A Scoping Review of the Quality and the Design of Evaluations of Mobile Health, Telehealth, Smart Pump and Monitoring Technologies Performed in a Pharmacy-Related Setting

Background: There is currently a need for high quality evaluations of new mobile health, telehealth, smart pump and monitoring technologies undertaken in a pharmacy-related setting. We aim to evaluate the use of these monitoring technologies performed in this setting.Methods: A systematic searching...

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Main Authors: Darrin Baines, Imandeep K. Gahir, Afthab Hussain, Amir J. Khan, Philip Schneider, Syed S. Hasan, Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2018-07-01
Series:Frontiers in Pharmacology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2018.00678/full
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author Darrin Baines
Imandeep K. Gahir
Afthab Hussain
Amir J. Khan
Philip Schneider
Syed S. Hasan
Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
author_facet Darrin Baines
Imandeep K. Gahir
Afthab Hussain
Amir J. Khan
Philip Schneider
Syed S. Hasan
Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
author_sort Darrin Baines
collection DOAJ
description Background: There is currently a need for high quality evaluations of new mobile health, telehealth, smart pump and monitoring technologies undertaken in a pharmacy-related setting. We aim to evaluate the use of these monitoring technologies performed in this setting.Methods: A systematic searching of English articles that examined the quality and the design of technologies conducted in pharmacy-related facilities was performed using the following databases: MEDLINE and Cumulative index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) to identify original studies examining the quality and the design of technologies and published in peer-reviewed journals. Extraction of articles and quality assessment of included articles were performed independently by two authors. Quality scores over 75% are classed as being acceptable using a “relatively conservative” quality benchmark. Scores over 55% are included using a “relatively liberal” cut-off point.Results: Screening resulted in the selection of 40 formal evaluations. A substantial number of studies (32, 80.00%) were performed in the United States, quantitative in approach (33, 82.50%) and retrospective cohort (24, 60.00%) in study design. The most common pharmacy-related settings were: 22 primary care (55.00%); 10 hospital pharmacy (25.00%); 7 community pharmacy (17.50%); one primary care and hospital pharmacy (2.50%). The majority of the evaluations (33, 82.50%) reported clinical outcomes, six (15.00%) measured clinical and economic outcomes, and one (2.50%) economic only. Twelve (30.00%) quantitative studies and no qualitative study met objective criteria for “relatively conservative” quality. Using a lower “relatively liberal” benchmark, 27 quantitative (81.82%) and four qualitative (57.41%) studies met the lower quality criterion.Conclusion: Worldwide, few evaluations of mobile health, telehealth, smart pump and monitoring technologies in pharmacy-related setting have been published.Their quality is often below the standard necessary for inclusion in a systematic review mainly due to inadequate study design.
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spelling doaj.art-adcb7e94705f4b49a190c3cde31e5d892022-12-21T20:38:12ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122018-07-01910.3389/fphar.2018.00678371485A Scoping Review of the Quality and the Design of Evaluations of Mobile Health, Telehealth, Smart Pump and Monitoring Technologies Performed in a Pharmacy-Related SettingDarrin Baines0Imandeep K. Gahir1Afthab Hussain2Amir J. Khan3Philip Schneider4Syed S. Hasan5Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar6Department of Accounting, Finance and Economics, Bournemouth University, Poole, United KingdomFaculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United KingdomFaculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United KingdomFaculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United KingdomCommunity, Environment and Policy Department, University of Arizona College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United StatesPharmaceutical Policy and Practice Research Centre, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United KingdomPharmaceutical Policy and Practice Research Centre, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United KingdomBackground: There is currently a need for high quality evaluations of new mobile health, telehealth, smart pump and monitoring technologies undertaken in a pharmacy-related setting. We aim to evaluate the use of these monitoring technologies performed in this setting.Methods: A systematic searching of English articles that examined the quality and the design of technologies conducted in pharmacy-related facilities was performed using the following databases: MEDLINE and Cumulative index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) to identify original studies examining the quality and the design of technologies and published in peer-reviewed journals. Extraction of articles and quality assessment of included articles were performed independently by two authors. Quality scores over 75% are classed as being acceptable using a “relatively conservative” quality benchmark. Scores over 55% are included using a “relatively liberal” cut-off point.Results: Screening resulted in the selection of 40 formal evaluations. A substantial number of studies (32, 80.00%) were performed in the United States, quantitative in approach (33, 82.50%) and retrospective cohort (24, 60.00%) in study design. The most common pharmacy-related settings were: 22 primary care (55.00%); 10 hospital pharmacy (25.00%); 7 community pharmacy (17.50%); one primary care and hospital pharmacy (2.50%). The majority of the evaluations (33, 82.50%) reported clinical outcomes, six (15.00%) measured clinical and economic outcomes, and one (2.50%) economic only. Twelve (30.00%) quantitative studies and no qualitative study met objective criteria for “relatively conservative” quality. Using a lower “relatively liberal” benchmark, 27 quantitative (81.82%) and four qualitative (57.41%) studies met the lower quality criterion.Conclusion: Worldwide, few evaluations of mobile health, telehealth, smart pump and monitoring technologies in pharmacy-related setting have been published.Their quality is often below the standard necessary for inclusion in a systematic review mainly due to inadequate study design.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2018.00678/fullpharmacypharmaceutical caremobile healthtelehealthsmart pumpsmonitoring technologies
spellingShingle Darrin Baines
Imandeep K. Gahir
Afthab Hussain
Amir J. Khan
Philip Schneider
Syed S. Hasan
Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar
A Scoping Review of the Quality and the Design of Evaluations of Mobile Health, Telehealth, Smart Pump and Monitoring Technologies Performed in a Pharmacy-Related Setting
Frontiers in Pharmacology
pharmacy
pharmaceutical care
mobile health
telehealth
smart pumps
monitoring technologies
title A Scoping Review of the Quality and the Design of Evaluations of Mobile Health, Telehealth, Smart Pump and Monitoring Technologies Performed in a Pharmacy-Related Setting
title_full A Scoping Review of the Quality and the Design of Evaluations of Mobile Health, Telehealth, Smart Pump and Monitoring Technologies Performed in a Pharmacy-Related Setting
title_fullStr A Scoping Review of the Quality and the Design of Evaluations of Mobile Health, Telehealth, Smart Pump and Monitoring Technologies Performed in a Pharmacy-Related Setting
title_full_unstemmed A Scoping Review of the Quality and the Design of Evaluations of Mobile Health, Telehealth, Smart Pump and Monitoring Technologies Performed in a Pharmacy-Related Setting
title_short A Scoping Review of the Quality and the Design of Evaluations of Mobile Health, Telehealth, Smart Pump and Monitoring Technologies Performed in a Pharmacy-Related Setting
title_sort scoping review of the quality and the design of evaluations of mobile health telehealth smart pump and monitoring technologies performed in a pharmacy related setting
topic pharmacy
pharmaceutical care
mobile health
telehealth
smart pumps
monitoring technologies
url https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2018.00678/full
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