Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in an Adolescent Girl with Graves’ Disease: A Coincidence or Consequence
Background: Graves’ disease (GD)-related bone marrow injury presents usually as agranulocytosis or less commonly as pancytopenia. However, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has been reported recently in an adult patient with GD. The underlying pathogenesis is not fully understood. Nevertheless, the...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Karger Publishers
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Dubai Diabetes and Endocrinology Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/527187 |
| _version_ | 1797934918815186944 |
|---|---|
| author | Ghassan Faisal Fadlalbari Samar Sabir Hassan Asmahan T. Abdalla Samar Omer Abusamra Abeer Mohamed Abdalrhman Mohamed Ahmed Abdullah |
| author_facet | Ghassan Faisal Fadlalbari Samar Sabir Hassan Asmahan T. Abdalla Samar Omer Abusamra Abeer Mohamed Abdalrhman Mohamed Ahmed Abdullah |
| author_sort | Ghassan Faisal Fadlalbari |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Graves’ disease (GD)-related bone marrow injury presents usually as agranulocytosis or less commonly as pancytopenia. However, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has been reported recently in an adult patient with GD. The underlying pathogenesis is not fully understood. Nevertheless, the harmful effects of anti-thyroid drugs or autoimmune reaction to bone marrow cells are anticipated to be the causative factors. Case Presentation: We report a 16.5-year-old girl with GD who was on carbimazole for the first 14 months of her illness, with irregular follow-up; then it was withdrawn because she developed hypothyroidism. Meanwhile, she developed severe anemia without fever which necessitated blood transfusion. Eight months later, she presented with thyrotoxicosis relapse, febrile illness, bone pain, and pancytopenia which was proved to be ALL on bone marrow examination. Conclusion: The presence of ALL in a young GD patient is an unprecedented event. Although it is difficult to demonstrate the causality between them, need for further studies cannot be denied. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T18:07:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-adaf56516723406495b5eafca7421f37 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-1797 2673-1738 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T18:07:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Karger Publishers |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Dubai Diabetes and Endocrinology Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-adaf56516723406495b5eafca7421f372023-02-02T12:54:55ZengKarger PublishersDubai Diabetes and Endocrinology Journal2673-17972673-17382023-01-0128414314610.1159/000527187527187Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in an Adolescent Girl with Graves’ Disease: A Coincidence or ConsequenceGhassan Faisal Fadlalbari0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0823-1682Samar Sabir Hassan1Asmahan T. Abdalla2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5770-1340Samar Omer Abusamra3Abeer Mohamed Abdalrhman4Mohamed Ahmed Abdullah5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7121-8216Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Gaafar Ibnauf Pediatric Tertiary Hospital, Khartoum, SudanDepartment of Pediatric Endocrinology, Gaafar Ibnauf Pediatric Tertiary Hospital, Khartoum, SudanDepartment of Pediatric Endocrinology, Gaafar Ibnauf Pediatric Tertiary Hospital, Khartoum, SudanDepartment of Pediatric Endocrinology, Gaafar Ibnauf Pediatric Tertiary Hospital, Khartoum, SudanDepartment of Pediatric Endocrinology, Gaafar Ibnauf Pediatric Tertiary Hospital, Khartoum, SudanDepartment of Pediatric Endocrinology, Gaafar Ibnauf Pediatric Tertiary Hospital, Khartoum, SudanBackground: Graves’ disease (GD)-related bone marrow injury presents usually as agranulocytosis or less commonly as pancytopenia. However, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has been reported recently in an adult patient with GD. The underlying pathogenesis is not fully understood. Nevertheless, the harmful effects of anti-thyroid drugs or autoimmune reaction to bone marrow cells are anticipated to be the causative factors. Case Presentation: We report a 16.5-year-old girl with GD who was on carbimazole for the first 14 months of her illness, with irregular follow-up; then it was withdrawn because she developed hypothyroidism. Meanwhile, she developed severe anemia without fever which necessitated blood transfusion. Eight months later, she presented with thyrotoxicosis relapse, febrile illness, bone pain, and pancytopenia which was proved to be ALL on bone marrow examination. Conclusion: The presence of ALL in a young GD patient is an unprecedented event. Although it is difficult to demonstrate the causality between them, need for further studies cannot be denied.https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/527187graves’ diseaseacute lymphoblastic leukemiaadolescentrelapse |
| spellingShingle | Ghassan Faisal Fadlalbari Samar Sabir Hassan Asmahan T. Abdalla Samar Omer Abusamra Abeer Mohamed Abdalrhman Mohamed Ahmed Abdullah Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in an Adolescent Girl with Graves’ Disease: A Coincidence or Consequence Dubai Diabetes and Endocrinology Journal graves’ disease acute lymphoblastic leukemia adolescent relapse |
| title | Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in an Adolescent Girl with Graves’ Disease: A Coincidence or Consequence |
| title_full | Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in an Adolescent Girl with Graves’ Disease: A Coincidence or Consequence |
| title_fullStr | Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in an Adolescent Girl with Graves’ Disease: A Coincidence or Consequence |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in an Adolescent Girl with Graves’ Disease: A Coincidence or Consequence |
| title_short | Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in an Adolescent Girl with Graves’ Disease: A Coincidence or Consequence |
| title_sort | acute lymphoblastic leukemia in an adolescent girl with graves disease a coincidence or consequence |
| topic | graves’ disease acute lymphoblastic leukemia adolescent relapse |
| url | https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/527187 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ghassanfaisalfadlalbari acutelymphoblasticleukemiainanadolescentgirlwithgravesdiseaseacoincidenceorconsequence AT samarsabirhassan acutelymphoblasticleukemiainanadolescentgirlwithgravesdiseaseacoincidenceorconsequence AT asmahantabdalla acutelymphoblasticleukemiainanadolescentgirlwithgravesdiseaseacoincidenceorconsequence AT samaromerabusamra acutelymphoblasticleukemiainanadolescentgirlwithgravesdiseaseacoincidenceorconsequence AT abeermohamedabdalrhman acutelymphoblasticleukemiainanadolescentgirlwithgravesdiseaseacoincidenceorconsequence AT mohamedahmedabdullah acutelymphoblasticleukemiainanadolescentgirlwithgravesdiseaseacoincidenceorconsequence |