Use of Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy With IR Biotyper® System for Legionella pneumophila Serogroups Identification
Legionella spp. are Gram-negative bacteria that inhabit freshwater environments representing a serious risk for human health. Legionella pneumophila (Lp) is the species most frequently responsible for a severe pneumonia known as Legionnaires' disease. Lp consists of 15 serogroups (Sgs), usually...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.866426/full |
| _version_ | 1818478801175183360 |
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| author | Maria Rosaria Pascale Francesco Bisognin Marta Mazzotta Luna Girolamini Federica Marino Paola Dal Monte Miriam Cordovana Maria Scaturro Maria Luisa Ricci Sandra Cristino |
| author_facet | Maria Rosaria Pascale Francesco Bisognin Marta Mazzotta Luna Girolamini Federica Marino Paola Dal Monte Miriam Cordovana Maria Scaturro Maria Luisa Ricci Sandra Cristino |
| author_sort | Maria Rosaria Pascale |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Legionella spp. are Gram-negative bacteria that inhabit freshwater environments representing a serious risk for human health. Legionella pneumophila (Lp) is the species most frequently responsible for a severe pneumonia known as Legionnaires' disease. Lp consists of 15 serogroups (Sgs), usually identified by monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies. With regard to Lp serogrouping, it is well known that phenotyping methods do not have a sufficiently high discriminating power, while genotypic methods although very effective, are expensive and laborious. Recently, mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy have proved to be rapid and successful approaches for the microbial identification and typing. Different biomolecules (e.g., lipopolysaccharides) adsorb infrared radiation originating from a specific microbial fingerprint. The development of a classification system based on the intra-species identification features allows a rapid and reliable typing of strains for diagnostic and epidemiological purposes. The aim of the study was the evaluation of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy using the IR Biotyper® system (Bruker Daltonik, Germany) for the identification of Lp at the serogroup (Sg) level for diagnostic purposes as well as in outbreak events. A large dataset of Lp isolates (n = 133) and ATCC reference strains representing the 15 Lp serogroups were included. The discriminatory power of the instrument's classifier, was tested by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). All isolates were classified as follows: 12/133 (9.0%) as Lp Sg1 and 115/133 (86.5%) as Lp Sg 2–15 (including both ATCC and environmental Lp serogroup). Moreover, a mis-classification for 2/133 (1.5%) isolates of Lp Sg 2–15 that returned as Lp Sg1 was observed, and 4/133 (3.0%) isolates were not classified. An accuracy of 95.49% and an error rate of 4.51% were calculated. IR Biotyper® is able provide a quick and cost-effective reliable Lp classification with advantages compared with agglutination tests that show ambiguous and unspecific results. Further studies including a larger number of isolates could be useful to implement the classifier obtaining a robust and reliable tool for the routine Lp serogrouping. IR Biotyper® could be a powerful and easy-to-use tool to identify Lp Sgs, especially during cluster/outbreak investigations, to trace the source of the infection and promptly adopt preventive and control strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T09:52:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-adcb69fe233443d3bed1421e7631bb0f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T09:52:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-adcb69fe233443d3bed1421e7631bb0f2022-12-22T01:53:38ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2022-04-011310.3389/fmicb.2022.866426866426Use of Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy With IR Biotyper® System for Legionella pneumophila Serogroups IdentificationMaria Rosaria Pascale0Francesco Bisognin1Marta Mazzotta2Luna Girolamini3Federica Marino4Paola Dal Monte5Miriam Cordovana6Maria Scaturro7Maria Luisa Ricci8Sandra Cristino9Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, ItalyMicrobiology Unit, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, IRCCS S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, ItalyDepartment of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, ItalyMicrobiology Unit, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, IRCCS S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, ItalyBruker Daltonik GmbH, Bremen, GermanyDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, ItalyLegionella spp. are Gram-negative bacteria that inhabit freshwater environments representing a serious risk for human health. Legionella pneumophila (Lp) is the species most frequently responsible for a severe pneumonia known as Legionnaires' disease. Lp consists of 15 serogroups (Sgs), usually identified by monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies. With regard to Lp serogrouping, it is well known that phenotyping methods do not have a sufficiently high discriminating power, while genotypic methods although very effective, are expensive and laborious. Recently, mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy have proved to be rapid and successful approaches for the microbial identification and typing. Different biomolecules (e.g., lipopolysaccharides) adsorb infrared radiation originating from a specific microbial fingerprint. The development of a classification system based on the intra-species identification features allows a rapid and reliable typing of strains for diagnostic and epidemiological purposes. The aim of the study was the evaluation of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy using the IR Biotyper® system (Bruker Daltonik, Germany) for the identification of Lp at the serogroup (Sg) level for diagnostic purposes as well as in outbreak events. A large dataset of Lp isolates (n = 133) and ATCC reference strains representing the 15 Lp serogroups were included. The discriminatory power of the instrument's classifier, was tested by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA). All isolates were classified as follows: 12/133 (9.0%) as Lp Sg1 and 115/133 (86.5%) as Lp Sg 2–15 (including both ATCC and environmental Lp serogroup). Moreover, a mis-classification for 2/133 (1.5%) isolates of Lp Sg 2–15 that returned as Lp Sg1 was observed, and 4/133 (3.0%) isolates were not classified. An accuracy of 95.49% and an error rate of 4.51% were calculated. IR Biotyper® is able provide a quick and cost-effective reliable Lp classification with advantages compared with agglutination tests that show ambiguous and unspecific results. Further studies including a larger number of isolates could be useful to implement the classifier obtaining a robust and reliable tool for the routine Lp serogrouping. IR Biotyper® could be a powerful and easy-to-use tool to identify Lp Sgs, especially during cluster/outbreak investigations, to trace the source of the infection and promptly adopt preventive and control strategies.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.866426/fullFTIR-spectroscopyLegionella pneumophila serogroupsIR Biotyper®diagnosticsenvironmental monitoring |
| spellingShingle | Maria Rosaria Pascale Francesco Bisognin Marta Mazzotta Luna Girolamini Federica Marino Paola Dal Monte Miriam Cordovana Maria Scaturro Maria Luisa Ricci Sandra Cristino Use of Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy With IR Biotyper® System for Legionella pneumophila Serogroups Identification Frontiers in Microbiology FTIR-spectroscopy Legionella pneumophila serogroups IR Biotyper® diagnostics environmental monitoring |
| title | Use of Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy With IR Biotyper® System for Legionella pneumophila Serogroups Identification |
| title_full | Use of Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy With IR Biotyper® System for Legionella pneumophila Serogroups Identification |
| title_fullStr | Use of Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy With IR Biotyper® System for Legionella pneumophila Serogroups Identification |
| title_full_unstemmed | Use of Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy With IR Biotyper® System for Legionella pneumophila Serogroups Identification |
| title_short | Use of Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy With IR Biotyper® System for Legionella pneumophila Serogroups Identification |
| title_sort | use of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with ir biotyper r system for legionella pneumophila serogroups identification |
| topic | FTIR-spectroscopy Legionella pneumophila serogroups IR Biotyper® diagnostics environmental monitoring |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.866426/full |
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