Metabolically healthy obesity and physical fitness in military males in the CHIEF study
Abstract The metabolically healthy obese (MHO) characterized by the absence of metabolic syndrome have shown superior cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and similar muscular strength as compared with the metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). However, this finding might be biased by the baseline sedentar...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Portfolio
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88728-0 |
| _version_ | 1818430876243984384 |
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| author | Sheng-Huei Wang Pei-Shou Chung Yen-Po Lin Kun-Zhe Tsai Ssu-Chin Lin Chia-Hao Fan Yu-Kai Lin Gen-Min Lin |
| author_facet | Sheng-Huei Wang Pei-Shou Chung Yen-Po Lin Kun-Zhe Tsai Ssu-Chin Lin Chia-Hao Fan Yu-Kai Lin Gen-Min Lin |
| author_sort | Sheng-Huei Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The metabolically healthy obese (MHO) characterized by the absence of metabolic syndrome have shown superior cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and similar muscular strength as compared with the metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). However, this finding might be biased by the baseline sedentary behavior in the general population. This study utilized 3669 physically active military males aged 18–50 years in Taiwan. Obesity and metabolically unhealthy were respectively defined as body mass index ≥ 27.5 kg/m2 and presence of at least two major components of the metabolic syndrome, according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria for Asian male adults. Four groups were accordingly classified as the metabolically healthy lean (MHL, n = 2510), metabolically unhealthy lean (MUL, n = 331), MHO (n = 181) and MUO (n = 647). CRF was evaluated by time for a 3-km run, and muscular strengths were separately assessed by numbers of push-up and sit-up within 2 min. Analysis of covariance was utilized to compare the difference in each exercise performance between groups adjusting for age, service specialty, smoking, alcohol intake and physical activity. The metabolic syndrome prevalence in MUL and MUO was 49.8% and 47.6%, respectively. The performance of CRF did not differ between MHO and MUO (892.3 ± 5.4 s and 892.6 ± 3.0 s, p = 0.97) which were both inferior to MUL and MHL (875.2 ± 4.0 s and 848.6 ± 1.3 s, all p values < 0.05). The performance of muscular strengths evaluated by 2-min push-ups did not differ between MUL and MUO (45.3 ± 0.6 and 45.2 ± 0.4, p = 0.78) which were both less than MHO and MHL (48.4 ± 0.8 and 50.6 ± 0.2, all p values < 0.05). However, the performance of 2-min sit-ups were only superior in MHL (48.1 ± 0.1) as compared with MUL, MHO and MUO (45.9 ± 0.4, 46.7 ± 0.5 and 46.1 ± 0.3, respectively, all p values < 0.05). Our findings suggested that in a physically active male cohort, the MHO might have greater muscle strengths, but have similar CRF level compared with the MUO. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T15:40:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ad77ce9054084f51b169b62ad1a0fd7c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T15:40:22Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ad77ce9054084f51b169b62ad1a0fd7c2022-12-21T22:55:37ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222021-04-011111910.1038/s41598-021-88728-0Metabolically healthy obesity and physical fitness in military males in the CHIEF studySheng-Huei Wang0Pei-Shou Chung1Yen-Po Lin2Kun-Zhe Tsai3Ssu-Chin Lin4Chia-Hao Fan5Yu-Kai Lin6Gen-Min Lin7Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical CenterDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical CenterDepartment of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi General HospitalDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General HospitalDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General HospitalDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General HospitalInstitute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical CenterDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hualien Armed Forces General HospitalAbstract The metabolically healthy obese (MHO) characterized by the absence of metabolic syndrome have shown superior cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and similar muscular strength as compared with the metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). However, this finding might be biased by the baseline sedentary behavior in the general population. This study utilized 3669 physically active military males aged 18–50 years in Taiwan. Obesity and metabolically unhealthy were respectively defined as body mass index ≥ 27.5 kg/m2 and presence of at least two major components of the metabolic syndrome, according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria for Asian male adults. Four groups were accordingly classified as the metabolically healthy lean (MHL, n = 2510), metabolically unhealthy lean (MUL, n = 331), MHO (n = 181) and MUO (n = 647). CRF was evaluated by time for a 3-km run, and muscular strengths were separately assessed by numbers of push-up and sit-up within 2 min. Analysis of covariance was utilized to compare the difference in each exercise performance between groups adjusting for age, service specialty, smoking, alcohol intake and physical activity. The metabolic syndrome prevalence in MUL and MUO was 49.8% and 47.6%, respectively. The performance of CRF did not differ between MHO and MUO (892.3 ± 5.4 s and 892.6 ± 3.0 s, p = 0.97) which were both inferior to MUL and MHL (875.2 ± 4.0 s and 848.6 ± 1.3 s, all p values < 0.05). The performance of muscular strengths evaluated by 2-min push-ups did not differ between MUL and MUO (45.3 ± 0.6 and 45.2 ± 0.4, p = 0.78) which were both less than MHO and MHL (48.4 ± 0.8 and 50.6 ± 0.2, all p values < 0.05). However, the performance of 2-min sit-ups were only superior in MHL (48.1 ± 0.1) as compared with MUL, MHO and MUO (45.9 ± 0.4, 46.7 ± 0.5 and 46.1 ± 0.3, respectively, all p values < 0.05). Our findings suggested that in a physically active male cohort, the MHO might have greater muscle strengths, but have similar CRF level compared with the MUO.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88728-0 |
| spellingShingle | Sheng-Huei Wang Pei-Shou Chung Yen-Po Lin Kun-Zhe Tsai Ssu-Chin Lin Chia-Hao Fan Yu-Kai Lin Gen-Min Lin Metabolically healthy obesity and physical fitness in military males in the CHIEF study Scientific Reports |
| title | Metabolically healthy obesity and physical fitness in military males in the CHIEF study |
| title_full | Metabolically healthy obesity and physical fitness in military males in the CHIEF study |
| title_fullStr | Metabolically healthy obesity and physical fitness in military males in the CHIEF study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metabolically healthy obesity and physical fitness in military males in the CHIEF study |
| title_short | Metabolically healthy obesity and physical fitness in military males in the CHIEF study |
| title_sort | metabolically healthy obesity and physical fitness in military males in the chief study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88728-0 |
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