Ciguatoxins: Cyclic Polyether Modulators of Voltage-gated Iion Channel Function
Ciguatoxins are cyclic polyether toxins, derived from marine dinoflagellates, which are responsible for the symptoms of ciguatera poisoning. Ingestion of tropical and subtropical fin fish contaminated by ciguatoxins results in an illness characterised by neurological, cardiovascular and gastrointest...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2006-04-01
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| Series: | Marine Drugs |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/4/3/82/ |
| _version_ | 1828115285578612736 |
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| author | Richard J. Lewis Graham M. Nicholson |
| author_facet | Richard J. Lewis Graham M. Nicholson |
| author_sort | Richard J. Lewis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ciguatoxins are cyclic polyether toxins, derived from marine dinoflagellates, which are responsible for the symptoms of ciguatera poisoning. Ingestion of tropical and subtropical fin fish contaminated by ciguatoxins results in an illness characterised by neurological, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disorders. The pharmacology of ciguatoxins is characterised by their ability to cause persistent activation of voltage-gated sodium channels, to increase neuronal excitability and neurotransmitter release, to impair synaptic vesicle recycling, and to cause cell swelling. It is these effects, in combination with an action to block voltage-gated potassium channels at high doses, which are believed to underlie the complex of symptoms associated with ciguatera. This review examines the sources, structures and pharmacology of ciguatoxins. In particular, attention is placed on their cellular modes of actions to modulate voltage-gated ion channels and other Na+-dependent mechanisms in numerous cell types and to current approaches for detection and treatment of ciguatera. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:38:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ad7d5040b6594ba3aa4b2e08971d79e0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:38:04Z |
| publishDate | 2006-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-ad7d5040b6594ba3aa4b2e08971d79e02022-12-22T04:23:35ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972006-04-01438211810.3390/md403082Ciguatoxins: Cyclic Polyether Modulators of Voltage-gated Iion Channel FunctionRichard J. LewisGraham M. NicholsonCiguatoxins are cyclic polyether toxins, derived from marine dinoflagellates, which are responsible for the symptoms of ciguatera poisoning. Ingestion of tropical and subtropical fin fish contaminated by ciguatoxins results in an illness characterised by neurological, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disorders. The pharmacology of ciguatoxins is characterised by their ability to cause persistent activation of voltage-gated sodium channels, to increase neuronal excitability and neurotransmitter release, to impair synaptic vesicle recycling, and to cause cell swelling. It is these effects, in combination with an action to block voltage-gated potassium channels at high doses, which are believed to underlie the complex of symptoms associated with ciguatera. This review examines the sources, structures and pharmacology of ciguatoxins. In particular, attention is placed on their cellular modes of actions to modulate voltage-gated ion channels and other Na+-dependent mechanisms in numerous cell types and to current approaches for detection and treatment of ciguatera.http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/4/3/82/ciguatoxindinoflagellateGambierdiscus toxicusvoltage-gated sodium channelvoltage-channel potassium channel |
| spellingShingle | Richard J. Lewis Graham M. Nicholson Ciguatoxins: Cyclic Polyether Modulators of Voltage-gated Iion Channel Function Marine Drugs ciguatoxin dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus toxicus voltage-gated sodium channel voltage-channel potassium channel |
| title | Ciguatoxins: Cyclic Polyether Modulators of Voltage-gated Iion Channel Function |
| title_full | Ciguatoxins: Cyclic Polyether Modulators of Voltage-gated Iion Channel Function |
| title_fullStr | Ciguatoxins: Cyclic Polyether Modulators of Voltage-gated Iion Channel Function |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ciguatoxins: Cyclic Polyether Modulators of Voltage-gated Iion Channel Function |
| title_short | Ciguatoxins: Cyclic Polyether Modulators of Voltage-gated Iion Channel Function |
| title_sort | ciguatoxins cyclic polyether modulators of voltage gated iion channel function |
| topic | ciguatoxin dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus toxicus voltage-gated sodium channel voltage-channel potassium channel |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/4/3/82/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT richardjlewis ciguatoxinscyclicpolyethermodulatorsofvoltagegatediionchannelfunction AT grahammnicholson ciguatoxinscyclicpolyethermodulatorsofvoltagegatediionchannelfunction |