance among the Enterococcus species. Objectives: This study was performed to determine prevalence and characterize the vancomycin-resistant and linezolid-resistant enterococcus isolates from a tertiary care center. Moreover, the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of these isolates was also determined. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was performed in Medical College, Kolkata, India, over a period of two years (from January 2018 to December 2019). After obtaining clearance from the Institutional Ethics Committee, Enterococcus isolates from various samples were included in the present investigation. In addition to the various conventional biochemical tests, the VITEK 2 Compact system was used to identify the Enterococcus species. The isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to different antibiotics using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method and VITEK 2 Compact to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 2017 guidelines were used to interpret susceptibility. Multiplex PCR was performed for genetic characterization of the vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus isolates and sequencing was performed for characterization of the linezolid-resistant Enterococcus isolates. Results: During the period of two years, 371 isolates of <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. were obtained from 4934 clinical isolates showing a prevalence of 7.52%. Among these isolates, 239 (64.42%) were <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, 114 (30.72%) <i>Enterococcus faecium</i>, and others were <i>Enterococcus durans</i>, <i>Enterococcus casseliflavus</i>, <i>Enterococcus gallinarum</i>, and <i>Enterococcus avium</i>. Among these, 24 (6.47%) were VRE (Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus) of which 18 isolates were Van A type and six isolates of <i>Enterococcus casseliflavus</i> and <i>Enterococcus gallinarum</i> were resistant VanC type. There were two linezolid-resistant Enterococcus, and they were found to have the G2576T mutation. Among the 371 isolates, 252 (67.92%) were multi-drug resistant. Conclusion: This study found an increasing prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus isolates. There is also an alarming prevalence of multidrug resistance among these isolates. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ad6430e9225747f1a99db8bb04192ec02023-11-17T07:30:19ZengMDPI AGDiagnostics2075-44182023-03-0113594510.3390/diagnostics13050945Vancomycin and Linezolid-Resistant Enterococcus Isolates from a Tertiary Care Center in IndiaMallika Sengupta0Riya Sarkar1Soma Sarkar2Manideepa Sengupta3Sougata Ghosh4Parthajit Banerjee5Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Kalyani 741245, IndiaVijaya Diagnostics Laboratory, Hyderabad 500029, IndiaDepartment of Microbiology, NRS Medical College, Kolkata 700014, IndiaDepartment of Microbiology, Medical College, Kolkata 700073, IndiaDepartment of Microbiology, Medical College, Kolkata 700073, IndiaDepartment of Microbiology, KPC Medical College, Kolkata 700032, IndiaIntroduction: There is increasing development of antibiotic resistance among the Enterococcus species. Objectives: This study was performed to determine prevalence and characterize the vancomycin-resistant and linezolid-resistant enterococcus isolates from a tertiary care center. Moreover, the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of these isolates was also determined. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was performed in Medical College, Kolkata, India, over a period of two years (from January 2018 to December 2019). After obtaining clearance from the Institutional Ethics Committee, Enterococcus isolates from various samples were included in the present investigation. In addition to the various conventional biochemical tests, the VITEK 2 Compact system was used to identify the Enterococcus species. The isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to different antibiotics using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method and VITEK 2 Compact to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) 2017 guidelines were used to interpret susceptibility. Multiplex PCR was performed for genetic characterization of the vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus isolates and sequencing was performed for characterization of the linezolid-resistant Enterococcus isolates. Results: During the period of two years, 371 isolates of <i>Enterococcus</i> spp. were obtained from 4934 clinical isolates showing a prevalence of 7.52%. Among these isolates, 239 (64.42%) were <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i>, 114 (30.72%) <i>Enterococcus faecium</i>, and others were <i>Enterococcus durans</i>, <i>Enterococcus casseliflavus</i>, <i>Enterococcus gallinarum</i>, and <i>Enterococcus avium</i>. Among these, 24 (6.47%) were VRE (Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus) of which 18 isolates were Van A type and six isolates of <i>Enterococcus casseliflavus</i> and <i>Enterococcus gallinarum</i> were resistant VanC type. There were two linezolid-resistant Enterococcus, and they were found to have the G2576T mutation. Among the 371 isolates, 252 (67.92%) were multi-drug resistant. Conclusion: This study found an increasing prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus isolates. There is also an alarming prevalence of multidrug resistance among these isolates.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/5/945VRELREresistantEnterococcus |
| spellingShingle | Mallika Sengupta Riya Sarkar Soma Sarkar Manideepa Sengupta Sougata Ghosh Parthajit Banerjee Vancomycin and Linezolid-Resistant Enterococcus Isolates from a Tertiary Care Center in India Diagnostics VRE LRE resistant Enterococcus |
| title | Vancomycin and Linezolid-Resistant Enterococcus Isolates from a Tertiary Care Center in India |
| title_full | Vancomycin and Linezolid-Resistant Enterococcus Isolates from a Tertiary Care Center in India |
| title_fullStr | Vancomycin and Linezolid-Resistant Enterococcus Isolates from a Tertiary Care Center in India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vancomycin and Linezolid-Resistant Enterococcus Isolates from a Tertiary Care Center in India |
| title_short | Vancomycin and Linezolid-Resistant Enterococcus Isolates from a Tertiary Care Center in India |
| title_sort | vancomycin and linezolid resistant enterococcus isolates from a tertiary care center in india |
| topic | VRE LRE resistant Enterococcus |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/13/5/945 |
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