Hydrothermal Synthesis and Annealing Effect on the Properties of Gas-Sensitive Copper Oxide Nanowires
In this study, we report a straightforward and reproducible hydrothermal synthesis of copper oxide nanowires, their morphological and chemical characterization, and their application in gas sensing. Results show that the hydrothermal process is mainly influenced by the reaction time and the concentr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Chemosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/10/9/353 |
| _version_ | 1827662431466291200 |
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| author | Martha Claros Isabel Gràcia Eduard Figueras Stella Vallejos |
| author_facet | Martha Claros Isabel Gràcia Eduard Figueras Stella Vallejos |
| author_sort | Martha Claros |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, we report a straightforward and reproducible hydrothermal synthesis of copper oxide nanowires, their morphological and chemical characterization, and their application in gas sensing. Results show that the hydrothermal process is mainly influenced by the reaction time and the concentration of the reducing agent, demonstrating the synthesis of fine and long nanowires (diameter of 50–200 nm and length of 25 µm) after 10 h of reaction with 0.1 M of pyrrole. Two different annealing temperatures were tested (205 and 450 °C) and their effect on the morphology, chemical composition, and crystal size of the nanowires was analyzed by SEM, XPS, and XRD techniques, respectively. The analysis shows that the Cu<sup>2+</sup> oxidation state is mainly obtained at the higher annealing temperature, and the nanowires’ shape suffers a transformation due to the formation of agglomerated crystallites. The gas sensing tests for acetone, ethanol, toluene, and carbon monoxide show preferential response and sensitivity to acetone and ethanol over the other analytes. The annealing temperature proves to have a higher influence on the stability of the nanowires than on their gas sensitivity and selectivity, showing better medium-term stability for the nanowires annealed at 450 °C. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:25:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ad7924b16ad945dcbce5b81805eda806 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9040 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:25:00Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Chemosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-ad7924b16ad945dcbce5b81805eda8062023-11-23T15:35:41ZengMDPI AGChemosensors2227-90402022-08-0110935310.3390/chemosensors10090353Hydrothermal Synthesis and Annealing Effect on the Properties of Gas-Sensitive Copper Oxide NanowiresMartha Claros0Isabel Gràcia1Eduard Figueras2Stella Vallejos3Escuela de Ingeniería Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Brasil 2162, Valparaíso 2362854, ChileInstitute of Microelectronics of Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Campus UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, SpainInstitute of Microelectronics of Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Campus UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, SpainInstitute of Microelectronics of Barcelona (IMB-CNM, CSIC), Campus UAB, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193 Barcelona, SpainIn this study, we report a straightforward and reproducible hydrothermal synthesis of copper oxide nanowires, their morphological and chemical characterization, and their application in gas sensing. Results show that the hydrothermal process is mainly influenced by the reaction time and the concentration of the reducing agent, demonstrating the synthesis of fine and long nanowires (diameter of 50–200 nm and length of 25 µm) after 10 h of reaction with 0.1 M of pyrrole. Two different annealing temperatures were tested (205 and 450 °C) and their effect on the morphology, chemical composition, and crystal size of the nanowires was analyzed by SEM, XPS, and XRD techniques, respectively. The analysis shows that the Cu<sup>2+</sup> oxidation state is mainly obtained at the higher annealing temperature, and the nanowires’ shape suffers a transformation due to the formation of agglomerated crystallites. The gas sensing tests for acetone, ethanol, toluene, and carbon monoxide show preferential response and sensitivity to acetone and ethanol over the other analytes. The annealing temperature proves to have a higher influence on the stability of the nanowires than on their gas sensitivity and selectivity, showing better medium-term stability for the nanowires annealed at 450 °C.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/10/9/353copper oxide nanowireshydrothermal synthesisannealinggas sensing |
| spellingShingle | Martha Claros Isabel Gràcia Eduard Figueras Stella Vallejos Hydrothermal Synthesis and Annealing Effect on the Properties of Gas-Sensitive Copper Oxide Nanowires Chemosensors copper oxide nanowires hydrothermal synthesis annealing gas sensing |
| title | Hydrothermal Synthesis and Annealing Effect on the Properties of Gas-Sensitive Copper Oxide Nanowires |
| title_full | Hydrothermal Synthesis and Annealing Effect on the Properties of Gas-Sensitive Copper Oxide Nanowires |
| title_fullStr | Hydrothermal Synthesis and Annealing Effect on the Properties of Gas-Sensitive Copper Oxide Nanowires |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hydrothermal Synthesis and Annealing Effect on the Properties of Gas-Sensitive Copper Oxide Nanowires |
| title_short | Hydrothermal Synthesis and Annealing Effect on the Properties of Gas-Sensitive Copper Oxide Nanowires |
| title_sort | hydrothermal synthesis and annealing effect on the properties of gas sensitive copper oxide nanowires |
| topic | copper oxide nanowires hydrothermal synthesis annealing gas sensing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9040/10/9/353 |
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