The Chemical and Biological Profiles of Leaves from Commercial Blueberry Varieties
Blueberries have seen an ascending production line boosted by World Health Organization (WHO) approvals for their contributions to a healthy diet and the evidence that they act against different diseases. This increase resulted in significant amounts of discarded leaves, which could be a valuable so...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/9/1193 |
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| author | Bianca-Eugenia Ștefănescu Lavinia Florina Călinoiu Floricuța Ranga Florinela Fetea Andrei Mocan Dan Cristian Vodnar Gianina Crișan |
| author_facet | Bianca-Eugenia Ștefănescu Lavinia Florina Călinoiu Floricuța Ranga Florinela Fetea Andrei Mocan Dan Cristian Vodnar Gianina Crișan |
| author_sort | Bianca-Eugenia Ștefănescu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Blueberries have seen an ascending production line boosted by World Health Organization (WHO) approvals for their contributions to a healthy diet and the evidence that they act against different diseases. This increase resulted in significant amounts of discarded leaves, which could be a valuable source of bioactive compounds. In the present study, ultrasound-assisted extraction technology was used to determine and compare the chemical and biological profiles of leaves from six commercial blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i> L.) varieties. Feruloylquinic acid was the major compound identified, ranging from 19.23 ± 0.18 mg/g (at the lowest level, registered in the <i>Spartan</i> variety) to 49.62 ± 0.41 mg/g (at the highest level, registered in the <i>Nelson</i> variety). Rutin was the second major compound identified, for which <i>Toro</i>, <i>Nelson</i>, and <i>Elliot</i> leaves registered the highest values, with 35.77 ± 0.19 mg/g, 32.50 ± 0.20 mg/g, and 31.53 ± 0.1 mg/g, respectively. Even though analogous polyphenols were detected in the six cultivars, their concentrations and amounts were different. The leaf extracts of the cultivars <i>Toro</i>, <i>Elliot</i>, and <i>Nelson</i> appear to be good sources of antioxidants, registering high percentage inhibitions of DPPH radicals, of 70.41%, 68.42%, and 58.69%, respectively. The blueberry leaf extracts had a strong antibacterial activity and a low antifungal capacity, and a low-to-moderate antimutagenic capacity towards <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> TA98 and TA100 strains, with <i>Toro</i> leaf being the best candidate. All of these biological activities indicate health-related benefits, recommending them as suitable candidates for medical and pharmaceutical applications. The present paper adds significant knowledge to the field of blueberry leaves via chemical and biological profiles, supporting the ultrasound-assisted extraction technique as a useful and green method to provide alternative sources of bioactive compounds. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:22:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ad8008ef549f49cda778077dc3f20179 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:22:45Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-ad8008ef549f49cda778077dc3f201792023-11-20T13:31:34ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472020-09-0199119310.3390/plants9091193The Chemical and Biological Profiles of Leaves from Commercial Blueberry VarietiesBianca-Eugenia Ștefănescu0Lavinia Florina Călinoiu1Floricuța Ranga2Florinela Fetea3Andrei Mocan4Dan Cristian Vodnar5Gianina Crișan6Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ghe. Marinescu Street 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaInstitute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaFaculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaFaculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ghe. Marinescu Street 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaFaculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ghe. Marinescu Street 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaBlueberries have seen an ascending production line boosted by World Health Organization (WHO) approvals for their contributions to a healthy diet and the evidence that they act against different diseases. This increase resulted in significant amounts of discarded leaves, which could be a valuable source of bioactive compounds. In the present study, ultrasound-assisted extraction technology was used to determine and compare the chemical and biological profiles of leaves from six commercial blueberry (<i>Vaccinium corymbosum</i> L.) varieties. Feruloylquinic acid was the major compound identified, ranging from 19.23 ± 0.18 mg/g (at the lowest level, registered in the <i>Spartan</i> variety) to 49.62 ± 0.41 mg/g (at the highest level, registered in the <i>Nelson</i> variety). Rutin was the second major compound identified, for which <i>Toro</i>, <i>Nelson</i>, and <i>Elliot</i> leaves registered the highest values, with 35.77 ± 0.19 mg/g, 32.50 ± 0.20 mg/g, and 31.53 ± 0.1 mg/g, respectively. Even though analogous polyphenols were detected in the six cultivars, their concentrations and amounts were different. The leaf extracts of the cultivars <i>Toro</i>, <i>Elliot</i>, and <i>Nelson</i> appear to be good sources of antioxidants, registering high percentage inhibitions of DPPH radicals, of 70.41%, 68.42%, and 58.69%, respectively. The blueberry leaf extracts had a strong antibacterial activity and a low antifungal capacity, and a low-to-moderate antimutagenic capacity towards <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> TA98 and TA100 strains, with <i>Toro</i> leaf being the best candidate. All of these biological activities indicate health-related benefits, recommending them as suitable candidates for medical and pharmaceutical applications. The present paper adds significant knowledge to the field of blueberry leaves via chemical and biological profiles, supporting the ultrasound-assisted extraction technique as a useful and green method to provide alternative sources of bioactive compounds.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/9/1193blueberryleavesvarietiespolyphenolic compoundsbiological profileantioxidant capacity |
| spellingShingle | Bianca-Eugenia Ștefănescu Lavinia Florina Călinoiu Floricuța Ranga Florinela Fetea Andrei Mocan Dan Cristian Vodnar Gianina Crișan The Chemical and Biological Profiles of Leaves from Commercial Blueberry Varieties Plants blueberry leaves varieties polyphenolic compounds biological profile antioxidant capacity |
| title | The Chemical and Biological Profiles of Leaves from Commercial Blueberry Varieties |
| title_full | The Chemical and Biological Profiles of Leaves from Commercial Blueberry Varieties |
| title_fullStr | The Chemical and Biological Profiles of Leaves from Commercial Blueberry Varieties |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Chemical and Biological Profiles of Leaves from Commercial Blueberry Varieties |
| title_short | The Chemical and Biological Profiles of Leaves from Commercial Blueberry Varieties |
| title_sort | chemical and biological profiles of leaves from commercial blueberry varieties |
| topic | blueberry leaves varieties polyphenolic compounds biological profile antioxidant capacity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/9/1193 |
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