Temporal Analysis of Daily and 10 Minutes of Rainfall of Poprad Station in Eastern Slovakia
The aim of this paper is the application of temporal analysis of daily and 10 min of rainfall data from Poprad station, located in Eastern Slovakia. There are two types of data used in the analysis, firstly, a daily time step data, manually collected between the years 1951 and 2018 and secondly, 10...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Hydrology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5338/7/2/32 |
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| author | Adam Repel Vinayakam Jothiprakash Martina Zeleňáková Helena Hlavatá Ionut Minea |
| author_facet | Adam Repel Vinayakam Jothiprakash Martina Zeleňáková Helena Hlavatá Ionut Minea |
| author_sort | Adam Repel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this paper is the application of temporal analysis of daily and 10 min of rainfall data from Poprad station, located in Eastern Slovakia. There are two types of data used in the analysis, firstly, a daily time step data, manually collected between the years 1951 and 2018 and secondly, 10 min of data, automatically collected between the years 2000 and 2018. For proper comparability, the automatically collected data has been recalculated to the daily form. After a comparison of the sets of data, manually collected daily data has been used in further analysis. The main analysis can be divided into two sections. The first section consists of basic statistics (mean, standard deviation, etc.) and the second section of descriptive statistics, where the subjects of examination were trend, stationarity, homogeneity, periodicity and noise. The results of the basic statistics outlined trend behavior in the data meaning that the annual total rainfall for the period 1951–2018 is slightly increasing but the further investigation supported by the methods of descriptive statistics refuted this thesis. The number of rainy days is decreasing but maximum rainfall intensity is increasing year by year, indicating that total rainfall is happening in lesser and lesser days, with an increase in the number of 0 rainfall days. The results demonstrated no presence of the trend or only a weak trend in daily time step, but a significant increasing trend in annual rainfall. Tests of stationarity proved that the data are stationary and, therefore, suitable for any hydrologic analysis. The tests of homogeneity showed no breakpoints in the data. The interesting result was demonstrated by the periodicity test, which showed exactly a 365.25 days’ period, while 0.25 indicates a leap year. As a summary for the Poprad station, there is no tendency of increasing of daily average rainfall, but slight increasing trend of total annual rainfall, the summer season has the highest ratio on total precipitation per year, September and October are the months with the highest numbers of days without rain. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:15:01Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2306-5338 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:15:01Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Hydrology |
| spelling | doaj.art-ada744f0712a48d280ac4c117d7c7f9c2023-12-03T11:54:56ZengMDPI AGHydrology2306-53382020-06-01723210.3390/hydrology7020032Temporal Analysis of Daily and 10 Minutes of Rainfall of Poprad Station in Eastern SlovakiaAdam Repel0Vinayakam Jothiprakash1Martina Zeleňáková2Helena Hlavatá3Ionut Minea4Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Košice, Vysokoškolská 4, 040 01 Košice, SlovakiaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, IndiaDepartment of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Košice, Vysokoškolská 4, 040 01 Košice, SlovakiaSlovak Hydrometeorological Institute, Branch Office Košice, Ďumbierska 26, 041 17 Košice, SlovakiaDepartment of Geography, Faculty of Geography and Geology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași, Carol I, 20A, 700505 Iasi, RomaniaThe aim of this paper is the application of temporal analysis of daily and 10 min of rainfall data from Poprad station, located in Eastern Slovakia. There are two types of data used in the analysis, firstly, a daily time step data, manually collected between the years 1951 and 2018 and secondly, 10 min of data, automatically collected between the years 2000 and 2018. For proper comparability, the automatically collected data has been recalculated to the daily form. After a comparison of the sets of data, manually collected daily data has been used in further analysis. The main analysis can be divided into two sections. The first section consists of basic statistics (mean, standard deviation, etc.) and the second section of descriptive statistics, where the subjects of examination were trend, stationarity, homogeneity, periodicity and noise. The results of the basic statistics outlined trend behavior in the data meaning that the annual total rainfall for the period 1951–2018 is slightly increasing but the further investigation supported by the methods of descriptive statistics refuted this thesis. The number of rainy days is decreasing but maximum rainfall intensity is increasing year by year, indicating that total rainfall is happening in lesser and lesser days, with an increase in the number of 0 rainfall days. The results demonstrated no presence of the trend or only a weak trend in daily time step, but a significant increasing trend in annual rainfall. Tests of stationarity proved that the data are stationary and, therefore, suitable for any hydrologic analysis. The tests of homogeneity showed no breakpoints in the data. The interesting result was demonstrated by the periodicity test, which showed exactly a 365.25 days’ period, while 0.25 indicates a leap year. As a summary for the Poprad station, there is no tendency of increasing of daily average rainfall, but slight increasing trend of total annual rainfall, the summer season has the highest ratio on total precipitation per year, September and October are the months with the highest numbers of days without rain.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5338/7/2/32temporal analysisrainfallperiodicitytrend analysisstationarity testhomogeneous test |
| spellingShingle | Adam Repel Vinayakam Jothiprakash Martina Zeleňáková Helena Hlavatá Ionut Minea Temporal Analysis of Daily and 10 Minutes of Rainfall of Poprad Station in Eastern Slovakia Hydrology temporal analysis rainfall periodicity trend analysis stationarity test homogeneous test |
| title | Temporal Analysis of Daily and 10 Minutes of Rainfall of Poprad Station in Eastern Slovakia |
| title_full | Temporal Analysis of Daily and 10 Minutes of Rainfall of Poprad Station in Eastern Slovakia |
| title_fullStr | Temporal Analysis of Daily and 10 Minutes of Rainfall of Poprad Station in Eastern Slovakia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Temporal Analysis of Daily and 10 Minutes of Rainfall of Poprad Station in Eastern Slovakia |
| title_short | Temporal Analysis of Daily and 10 Minutes of Rainfall of Poprad Station in Eastern Slovakia |
| title_sort | temporal analysis of daily and 10 minutes of rainfall of poprad station in eastern slovakia |
| topic | temporal analysis rainfall periodicity trend analysis stationarity test homogeneous test |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5338/7/2/32 |
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