Predicting the relative humidities of liquid-liquid phase separation, efflorescence, and deliquescence of mixed particles of ammonium sulfate, organic material, and water using the organic-to-sulfate mass ratio of the particle and the oxygen-to-carbon elemental ratio of the organic component
Individual particles that on a mass basis consist dominantly of the components ammonium sulfate, oxygenated organic material, and water are a common class of submicron particles found in today's atmosphere. Here we use (1) the organic-to-sulfate (org:sulf) mass ratio of the overall particle and...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2011-11-01
|
| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/10995/2011/acp-11-10995-2011.pdf |
| _version_ | 1811309759176900608 |
|---|---|
| author | A. K. Bertram S. T. Martin S. J. Hanna M. L. Smith A. Bodsworth Q. Chen M. Kuwata A. Liu Y. You S. R. Zorn |
| author_facet | A. K. Bertram S. T. Martin S. J. Hanna M. L. Smith A. Bodsworth Q. Chen M. Kuwata A. Liu Y. You S. R. Zorn |
| author_sort | A. K. Bertram |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Individual particles that on a mass basis consist dominantly of the components ammonium sulfate, oxygenated organic material, and water are a common class of submicron particles found in today's atmosphere. Here we use (1) the organic-to-sulfate (org:sulf) mass ratio of the overall particle and (2) the oxygen-to-carbon (O:C) elemental ratio of the organic component as input variables in parameterisations that predict the critical relative humidity of several different types of particle phase transitions. Specifically these variables were used to predict the critical relative humidity of liquid-liquid phase separation (SRH), efflorescence (ERH), and deliquescence (DRH). Experiments were conducted by optical microscopy for 11 different oxygenated organic-ammonium sulfate systems covering the range 0.1< org:sulf <12.8 and 0.29 < O:C < 1.33. These new data, in conjunction with other data already available in the literature, were used to develop the parameterisations SRH(org:sulf, O:C), ERH(org:sulf, O:C), and DRH(org:sulf, O:C). The parameterisations correctly predicted SRH within 15% RH for 88% of the measurements, ERH within 5% for 84% of the measurements, and DRH within 5% for 94% of the measurements. The applicability of the derived parameterisations beyond the training data set was tested against observations for organic-sulfate particles produced in an environmental chamber. The organic component consisted of secondary organic material produced by the oxidation of isoprene, α-pinene, and β-caryophyllene. The predictions of the parameterisations were also tested against data from the Southern Great Plains, Oklahoma, USA. The observed ERH and DRH values for both the chamber and field data agreed within 5% RH with the values predicted by the parameterisations using the measured org:sulf and O:C ratios as the input variables. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T09:47:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-addb65e0563f4ef09d541b564ef1fd69 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T09:47:51Z |
| publishDate | 2011-11-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-addb65e0563f4ef09d541b564ef1fd692022-12-22T02:51:42ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242011-11-011121109951100610.5194/acp-11-10995-2011Predicting the relative humidities of liquid-liquid phase separation, efflorescence, and deliquescence of mixed particles of ammonium sulfate, organic material, and water using the organic-to-sulfate mass ratio of the particle and the oxygen-to-carbon elemental ratio of the organic componentA. K. BertramS. T. MartinS. J. HannaM. L. SmithA. BodsworthQ. ChenM. KuwataA. LiuY. YouS. R. ZornIndividual particles that on a mass basis consist dominantly of the components ammonium sulfate, oxygenated organic material, and water are a common class of submicron particles found in today's atmosphere. Here we use (1) the organic-to-sulfate (org:sulf) mass ratio of the overall particle and (2) the oxygen-to-carbon (O:C) elemental ratio of the organic component as input variables in parameterisations that predict the critical relative humidity of several different types of particle phase transitions. Specifically these variables were used to predict the critical relative humidity of liquid-liquid phase separation (SRH), efflorescence (ERH), and deliquescence (DRH). Experiments were conducted by optical microscopy for 11 different oxygenated organic-ammonium sulfate systems covering the range 0.1< org:sulf <12.8 and 0.29 < O:C < 1.33. These new data, in conjunction with other data already available in the literature, were used to develop the parameterisations SRH(org:sulf, O:C), ERH(org:sulf, O:C), and DRH(org:sulf, O:C). The parameterisations correctly predicted SRH within 15% RH for 88% of the measurements, ERH within 5% for 84% of the measurements, and DRH within 5% for 94% of the measurements. The applicability of the derived parameterisations beyond the training data set was tested against observations for organic-sulfate particles produced in an environmental chamber. The organic component consisted of secondary organic material produced by the oxidation of isoprene, α-pinene, and β-caryophyllene. The predictions of the parameterisations were also tested against data from the Southern Great Plains, Oklahoma, USA. The observed ERH and DRH values for both the chamber and field data agreed within 5% RH with the values predicted by the parameterisations using the measured org:sulf and O:C ratios as the input variables.http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/10995/2011/acp-11-10995-2011.pdf |
| spellingShingle | A. K. Bertram S. T. Martin S. J. Hanna M. L. Smith A. Bodsworth Q. Chen M. Kuwata A. Liu Y. You S. R. Zorn Predicting the relative humidities of liquid-liquid phase separation, efflorescence, and deliquescence of mixed particles of ammonium sulfate, organic material, and water using the organic-to-sulfate mass ratio of the particle and the oxygen-to-carbon elemental ratio of the organic component Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Predicting the relative humidities of liquid-liquid phase separation, efflorescence, and deliquescence of mixed particles of ammonium sulfate, organic material, and water using the organic-to-sulfate mass ratio of the particle and the oxygen-to-carbon elemental ratio of the organic component |
| title_full | Predicting the relative humidities of liquid-liquid phase separation, efflorescence, and deliquescence of mixed particles of ammonium sulfate, organic material, and water using the organic-to-sulfate mass ratio of the particle and the oxygen-to-carbon elemental ratio of the organic component |
| title_fullStr | Predicting the relative humidities of liquid-liquid phase separation, efflorescence, and deliquescence of mixed particles of ammonium sulfate, organic material, and water using the organic-to-sulfate mass ratio of the particle and the oxygen-to-carbon elemental ratio of the organic component |
| title_full_unstemmed | Predicting the relative humidities of liquid-liquid phase separation, efflorescence, and deliquescence of mixed particles of ammonium sulfate, organic material, and water using the organic-to-sulfate mass ratio of the particle and the oxygen-to-carbon elemental ratio of the organic component |
| title_short | Predicting the relative humidities of liquid-liquid phase separation, efflorescence, and deliquescence of mixed particles of ammonium sulfate, organic material, and water using the organic-to-sulfate mass ratio of the particle and the oxygen-to-carbon elemental ratio of the organic component |
| title_sort | predicting the relative humidities of liquid liquid phase separation efflorescence and deliquescence of mixed particles of ammonium sulfate organic material and water using the organic to sulfate mass ratio of the particle and the oxygen to carbon elemental ratio of the organic component |
| url | http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/11/10995/2011/acp-11-10995-2011.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT akbertram predictingtherelativehumiditiesofliquidliquidphaseseparationefflorescenceanddeliquescenceofmixedparticlesofammoniumsulfateorganicmaterialandwaterusingtheorganictosulfatemassratiooftheparticleandtheoxygentocarbonelementalratiooftheorganiccomponent AT stmartin predictingtherelativehumiditiesofliquidliquidphaseseparationefflorescenceanddeliquescenceofmixedparticlesofammoniumsulfateorganicmaterialandwaterusingtheorganictosulfatemassratiooftheparticleandtheoxygentocarbonelementalratiooftheorganiccomponent AT sjhanna predictingtherelativehumiditiesofliquidliquidphaseseparationefflorescenceanddeliquescenceofmixedparticlesofammoniumsulfateorganicmaterialandwaterusingtheorganictosulfatemassratiooftheparticleandtheoxygentocarbonelementalratiooftheorganiccomponent AT mlsmith predictingtherelativehumiditiesofliquidliquidphaseseparationefflorescenceanddeliquescenceofmixedparticlesofammoniumsulfateorganicmaterialandwaterusingtheorganictosulfatemassratiooftheparticleandtheoxygentocarbonelementalratiooftheorganiccomponent AT abodsworth predictingtherelativehumiditiesofliquidliquidphaseseparationefflorescenceanddeliquescenceofmixedparticlesofammoniumsulfateorganicmaterialandwaterusingtheorganictosulfatemassratiooftheparticleandtheoxygentocarbonelementalratiooftheorganiccomponent AT qchen predictingtherelativehumiditiesofliquidliquidphaseseparationefflorescenceanddeliquescenceofmixedparticlesofammoniumsulfateorganicmaterialandwaterusingtheorganictosulfatemassratiooftheparticleandtheoxygentocarbonelementalratiooftheorganiccomponent AT mkuwata predictingtherelativehumiditiesofliquidliquidphaseseparationefflorescenceanddeliquescenceofmixedparticlesofammoniumsulfateorganicmaterialandwaterusingtheorganictosulfatemassratiooftheparticleandtheoxygentocarbonelementalratiooftheorganiccomponent AT aliu predictingtherelativehumiditiesofliquidliquidphaseseparationefflorescenceanddeliquescenceofmixedparticlesofammoniumsulfateorganicmaterialandwaterusingtheorganictosulfatemassratiooftheparticleandtheoxygentocarbonelementalratiooftheorganiccomponent AT yyou predictingtherelativehumiditiesofliquidliquidphaseseparationefflorescenceanddeliquescenceofmixedparticlesofammoniumsulfateorganicmaterialandwaterusingtheorganictosulfatemassratiooftheparticleandtheoxygentocarbonelementalratiooftheorganiccomponent AT srzorn predictingtherelativehumiditiesofliquidliquidphaseseparationefflorescenceanddeliquescenceofmixedparticlesofammoniumsulfateorganicmaterialandwaterusingtheorganictosulfatemassratiooftheparticleandtheoxygentocarbonelementalratiooftheorganiccomponent |