Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Nanozymes Improve Neuroblast Differentiation and Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity of the Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus in <span style="font-variant: small-caps">D</span>-Galactose-Induced Aged Mice
Aging is a process associated with blood–brain barrier (BBB) damage and the reduction in neurogenesis, and is the greatest known risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders. However, the effects of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanozymes on neurogenesis have rarely been studied...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/12/6463 |
Summary: | Aging is a process associated with blood–brain barrier (BBB) damage and the reduction in neurogenesis, and is the greatest known risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders. However, the effects of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanozymes on neurogenesis have rarely been studied. This study examined the effects of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanozymes on neuronal differentiation in the dentate gyrus (DG) and BBB integrity of D-galactose-induced aged mice. Long-term treatment with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanozymes (10 μg/mL diluted in ddH<sub>2</sub>O daily) markedly increased the doublecortin (DCX) immunoreactivity and decreased BBB injury induced by <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">D</span>-galactose treatment. In addition, the decreases in the levels of antioxidant proteins including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase as well as autophagy-related proteins such as Becin-1, LC3II/I, and Atg7 induced by <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">D</span>-galactose treatment were significantly ameliorated by Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanozymes in the DG of the mouse hippocampus. Furthermore, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanozyme treatment showed an inhibitory effect against apoptosis in the hippocampus. In conclusion, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanozymes can relieve neuroblast damage and promote neuroblast differentiation in the hippocampal DG by regulating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. |
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ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |