Hiding in plain sight – platelets, the silent carriers of HIV-1
There are approximately 38 million people globally living with Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and given the tremendous success of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) this has dramatically reduced mortality and morbidity with prevention benefits. However, HIV-1 persists during cART with...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Taylor & Francis Group
2021-11-01
|
| Series: | Platelets |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09537104.2020.1849606 |
| _version_ | 1797684159500517376 |
|---|---|
| author | Yvonne Baumer Tina M. Weatherby Brooks I. Mitchell Ivo N. SahBandar Thomas A. Premeaux D’Antoni Michelle L. Cristhian A. Gutierrez-Huerta Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley Timothy R. Brown William A. Boisvert Cecilia M. Shikuma Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu |
| author_facet | Yvonne Baumer Tina M. Weatherby Brooks I. Mitchell Ivo N. SahBandar Thomas A. Premeaux D’Antoni Michelle L. Cristhian A. Gutierrez-Huerta Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley Timothy R. Brown William A. Boisvert Cecilia M. Shikuma Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu |
| author_sort | Yvonne Baumer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | There are approximately 38 million people globally living with Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and given the tremendous success of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) this has dramatically reduced mortality and morbidity with prevention benefits. However, HIV-1 persists during cART within the human body and re-appears upon cART interruption. This HIV-1 reservoir remains a barrier to cure with cellular sites of viral persistence not fully understood. In this study we provide evidence corroborating a recently published article in STM demonstrating the role of platelets as a novel cellular disseminator of HIV-1 particles in the setting of viral suppression. Using classical transmission electron microscopy with and without immunogold labeling, we visualize HIV-1 in both platelets and monocytes in cART suppressed HIV donors. Our study suggests that due to the close proximity of platelets and monocytes an alternative life cycle of HIV-1 cycling within monocytes and platelets without the need of active replication under cART occurs. Our findings are supported by the lack of detectable HIV-1 particles in platelets derived from HIV uninfected donors or the ‘Berlin’ patient suggesting that platelets may serve as an underappreciated hidden bearer for HIV-1 and should be considered in HIV remission studies and trials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:26:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ad92e1bfe09f431295e19e1915de9394 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0953-7104 1369-1635 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T00:26:29Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Platelets |
| spelling | doaj.art-ad92e1bfe09f431295e19e1915de93942023-09-15T10:38:08ZengTaylor & Francis GroupPlatelets0953-71041369-16352021-11-013281038104210.1080/09537104.2020.18496061849606Hiding in plain sight – platelets, the silent carriers of HIV-1Yvonne Baumer0Tina M. Weatherby1Brooks I. Mitchell2Ivo N. SahBandar3Thomas A. Premeaux4D’Antoni Michelle L.5Cristhian A. Gutierrez-Huerta6Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley7Timothy R. Brown8William A. Boisvert9Cecilia M. Shikuma10Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu11Department of Tropical MedicineUniversity of HawaiiDepartment of Tropical MedicineDepartment of Tropical MedicineDepartment of Tropical MedicineDepartment of Tropical MedicineLung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthLung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of HealthPalm SpringsCenter for Cardiovascular ResearchJohn A. Burns School of MedicineDepartment of Tropical MedicineThere are approximately 38 million people globally living with Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and given the tremendous success of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) this has dramatically reduced mortality and morbidity with prevention benefits. However, HIV-1 persists during cART within the human body and re-appears upon cART interruption. This HIV-1 reservoir remains a barrier to cure with cellular sites of viral persistence not fully understood. In this study we provide evidence corroborating a recently published article in STM demonstrating the role of platelets as a novel cellular disseminator of HIV-1 particles in the setting of viral suppression. Using classical transmission electron microscopy with and without immunogold labeling, we visualize HIV-1 in both platelets and monocytes in cART suppressed HIV donors. Our study suggests that due to the close proximity of platelets and monocytes an alternative life cycle of HIV-1 cycling within monocytes and platelets without the need of active replication under cART occurs. Our findings are supported by the lack of detectable HIV-1 particles in platelets derived from HIV uninfected donors or the ‘Berlin’ patient suggesting that platelets may serve as an underappreciated hidden bearer for HIV-1 and should be considered in HIV remission studies and trials.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09537104.2020.1849606hiv-1 reservoirhiv-1 persistenceplateletsmonocyteshiv-1 |
| spellingShingle | Yvonne Baumer Tina M. Weatherby Brooks I. Mitchell Ivo N. SahBandar Thomas A. Premeaux D’Antoni Michelle L. Cristhian A. Gutierrez-Huerta Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley Timothy R. Brown William A. Boisvert Cecilia M. Shikuma Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu Hiding in plain sight – platelets, the silent carriers of HIV-1 Platelets hiv-1 reservoir hiv-1 persistence platelets monocytes hiv-1 |
| title | Hiding in plain sight – platelets, the silent carriers of HIV-1 |
| title_full | Hiding in plain sight – platelets, the silent carriers of HIV-1 |
| title_fullStr | Hiding in plain sight – platelets, the silent carriers of HIV-1 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hiding in plain sight – platelets, the silent carriers of HIV-1 |
| title_short | Hiding in plain sight – platelets, the silent carriers of HIV-1 |
| title_sort | hiding in plain sight platelets the silent carriers of hiv 1 |
| topic | hiv-1 reservoir hiv-1 persistence platelets monocytes hiv-1 |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09537104.2020.1849606 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yvonnebaumer hidinginplainsightplateletsthesilentcarriersofhiv1 AT tinamweatherby hidinginplainsightplateletsthesilentcarriersofhiv1 AT brooksimitchell hidinginplainsightplateletsthesilentcarriersofhiv1 AT ivonsahbandar hidinginplainsightplateletsthesilentcarriersofhiv1 AT thomasapremeaux hidinginplainsightplateletsthesilentcarriersofhiv1 AT dantonimichellel hidinginplainsightplateletsthesilentcarriersofhiv1 AT cristhianagutierrezhuerta hidinginplainsightplateletsthesilentcarriersofhiv1 AT tiffanympowellwiley hidinginplainsightplateletsthesilentcarriersofhiv1 AT timothyrbrown hidinginplainsightplateletsthesilentcarriersofhiv1 AT williamaboisvert hidinginplainsightplateletsthesilentcarriersofhiv1 AT ceciliamshikuma hidinginplainsightplateletsthesilentcarriersofhiv1 AT lishomwacndhlovu hidinginplainsightplateletsthesilentcarriersofhiv1 |