Historical shifting in grain mineral density of landmark rice and wheat cultivars released over the past 50 years in India
Abstract The ‘Green Revolution (GR)’ has been successful in meeting food sufficiency in India, but compromising its nutritional security. In a first, we report altered grain nutrients profile of modern-bred rice and wheat cultivars diminishing their mineral dietary significance to the Indian populat...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Portfolio
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48488-5 |
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| author | Sovan Debnath Ahana Dey Rubina Khanam Susmit Saha Dibyendu Sarkar Jayanta K. Saha Mounissamy V. Coumar Bhaskar C. Patra Tufleuddin Biswas Mrinmoy Ray Madhari S. Radhika Biswapati Mandal |
| author_facet | Sovan Debnath Ahana Dey Rubina Khanam Susmit Saha Dibyendu Sarkar Jayanta K. Saha Mounissamy V. Coumar Bhaskar C. Patra Tufleuddin Biswas Mrinmoy Ray Madhari S. Radhika Biswapati Mandal |
| author_sort | Sovan Debnath |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The ‘Green Revolution (GR)’ has been successful in meeting food sufficiency in India, but compromising its nutritional security. In a first, we report altered grain nutrients profile of modern-bred rice and wheat cultivars diminishing their mineral dietary significance to the Indian population. To substantiate, we evaluated grain nutrients profile of historical landmark high-yielding cultivars of rice and wheat released in succeeding decades since the GR and its impacts on mineral diet quality and human health, with a prediction for decades ahead. Analysis of grain nutrients profile shows a downward trend in concentrations of essential and beneficial elements, but an upward in toxic elements in past 50 y in both rice and wheat. For example, zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) concentration in grains of rice decreased by ~ 33.0 (P < 0.001) and 27.0% (P < 0.0001); while for wheat it decreased by ~ 30.0 (P < 0.0001) and 19.0% (P < 0.0001) in past more than 50 y, respectively. A proposed mineral-diet quality index (M-DQI) significantly (P < 0.0001) decreased ~ 57.0 and 36.0% in the reported time span (1960–2010) in rice and wheat, respectively. The impoverished M-DQI could impose hostile effects on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like iron-deficiency anemia, respiratory, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal among the Indian population by 2040. Our research calls for an urgency of grain nutrients profiling before releasing a cultivar of staples like rice and wheat in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:46:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ada88a5f206b45e7a2054cb071b55324 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:46:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-ada88a5f206b45e7a2054cb071b553242023-12-03T12:21:15ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222023-11-0113111610.1038/s41598-023-48488-5Historical shifting in grain mineral density of landmark rice and wheat cultivars released over the past 50 years in IndiaSovan Debnath0Ahana Dey1Rubina Khanam2Susmit Saha3Dibyendu Sarkar4Jayanta K. Saha5Mounissamy V. Coumar6Bhaskar C. Patra7Tufleuddin Biswas8Mrinmoy Ray9Madhari S. Radhika10Biswapati Mandal11Directorate of Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi ViswavidyalayaDepartment of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi ViswavidyalayaICAR-National Rice Research InstituteCollege of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi ViswavidyalayaDirectorate of Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi ViswavidyalayaDivision of Environmental Soil Science, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil ScienceDivision of Environmental Soil Science, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil ScienceICAR-National Rice Research InstituteDepartment of Agricultural Statistics, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi ViswavidyalayaDivision of Forecasting and Agricultural Systems Modeling, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research InstituteDepartment of Dietetics, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of NutritionDirectorate of Research, Bidhan Chandra Krishi ViswavidyalayaAbstract The ‘Green Revolution (GR)’ has been successful in meeting food sufficiency in India, but compromising its nutritional security. In a first, we report altered grain nutrients profile of modern-bred rice and wheat cultivars diminishing their mineral dietary significance to the Indian population. To substantiate, we evaluated grain nutrients profile of historical landmark high-yielding cultivars of rice and wheat released in succeeding decades since the GR and its impacts on mineral diet quality and human health, with a prediction for decades ahead. Analysis of grain nutrients profile shows a downward trend in concentrations of essential and beneficial elements, but an upward in toxic elements in past 50 y in both rice and wheat. For example, zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) concentration in grains of rice decreased by ~ 33.0 (P < 0.001) and 27.0% (P < 0.0001); while for wheat it decreased by ~ 30.0 (P < 0.0001) and 19.0% (P < 0.0001) in past more than 50 y, respectively. A proposed mineral-diet quality index (M-DQI) significantly (P < 0.0001) decreased ~ 57.0 and 36.0% in the reported time span (1960–2010) in rice and wheat, respectively. The impoverished M-DQI could impose hostile effects on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like iron-deficiency anemia, respiratory, cardiovascular, and musculoskeletal among the Indian population by 2040. Our research calls for an urgency of grain nutrients profiling before releasing a cultivar of staples like rice and wheat in the future.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48488-5 |
| spellingShingle | Sovan Debnath Ahana Dey Rubina Khanam Susmit Saha Dibyendu Sarkar Jayanta K. Saha Mounissamy V. Coumar Bhaskar C. Patra Tufleuddin Biswas Mrinmoy Ray Madhari S. Radhika Biswapati Mandal Historical shifting in grain mineral density of landmark rice and wheat cultivars released over the past 50 years in India Scientific Reports |
| title | Historical shifting in grain mineral density of landmark rice and wheat cultivars released over the past 50 years in India |
| title_full | Historical shifting in grain mineral density of landmark rice and wheat cultivars released over the past 50 years in India |
| title_fullStr | Historical shifting in grain mineral density of landmark rice and wheat cultivars released over the past 50 years in India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Historical shifting in grain mineral density of landmark rice and wheat cultivars released over the past 50 years in India |
| title_short | Historical shifting in grain mineral density of landmark rice and wheat cultivars released over the past 50 years in India |
| title_sort | historical shifting in grain mineral density of landmark rice and wheat cultivars released over the past 50 years in india |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-48488-5 |
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