Self-reported ongoing adherence to diet is associated with lower depression, fatigue, and disability, in people with multiple sclerosis
IntroductionIncreasingly, dietary improvements have been shown to have positive associations with health outcomes in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). However, adhering to a MS-specific or high-quality diet may be a challenge. We therefore assessed the level of diet-adherence necessary to impro...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.979380/full |
| _version_ | 1828001646393688064 |
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| author | Maggie Yu George Jelinek Steve Simpson-Yap Steve Simpson-Yap Steve Simpson-Yap Sandra Neate Nupur Nag |
| author_facet | Maggie Yu George Jelinek Steve Simpson-Yap Steve Simpson-Yap Steve Simpson-Yap Sandra Neate Nupur Nag |
| author_sort | Maggie Yu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionIncreasingly, dietary improvements have been shown to have positive associations with health outcomes in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). However, adhering to a MS-specific or high-quality diet may be a challenge. We therefore assessed the level of diet-adherence necessary to improve health outcomes of depression, fatigue, and disability.MethodsData from an international population of pwMS followed over 7.5 years (n = 671) were analyzed. Self-reported diet quality via diet habits questionnaire (DHQ), and adherence to six MS-diets [Ashton Embry Best Bet, McDougall, Overcoming MS (OMS), Paleolithic (Paleo), Swank, and Wahls] were queried at two timepoints. Four levels of diet adherence were assessed: non-adherence at either timepoint; ceased at second timepoint; commenced at second timepoint; and ongoing at both timepoints. Associations between adherence to OMS and high-quality diet (DHQ score > median) with depression, fatigue, and disability, were assessed by log-binomial regression models adjusted for confounders.ResultsForty-two percent of pwMS reported ongoing-adherence to a MS-diet at both timepoints, OMS (33%), Swank (4%), Wahls (1.5%), other (<1%). Of these, only OMS-diet adherence was analyzed for associations due to data availability. Ongoing-adherence to the OMS-diet or a high-quality diet, was associated with lower depression compared to non-adherence [OMS: Risk ratios (RR) = 0.80, p = 0.021; DHQ: RR = 0.78, p = 0.009] and ceased-adherence (OMS: RR = 0.70, p = 0.008; DHQ: RR = 0.70, p = 0.010), respectively. Ongoing-adherence to OMS-diet was associated with lower fatigue (RR = 0.71, p = 0.031) and lower severe disability (RR = 0.43, p = 0.033) compared to ceased-adherence.ConclusionResults suggest potential benefits of adherence to the OMS- or a high-quality diet on MS health outcomes, with ongoing-adherence likely best. Diet modification and maintenance may serve as a point of intervention to manage MS symptoms, especially depression, in pwMS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T06:32:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ad979f74c98e41f1b2dfbf3d4a26c216 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T06:32:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ad979f74c98e41f1b2dfbf3d4a26c2162023-03-01T06:54:00ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2023-03-011010.3389/fnut.2023.979380979380Self-reported ongoing adherence to diet is associated with lower depression, fatigue, and disability, in people with multiple sclerosisMaggie Yu0George Jelinek1Steve Simpson-Yap2Steve Simpson-Yap3Steve Simpson-Yap4Sandra Neate5Nupur Nag6Neuroepidemiology Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaNeuroepidemiology Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaNeuroepidemiology Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaMenzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, AustraliaClinical Research Outcomes Unit, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaNeuroepidemiology Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaNeuroepidemiology Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaIntroductionIncreasingly, dietary improvements have been shown to have positive associations with health outcomes in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS). However, adhering to a MS-specific or high-quality diet may be a challenge. We therefore assessed the level of diet-adherence necessary to improve health outcomes of depression, fatigue, and disability.MethodsData from an international population of pwMS followed over 7.5 years (n = 671) were analyzed. Self-reported diet quality via diet habits questionnaire (DHQ), and adherence to six MS-diets [Ashton Embry Best Bet, McDougall, Overcoming MS (OMS), Paleolithic (Paleo), Swank, and Wahls] were queried at two timepoints. Four levels of diet adherence were assessed: non-adherence at either timepoint; ceased at second timepoint; commenced at second timepoint; and ongoing at both timepoints. Associations between adherence to OMS and high-quality diet (DHQ score > median) with depression, fatigue, and disability, were assessed by log-binomial regression models adjusted for confounders.ResultsForty-two percent of pwMS reported ongoing-adherence to a MS-diet at both timepoints, OMS (33%), Swank (4%), Wahls (1.5%), other (<1%). Of these, only OMS-diet adherence was analyzed for associations due to data availability. Ongoing-adherence to the OMS-diet or a high-quality diet, was associated with lower depression compared to non-adherence [OMS: Risk ratios (RR) = 0.80, p = 0.021; DHQ: RR = 0.78, p = 0.009] and ceased-adherence (OMS: RR = 0.70, p = 0.008; DHQ: RR = 0.70, p = 0.010), respectively. Ongoing-adherence to OMS-diet was associated with lower fatigue (RR = 0.71, p = 0.031) and lower severe disability (RR = 0.43, p = 0.033) compared to ceased-adherence.ConclusionResults suggest potential benefits of adherence to the OMS- or a high-quality diet on MS health outcomes, with ongoing-adherence likely best. Diet modification and maintenance may serve as a point of intervention to manage MS symptoms, especially depression, in pwMS.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.979380/fullmultiple sclerosishealth outcomesfatiguedepressiondisabilityprospective observational study |
| spellingShingle | Maggie Yu George Jelinek Steve Simpson-Yap Steve Simpson-Yap Steve Simpson-Yap Sandra Neate Nupur Nag Self-reported ongoing adherence to diet is associated with lower depression, fatigue, and disability, in people with multiple sclerosis Frontiers in Nutrition multiple sclerosis health outcomes fatigue depression disability prospective observational study |
| title | Self-reported ongoing adherence to diet is associated with lower depression, fatigue, and disability, in people with multiple sclerosis |
| title_full | Self-reported ongoing adherence to diet is associated with lower depression, fatigue, and disability, in people with multiple sclerosis |
| title_fullStr | Self-reported ongoing adherence to diet is associated with lower depression, fatigue, and disability, in people with multiple sclerosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Self-reported ongoing adherence to diet is associated with lower depression, fatigue, and disability, in people with multiple sclerosis |
| title_short | Self-reported ongoing adherence to diet is associated with lower depression, fatigue, and disability, in people with multiple sclerosis |
| title_sort | self reported ongoing adherence to diet is associated with lower depression fatigue and disability in people with multiple sclerosis |
| topic | multiple sclerosis health outcomes fatigue depression disability prospective observational study |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.979380/full |
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