| Summary: | Background: Hematological abnormalities are most
common complications found in human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) infection and these complications increase with
the advanced stage of diseases. Hematological disorders
which are generally observed in HIV infection are different
cytopenias like anemia, leukopenia and thrombocytopenia.
Various type of cytopenias in HIV has been associated with
different factors like sex, age, race or ethnicity,
geographical location and CD4 count. So present study was
planned with the aim to study the prevalence of
cytopeniaviz anemia, thrombocytopenia and leucopenia in
Indian population. Material and Methods: This cross-
sectional study was conducted at a Dr. Shankarrao Chavan
Goernment Medical College Nanded in Maharashtra, India.
The present study was approved by the local ethical
committee of the institute. Total two hundred subjects were
selected for study. To avoid the bias due to preexisting
illness or previous treatment affecting hematological profile,
proportions were compared using chi-square test of
significance. Student t test was done as indicator of
statistical significance. Data was analysed by using
Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software
version 16.0. P value < 0.05 considered as significant and p
value > 0.05 non-significant. Results: In present study the
prevalence of different types of cytopenia in decreasing
order was anemia (75.5%) thrombocytopenia (8.5%) and
leucopenia (2%). Discussion: The result observed in the
present study were similar to other studies done in India and
abroad. There were also few studies with the higher or
lower prevalence of these cytopenias than the present study.
These differences in observations might be due to the
factors like age, sex, ART status and the population from
different geographical locations. The present study provide
some baseline data from Indian population and can be
useful for future studies in people living with HIV/AIDS.
Conclusion: Different types of cytopenias like anemia,
leucopenia and thrombocytopenia are very common among
people living with HIV/AIDS. The antiretroviral therapy
(ART) shows reversal of these cytopenias and must be
initiated as early as possible and maintained during course of
disease.
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