Improving the Diagnosis of Scrub Typhus by Combining groEL Based Polymerase Chain Reaction and IgM ELISA
Introduction: Scrub typhus, an acute febrile illness, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is an important cause of pyrexia of unknown origin in regions of endemicity. This disease is mostly underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed, the reasons for this being a combination of factors which include clinical m...
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| Format: | Article |
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JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2017-08-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
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| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/10519/26523%20_PF1_(NE_VT_PY)_PFA(NE_SS).pdf |
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| author | KARTHIKEYAN ANITHA PATRICIA SUGEERAPPA LAXMANAPPA HOTI REBA KANUNGO PURUSHOTHAMAN JAMBULINGAM NAIR SHASHIKALA ASHOK C NAIK |
| author_facet | KARTHIKEYAN ANITHA PATRICIA SUGEERAPPA LAXMANAPPA HOTI REBA KANUNGO PURUSHOTHAMAN JAMBULINGAM NAIR SHASHIKALA ASHOK C NAIK |
| author_sort | KARTHIKEYAN ANITHA PATRICIA |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Scrub typhus, an acute febrile illness, caused
by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is an important cause of pyrexia of
unknown origin in regions of endemicity. This disease is mostly
underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed, the reasons for this being a
combination of factors which include clinical manifestations that
can mimic other infections, lack of easy and reliable diagnostic
methods and variation among strains in endemic areas. Hence,
easy and reliable methods of diagnosis will contribute to rapid
identification and treatment of the infection.
Aim: The aim of the study was to compare four different methods
of detection of scrub typhus and to identify one single test or a
combination of tests detecting maximum number of cases.
Materials and Methods: One hundred and forty-five suspected
scrub typhus cases were included in this study. Duration of fever
and presence of eschar in each patient was noted down. EnzymeLinked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) to detect Immunoglobulin
M (IgM) antibodies and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to
detect three genes of Orientia, namely, 56 kDa, 16S rRNA, and
groEL were done on these samples. The results of each test
were analyzed to identify the test picking up maximum number
of positive samples. Statistical analysis was performed using
Chi-square test. The level of significance was set at p<0.05.
Results: These tests showed that IgM ELISA (93%) and PCR
(68%) picked up maximum number of positives. Statistical
analysis performed using Chi-square test between the diagnostic
assays showed that the p – value <0.001 was significant for IgM
ELISA. Among the molecular markers, p-value was significant
(<0.001) for groEL PCR. Further analysis of eschar positivity and
duration of fever also showed that groEL PCR could detect DNA
of the bacterium even in cases with 10 days of fever and this
PCR was the best among the molecular markers used to detect
the infection.
Conclusion: This study suggests that IgM detection by ELISA
and conventional groEL PCR, either in combination or alone,
depending on the duration of fever, would enhance the diagnosis
of scrub typhus. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T21:54:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-adb0c6cb2f3e498a99318e9391b76305 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2249-782X 0973-709X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T21:54:59Z |
| publishDate | 2017-08-01 |
| publisher | JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-adb0c6cb2f3e498a99318e9391b763052022-12-22T01:32:04ZengJCDR Research and Publications Private LimitedJournal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research2249-782X0973-709X2017-08-01118DC27DC3110.7860/JCDR/2017/26523.10519Improving the Diagnosis of Scrub Typhus by Combining groEL Based Polymerase Chain Reaction and IgM ELISAKARTHIKEYAN ANITHA PATRICIA0SUGEERAPPA LAXMANAPPA HOTI1REBA KANUNGO2PURUSHOTHAMAN JAMBULINGAM3NAIR SHASHIKALA4ASHOK C NAIK5Research Scholar, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vector Control Research Centre, Puducherry, India. Scientist ‘G’, Department of Microbiology, Regional Medical Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka, India.Professor, Department of Microbiology, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry, India.Scientist ‘G’ and Director, Department of Vector Biology, Vector Control Research Centre, Puducherry, India.Professor, Department of Microbiology, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry, India. Senior Technical officer, Department of Statistics, Regional Medical Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka, India.Introduction: Scrub typhus, an acute febrile illness, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is an important cause of pyrexia of unknown origin in regions of endemicity. This disease is mostly underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed, the reasons for this being a combination of factors which include clinical manifestations that can mimic other infections, lack of easy and reliable diagnostic methods and variation among strains in endemic areas. Hence, easy and reliable methods of diagnosis will contribute to rapid identification and treatment of the infection. Aim: The aim of the study was to compare four different methods of detection of scrub typhus and to identify one single test or a combination of tests detecting maximum number of cases. Materials and Methods: One hundred and forty-five suspected scrub typhus cases were included in this study. Duration of fever and presence of eschar in each patient was noted down. EnzymeLinked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) to detect Immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to detect three genes of Orientia, namely, 56 kDa, 16S rRNA, and groEL were done on these samples. The results of each test were analyzed to identify the test picking up maximum number of positive samples. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square test. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results: These tests showed that IgM ELISA (93%) and PCR (68%) picked up maximum number of positives. Statistical analysis performed using Chi-square test between the diagnostic assays showed that the p – value <0.001 was significant for IgM ELISA. Among the molecular markers, p-value was significant (<0.001) for groEL PCR. Further analysis of eschar positivity and duration of fever also showed that groEL PCR could detect DNA of the bacterium even in cases with 10 days of fever and this PCR was the best among the molecular markers used to detect the infection. Conclusion: This study suggests that IgM detection by ELISA and conventional groEL PCR, either in combination or alone, depending on the duration of fever, would enhance the diagnosis of scrub typhus.https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/10519/26523%20_PF1_(NE_VT_PY)_PFA(NE_SS).pdffeverlaboratory diagnosisrickettsial infectionsorientia tsutsugamushi |
| spellingShingle | KARTHIKEYAN ANITHA PATRICIA SUGEERAPPA LAXMANAPPA HOTI REBA KANUNGO PURUSHOTHAMAN JAMBULINGAM NAIR SHASHIKALA ASHOK C NAIK Improving the Diagnosis of Scrub Typhus by Combining groEL Based Polymerase Chain Reaction and IgM ELISA Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research fever laboratory diagnosis rickettsial infections orientia tsutsugamushi |
| title | Improving the Diagnosis of Scrub Typhus by Combining groEL Based Polymerase Chain Reaction and IgM ELISA |
| title_full | Improving the Diagnosis of Scrub Typhus by Combining groEL Based Polymerase Chain Reaction and IgM ELISA |
| title_fullStr | Improving the Diagnosis of Scrub Typhus by Combining groEL Based Polymerase Chain Reaction and IgM ELISA |
| title_full_unstemmed | Improving the Diagnosis of Scrub Typhus by Combining groEL Based Polymerase Chain Reaction and IgM ELISA |
| title_short | Improving the Diagnosis of Scrub Typhus by Combining groEL Based Polymerase Chain Reaction and IgM ELISA |
| title_sort | improving the diagnosis of scrub typhus by combining groel based polymerase chain reaction and igm elisa |
| topic | fever laboratory diagnosis rickettsial infections orientia tsutsugamushi |
| url | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/10519/26523%20_PF1_(NE_VT_PY)_PFA(NE_SS).pdf |
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